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Title:Pravni promet s kmetijskimi zemljišči, gozdovi in kmetijami : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Kodrič, Tjaša (Author)
ID Vrenčur, Renato (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Kodric_Tjasa_2024.pdf (1,16 MB)
MD5: A643A4E83D805D9D5A5D6EDC56A9A0BD
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Postopek odsvojitve kmetijskih zemljišč, gozdov in kmetij je v slovenskem pravnem redu podrejen raznim omejitvam, ki udeležencem v prometu omejuje enostavno pridobitev lastninske pravice na nepremičninah in prosto razpolaganje z njimi. Javni interes je namreč na tem področju še posebej izražen zaradi nujne ohranitve kmetijskih in gozdnih zemljišč ter kmetij in njihovega potenciala, ki se izkazuje v samooskrbi in strateški surovini države, zato je pomembno, da se tak promet zavaruje. Pri zakonskih omejitvah navedenih nepremičnin, ki so nastale po ustavnem pooblastilu še posebej izstopa institut predkupne pravice. Promet s kmetijskimi zemljišči, gozdovi in kmetijami tako poteka omejeno, skladno z naprej določenim postopkom, v odvisnosti od upravnega organa. Tak postopek je urejen z Zakonom o kmetijskih zemljiščih, nekatere posebnosti v prometu z gozdovi in zaščitenimi kmetijami pa so predpisane v specialnih zakonih. Na obravnavanem področju prevladuje naprej določen krog predkupnih upravičencev, ki se lahko razlikuje glede na to, ali gre za promet s kmetijskimi zemljišči ali gozdovi. V slednjem primeru ugotavljamo, da je ureditev nekoliko neprimerna za dejanski promet z gozdovi, saj zanemari solastnika kot predkupnega upravičenca, ki pri prodaji kmetijskega zemljišča nastopa na prvem mestu. Predkupna pravica na zadevnem področju se uveljavi z institutom javne ponudbe in njenim sprejemom, ki je predpogoj za začetek postopka odobritve pravnega posla s strani pristojne upravne enote. Upravni organ tako v postopku deluje glede na postavljeno zakonsko regulacijo in določi najprimernejšega pridobitelja predmetnega zemljišča. Odobritev je ključna za nadaljnji postopek overitve in vpisa v zemljiško knjigo. Čeprav je na prvi pogled postopek poenostavljen, se v praksi pojavljajo neenaka stališča zaradi nejasnosti in (pre)splošne ureditve obravnavanega področja. Te dileme in vrzeli, ki jih bomo izpostavili tudi v delu, večinoma zapolnjujeta upravnosodna praksa in teorija. Vse zakonske ovire na tem področju in omenjena togost zakonodaje pa udeležencem v prometu omogoča izigravanje predpisov, ki se lahko izrazi tudi v ničnosti zavezovalnih pravnih poslov. V magistrskem delu obravnavamo tudi problematiko zaščitenih kmetij, za prodajo katerih so vse do leta 2022 veljale posebne omejitve. Spremembe na tem področju sedaj omogočajo delitev zaščitenih kmetij, kar je zakonodaja zavoljo izrazitega javnega interesa pred novelacijo strogo ovirala. Zaščitene kmetije so kljub navedenemu še zmeraj predmet določenega nadzora, in sicer v postopku dedovanja, ki poteka po posebnem zakonu.
Keywords:kmetijsko zemljišče, gozd, kmetija, promet s kmetijskimi zemljišči, ponudba, odobritev pravnega posla, lastninska pravica, predkupna pravica, zakup
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:T. Kodrič
Year of publishing:2024
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (75 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-90622 New window
UDC:347.243(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:220039171 New window
Publication date in DKUM:20.12.2024
Views:0
Downloads:37
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
:
KODRIČ, Tjaša, 2024, Pravni promet s kmetijskimi zemljišči, gozdovi in kmetijami : magistrsko delo [online]. Master’s thesis. Maribor : T. Kodrič. [Accessed 23 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=90622
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License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:11.09.2024

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Legal transactions involving agricultural lands, forests and farms
Abstract:The process of transferring agricultural land, forests and farms is subject to various restrictions in the Slovenian legal order, which limit traffic participants from easily acquiring ownership rights to real estate and free transferring of it. The public interest is particularly expressed in this field of the law due to the necessity of preserving agricultural and forest lands as well as farms, and their potential, which is shown in providing the country with self-sufficiency and a strategic asset. Therefore, such traffic must be protected. When it comes to legal restrictions on the aforementioned property, which were established under constitutional authority, the institute of the right of pre-emption stands out in particular. Traffic with agricultural land, forests and farms is thus limited, in accordance with a predetermined procedure, subject to the discretion of the administrative authority. The Agricultural Land Act regulates such a procedure, and some specifics in dealing with forests and protected farms are laid down in special laws. The field under consideration is dominated by a predefined circle of preemptive beneficiaries, which may differ depending on whether it is a transaction with agricultural land or forests. In the latter case, we note that the arrangement is somewhat unsuitable for the actual sale of forests, as it ignores the co-owner as the pre-emptive beneficiary, who is the first party to be considered when selling agricultural land. The pre-emption right in this law field is exercised by means of a public offer and its acceptance, which is a precondition for the initiation of the procedure, with which the legal transaction is approved by the competent administrative unit. The administrative authority thus acts in the procedure in accordance with the statutory framework and determines the most suitable purchaser of the land in question. The approval is key to the subsequent process of verification and registration in the land register. Although the procedure is simplified at first glance, in practice divergent views appear due to the vagueness and overly general regulation of the area under consideration. These dilemmas and gaps, which we will highlight in the thesis, are mostly filled by administrative case law and theory. All the legal obstacles in this field and the aforementioned rigidity of the legislation allow participants in these legal transactions to circumvent the regulations, which may also result in the nullity of binding legal transactions. In the master's thesis, we also discuss the issue of protected farms, the sale of which was subject to special restrictions until the year 2022. Amendments in this field now allow for the division of protected farms, which was strictly prevented by the legislation before the amendment due to the strong public interest. Despite this, protected farms are still subject to certain control, namely in the inheritance procedure, which is governed by a special law.
Keywords:agricultural land, forest, farm, transactions with agricultural land, offer, approval of legal transaction, property right, pre-emptive right, lease


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