| | SLO | ENG | Cookies and privacy

Bigger font | Smaller font

Show document Help

Title:Separacija vrednih spojin iz lupin pistacije s podkritično vodo : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje
Authors:ID Travnikar, Nina (Author)
ID Škerget, Mojca (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Čolnik, Maja (Comentor)
Files:.pdf VS_Travnikar_Nina_2022.pdf (3,29 MB)
MD5: 2CA33EEB4AE641610766FAD54D1AA0A0
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Dandanes je vse večji interes po iskanju najboljšega načina, kako bi lahko odpadno biomaso pretvorili v vredne komponente in energijo ter tako prispevali k ohranjanju okolja. Veliko odpadne biomase najdemo v odpadkih in ostankih živilske industrije, ki so velikokrat samo zavrženi, čeprav bi lahko z uporabo določenih ekstrakcij iz njih separirali vredne spojine, ki bi jih nato koristno uporabili v zdravstveni in farmacevtski industriji. Primer tako odvrženih surovin so lupine pistacije. Pri plodu pistacije je užitna samo sredica, zunanja lupina, ki predstavlja velik delež pistacije, pa je smatrana kot odpadek in se zavrže. V okviru diplomskega dela smo izvajali ekstrakcije lupin pistacije z uporabo podkritične vode pri temperaturi od 150 °C do 250 °C in reakcijskem času od 15 min do 60 min ter rezultate primerjali s konvencionalnimi ekstrakcijami, kjer smo uporabili organski topili aceton in etanol. Preučevali smo vpliv različnih procesnih parametrov (reakcijski čas in temperaturo) na izkoristek ekstrakcije in njihov vpliv na sestavo produktov v ekstraktih. Maksimalni izkoristek ekstrakcije smo ugotovili pri temperaturi 200 °C in reakcijskem času 15 min. Z daljšanjem reakcijskega časa pa je izkoristek pričel upadati v vseh primerih ekstrakcije. V nadaljevanju smo v ekstraktih z UV-Vis spektrofotometričnimi metodami določili vsebnost totalnih fenolov, flavonoidov, ogljikovih hidratov in antioksidativno aktivnost. Maksimalne vsebnosti totalnih flavonoidov (10,18 mg QU/g ekstrakta pri 200 °C in 60 min) in totalnih ogljikovih hidratov (554,52 mg TOH/g materiala pri 60 min in 200 °C) ter maksimalno antioksidativno aktivnost (90,01 % pri 250 °C in pri 60 min) smo določili v primeru, ko smo ekstrakte pridobili s pomočjo podkritične vode, med tem ko smo maksimalne vsebnosti totalnih fenolov (86,17 mg GA/g ekstrakta) določili v primeru konvencionalne ekstrakcije z etanolom. S HPLC metodo smo določili, da je bilo v ekstraktih pridobljenih s podkritično vodo prisotnih največ furfuralov. Rezultati so pokazali, da je podkritična voda bolj primerno topilo za separacijo vrednih spojin iz lupin pistacije kot pa organska topila.
Keywords:lupine pistacije, podkritična voda, organska topila, ekstrakcija, vredne spojine
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[N. Travnikar]
Year of publishing:2022
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XI, 47 f.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-82159 New window
UDC:66.061.3:634.574(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:121399555 New window
Publication date in DKUM:13.09.2022
Views:581
Downloads:91
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
:
TRAVNIKAR, Nina, 2022, Separacija vrednih spojin iz lupin pistacije s podkritično vodo : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Maribor : N. Travnikar. [Accessed 14 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=82159
Copy citation
  
Average score:
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
(0 votes)
Your score:Voting is allowed only for logged in users.
Share:Bookmark and Share


Searching for similar works...Please wait....
Hover the mouse pointer over a document title to show the abstract or click on the title to get all document metadata.

Licences

License:CC BY-SA 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Description:This Creative Commons license is very similar to the regular Attribution license, but requires the release of all derivative works under this same license.
Licensing start date:23.08.2022

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Separation of valuble compounds from pistachio shells using subcritical water
Abstract:Nowadays, there is a growing interest in finding the best way to convert waste biomass into valuable components and energy, thus contributing to the preservation of the environment. A lot of biomass waste is found in food industry waste and residues, which are often only discarded, although certain extractions could be used to separate valuable compounds from them, which could then be used in the health and pharmaceutical industries. An example of such dicarded raw materials are pistachio hulls. In the case of the pistachio nut, only the core is edible, and the outer hull, which represents a large proportion of the pistachio, is considered as waste and is discarded. In this thesis, we preformed an extraction of pistachio hulls using subcritical water at temperatures from 150 °C to 250 °C and reaction time from 15 min to 60 min and compared it with conventional extraction, where we used organic solvents acetone and ethanol. We studied the influence of process parameters (temperature and reaction time) on the extraction yield and their influence on the product composition in the extracts. The highest extraction yield was found at a temperature of 200 °C and a reaction time of 15 min. With further extension of the reaction time, the yield started to decrease in all extraction cases. In the following, we determined the content of total phenols, total flavonoids, total carbohydrates and antioxidant activity of the extracts using UV-Vis spectrophotometric methods. The maximum contents of total flavonoids (10.18 mg QU/g extract at 200 °C and 60 min) and total carbohydrates (554.52 mg TOH/g material at 60 min and 200 °C) and the highest antioxidant activity (90.01 % at 250 °C and at 60 min) was determined in the case when the extracts were obtained with the help of subcritical water, while the maximum content of total phenols (86.17 mg GA/g extract) was determined in the case of conventional extraction with ethanol. Using the HPLC method, we determined that the most furfurals were present in the extracts obtained with subcritical water. From the results, we concluded that subcritical water is a more suitable solvent for the separation of valuable compounds from pistachio shells than acetone or ethanol.
Keywords:pistachio hulls, subcritical water, organic solvents, extraction, valuable compounds


Comments

Leave comment

You must log in to leave a comment.

Comments (0)
0 - 0 / 0
 
There are no comments!

Back
Logos of partners University of Maribor University of Ljubljana University of Primorska University of Nova Gorica