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Title:Modeliranje in večnamenska optimizacija pridobivanja energije in koristnih produktov iz organskih odpadkov na osnovi anaerobne razgradnje : doktorska disertacija
Authors:ID Kegl, Tina (Author)
ID Kovač Kralj, Anita (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf DOK_Kegl_Tina_2022.pdf (39,79 MB)
MD5: 8AD9F05ECFB458CB63CDD7025DE5976B
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Doctoral dissertation
Typology:2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Tehnologije z uporabo anaerobne razgradnje imajo pomembno vlogo pri zmanjševanju odpadkov in izpustov toplogrednih plinov v ozračje ter pri proizvodnji energije iz obnovljivih virov. Gre za kompleksno in večplastno temo, ki jo obravnava doktorska disertacija. V tej disertaciji je predstavljen razvoj novega fizikalno matematičnega BioModela za simulacijo in optimizacijo procesa anaerobne razgradnje organskih odpadkov. Prav tako je pozornost namenjena določanju neznanih ali težko določljivih parametrov BioModela. Posebej so izpostavljene vpeljane novosti na področju modeliranja in optimizacije tako parametrov BioModela kot tudi procesa anaerobne razgradnje, ki predstavljajo izviren prispevek doktorske disertacije k znanosti. Novosti se nanašajo na (i) upoštevanje dnevno spremenljive sestave vhodnega kompleksnega substrata in dnevno spremenljivih procesnih pogojev v bioreaktorju, (ii) modeliranje razgradnje ogljikovih hidratov, lipidov in proteinov ob delovanju 3 vrst hidrolitičnih encimov in 13 različnih vrst acetogenih, acidogenih in metanogenih bakterij, pri čemer imajo pomembno vlogo različni inhibitorji, ki zavirajo rast in delovanje posameznih vrst bakterij, (iii) modeliranje procesov disociacije-asociacije, precipitacije in prenosa mase iz tekoče v plinasto fazo, (iv) upoštevanje sestave bioplina iz CO2, CH4, H2, H2S, NH3 in vodne pare, (v) določanje trenutnega pH brez dolgotrajnih iteracij, (vi) vpeljavo temperaturno in pH odvisnih parametrov, (vii) modeliranje aktivnosti bioloških in anorganskih aditivov, (viii) razvoj novega optimizacijskega postopka z naborom aktivnih spremenljivk za kalibracijo prametrov BioModela in (ix) vpeljavo aproksimacijskega gradientnega algoritma v postopek optimizacije. Celotna programska koda za modeliranje in optimiranje procesa anaerobne razgradnje je razvita v objektnem programskem jeziku C#. Za nadaljnjo uporabo CO2 iz bioplina in še iz nekaterih drugih točkovnih virov je s pristopom mešanega celoštevilskega nelinearnega programiranja razvit konceptualni model za optimizacijo celotnega oskrbovalnega omrežja CO2, od zajemanja, skladiščenja do uporabe CO2 za proizvodnjo metanola. Za nadaljnjo uporabo CH4 iz bioplina kot goriva v dvogorivnih dizelskih motorjih je narejena kritična analiza vpliva uporabe nanodelcev kot aditivov h gorivu. Prav tako je predstavljena analiza uporabe nanodelcev kot adsorbentov za odstranjevanje kovin iz odpadnih voda z namenom odstranjevanja težkih kovin in nutrientov iz tekočega digestata. Rezultati numeričnih simulacij procesa anaerobne razgradnje potrjujejo zanesljivost novo razvitega BioModela in učinkovitost tako novo razvitega postopka za kalibracijo parametrov kot tudi optimizacijskega gradientnega algoritma z aproksimacijsko metodo. Na osnovi opravljenih raziskav na področju nadaljnje obdelave produktov procesa anaerobne razgradnje pa lahko zaključimo, da z ustrezno kombinacijo tehnologije anaerobne razgradnje, tehnologije zajemanja, skladiščenja in uporabe CO2 ter nanotehnologije lahko prispevamo k zmanjšanju onesnaževanja okolja.
Keywords:anaerobna razgradnja, fizikalno-matematični model, gradientni optimizacijski algoritem, kalibracija modelnih parametrov, oskrbovalno omrežje CO2, nanotehnologija
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[T. Kegl]
Year of publishing:2022
Number of pages:VIII, 178 str.
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-81716 New window
UDC:66.098.4.011:628.4.042(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:124883715 New window
Publication date in DKUM:05.10.2022
Views:1295
Downloads:980
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
:
KEGL, Tina, 2022, Modeliranje in večnamenska optimizacija pridobivanja energije in koristnih produktov iz organskih odpadkov na osnovi anaerobne razgradnje : doktorska disertacija [online]. Doctoral dissertation. Maribor : T. Kegl. [Accessed 23 January 2025]. Retrieved from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=81716
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:17.05.2022

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Modeling and multi-objective optimization of energy and valuable products retrieval from organic waste through anaerobic co-digestion
Abstract:Technologies utilizing anaerobic digestion play an important role in reducing waste and greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere while simultaneously delivering energy from renewable sources. It is a complex and multifaceted topic addressed in this doctoral dissertation. This dissertation focuses on the development of a new mechanistically inspired BioModel for numerical simulation and optimization of the anaerobic digestion process of organic waste. Special attention is devoted to the determination of unknown or hard-to-determine parameters of the proposed BioModel. Novelties in the field of modeling and optimization of both, BioModel parameters and the anaerobic digestion process, represent the original contribution of this dissertation to science. These novelties are related to: (i) consideration of daily variable composition of input complex substrate and daily variable process conditions in the bioreactor; (ii) modeling of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins degradation by 3 types of hydrolytic enzymes and 13 different types of acetogenic, acidogenic and methanogenic bacteria, where various inhibitors that inhibit the growth and activity of individual bacterial species play an important role; (iii) modeling of dissociation-association, precipitation and liquid-gas mass transfer; (iv) consideration of the following biogas composition: CO2, CH4, H2, H2S, NH3 and water vapor; (v) determination of current pH without time consuming iterations; (vi) introduction of temperature and pH-dependent parameters; (vii) modeling of biological and inorganic additives activity; (viii) development of a new active set optimization procedure for parameter calibration; (ix) introduction of a gradient-based algorithm into all optimization processes. The complete computer code for modeling and optimization of the anaerobic digestion process was developed in-house in the C# programming language. For the further use of CO2 from biogas and some other point sources, a conceptually simplified model was developed for the optimization of combined CO2 supply network and capture and utilization technologies by using the mixed-integer non-linear programming approach. For the further use of CH4 from biogas as a fuel in dual-fuel diesel engines, a critical analysis of the impact of the use of nanoparticles as fuel additives has been made. An analysis of nanoparticles usage as adsorbents for the removal of metals from wastewater is also presented with the aim of enabling possible removal of heavy metals and nutrients from liquid digestate. The results of numerical simulations of the anaerobic digestion process confirm the reliability of the newly developed BioModel and the efficiency of both, the newly developed procedure for parameter calibration and the engaged gradient-based optimization algorithm. Based on the research in the field of further processing of products of the anaerobic digestion process, we can conclude that an appropriate combination of anaerobic digestion technology, CO2 capture, storage and utilization, and nanotechnology, can contribute to the reduction of environmental pollution.
Keywords:anaerobic digestion, mechanistically inspired model, gradient-based optimization algorithm, calibration of model parameters, CO_2 supply network, nanotechnology


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