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Title:Razvoj alternativne recepture za izdelavo porcelanske ploščice v podjetju Gorenje Keramika : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Mežnar, Maja (Author)
ID Goršek, Andreja (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Pečar, Darja (Comentor)
ID Laubič, Boris (Comentor)
Files:.pdf MAG_Meznar_Maja_2019.pdf (5,33 MB)
MD5: C9249991065A963EEE81F69B5F5EE420
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/b55ca269-e1e0-4506-9549-06183a9b8a24
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Razvili smo alternativno recepturo za izdelavo porcelanske ploščice, ki ustreza zahtevam standarda SIST EN 14411 in s tem zmanjšali stroške surovin za 5,11 %. Z uporabo vrstičnega elektronskega mikroskopa (SEM) smo z metodo energijske disperzijske rentgenske spektroskopije (EDS) določili kemijsko sestavo obstoječih in alternativnih surovin. Z namenom določitve ustrezne alternativne recepture za izdelavo ploščice smo pripravili in testirali vzorce z različnimi masnimi deleži alternativnih surovin in vzorce trenutno uporabljenih surovin. Mineraloško sestavo teh vzorcev po sintranju smo določali z metodo rentgenske praškovne difrakcije (XRD), ki zaradi majhnih razlik v vsebnosti glinenca v sintranih vzorcih in robustnosti metode ni dala zanesljivih rezultatov. Posledično smo morali za razvoj recepture najti način, ki je združeval rezultate analize mikrostrukture surovin, sprememb dimenzij, sprememb teže, ukrivljenosti površine, absorpcije vode in kemijske sestave. Iz podatkov o kemijski sestavi posameznih surovin smo glede na masne deleže surovin v vzorcih izračunali kemijsko sestavo pripravljenih alternativnih vzorcev, pri čemer smo se osredotočili na razmerje med najpomembnejšima komponentama: silicijevim dioksidom in aluminijevim oksidom. Najboljšo recepturo, ki je bila možna glede na razpoložljive surovine, smo dodatno optimizirali z dodatkom kremena. Razvito alternativno recepturo smo prenesli v proizvodnjo. Rezultati končne kontrole kvalitete so potrdili ustreznost produkta. Dosegli smo 88,41 % izplen ploščic prve kvalitete. Odstopanja so se pojavljala zaradi neustreznih dimenzij, napak tiska in okrušenosti ploščic. Ustreznost dimenzij bi lahko izboljšali z dodatkom večjih količin kremena ali glinenca, kar bi posledično vodilo do večjih skrčkov ploščic.
Keywords:porcelanska ploščica, glinenec, sintranje, vrstični elektronski mikroskop
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[M. Mežnar]
Year of publishing:2019
Number of pages:XI, 64 str.
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-73416 New window
UDC:666.59.016/.17(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:22335510 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:ILM5XRQO
Publication date in DKUM:07.05.2019
Views:1366
Downloads:82
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
:
MEŽNAR, Maja, 2019, Razvoj alternativne recepture za izdelavo porcelanske ploščice v podjetju Gorenje Keramika : magistrsko delo [online]. Master’s thesis. Maribor : M. Mežnar. [Accessed 4 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=73416
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:10.04.2019

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Development of an alternative procedure for the production of porcelain tiles at Gorenje company
Abstract:We developed an alternative procedure for the production of porcelain tiles that suffices the requirements of the standard SIST EN 14411 and reduced the raw materials costs for 5.11 %. To identify the chemical composition of the available and alternative raw materials we used the scanning electron microscope (SEM) based on the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) method. With the aim of determination of the appropriate alternative procedure for porcelain tiles production, we prepared and tested samples with different mass fractions of the available and alternative raw materials. The mineralogical composition of the sintered samples was determined with the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) method. Due to small differences of the feldspar amount in samples and due to robustness of the method, the XRD results were not reliable. Therefore, we had to find a new way for developing an alternative procedure, which would take into account the microstructure of raw material, the changes in size and weight, curvedness of the surface, absorption of water, and chemical composition. Based on the chemical composition of the raw materials and their mass fractions in the samples we determined the chemical composition of our samples. The focus was on the mass ratio between silicone dioxide and aluminium oxide. After identification of the best possible procedure, based on the available raw materials, we optimized it with the addition of quartz. The developed alternative procedure was introduced to a test production. The final control of the produced porcelain tiles confirmed the quality of the product. We produced 88.41 % of first quality porcelain tiles. The deviation occurs due to inappropriate dimensions, errors in printing, and damaging of the tiles. To improve the suitability of the dimensions, we could add a higher amount of quartz or feldspar, causing bigger shrinks of tiles.
Keywords:porcelain tiles, feldspar, sintering, scanning electron microscope


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