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Title:
Dogovor o finančnem zavarovanju v luči stvarno pravnih zavarovanj
Authors:
ID
Šlamberger, Miha
(Author)
ID
Vrenčur, Renato
(Mentor)
More about this mentor...
Files:
DOK_Slamberger_Miha_2017.pdf
(1,83 MB)
MD5: 22662F5089A763E3C6C9E5D6865B0FEA
Language:
Slovenian
Work type:
Doctoral dissertation
Typology:
2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:
PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:
Direktiva o finančnih zavarovanjih (Direktiva 2002/47/ES) je bila sprejeta z namenom povečanja učinkovitosti zavarovanj na finančnih trgih in posledično povečanja likvidnosti finančnih zavarovanj. Evropska komisija je sledila cilju odstranitve omejitev za učinkovito uporabo dogovorov o finančnih zavarovanjih, tako da je omejila formalnosti pri ustanavljanju in izvrševanju finančnih zavarovanj, podprla zaščito dogovorov o finančnih zavarovanjih pred posledicami pravil insolvenčnih postopkov, dovolila uporabo finančnega zavarovanja kakor, da bi bil prejemnik njihov lastnik, in priznala veljavo strukturi popolnega prenosa pravice v dogovoru o finančnem zavarovanju in dogovora o izravnavi. Direktiva je bila v slovenski pravni red prenesena z Zakonom o finančnih zavarovanjih, ki je implementiral nekaj prilagoditev obstoječih oblik stvarnopravnih zavarovanj z ustanovitvijo zastavne pravice na finančnih instrumentih ali prenosom finančnih instrumentov v zavarovanje. Kot finančna zavarovanja se tako lahko uporabijo finančni instrumenti, gotovina ali bančno posojilo, pogodbe oz. dogovori o finančnem zavarovanju, pa se lahko sklepajo le med določenimi pravnimi osebami. Namen disertacije je ugotoviti kakšen je položaj dolžnika zaradi posebnih pravil in ali se njegov položaj poslabšuje. Posebna pravila se nanašajo na spremembe v obličnostnih zahtevah ob sklepanju dogovora o finančnem zavarovanju (odprava administrativnih ovir), možnostih posebnih dogovorov o uporabi predmeta zavarovanja, prilastitvi in neto izravnavi v primeru nastopa pogoja izvršitve. Posebno pozornost pa namenjam postopkom unovčitve zavarovanj, saj je direktiva sledila ideji pospešitve neformaliziranih postopkov izvensodnega unovčevanja. Po natančni analizi zakonske ureditve, primerjalnopravnem pregledu ureditev v Avstriji, Nemčiji in Združenem kraljestvu ter analizi obstoječe sodne prakse zaključujem, da se položaj dolžnika zaradi možnosti posebnih dogovorov ni bistveno poslabšal, saj posebni dogovori brez pristanka dajalca zavarovanja niso mogoči. Zgolj podreditev dogovora pod pravila o finančnih zavarovanjih ne zadošča za aplikacijo vseh posebnosti, s čimer ima dajalec zavarovanja vselej možnost vplivati in predvideti svoj položaj ob zadlosti terjatve. Obstoječa pozitivnopravna ureditev sicer zadostno ureja položaj dolžnika, bilo pa bi smiselno v prihodnje natančneje določiti dopustne metode oz. načine vrednotenja finančnih zavarovanj, da bi se odpravili dvomi o morebitni kršitvi prepovedi komisoričnega dogovora, in bi se prilagodile tehnike vodenja nematerializiranih vrednostnih papirjev možnostim posebnih dogovorov o finančnih zavarovanjih.
Keywords:
finančna zavarovanja
,
finančni instrumenti
,
pravica uporabe
,
prisvojitev
,
dogovor o neto izravnavi
,
izvensodna prodaja
Place of publishing:
Maribor
Publisher:
[M. Šlamberger]
Year of publishing:
2016
PID:
20.500.12556/DKUM-65017
UDC:
368.8(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:
5414187
NUK URN:
URN:SI:UM:DK:ZTGMZ7M6
Publication date in DKUM:
29.05.2017
Views:
2614
Downloads:
309
Metadata:
Categories:
PF
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:
ŠLAMBERGER, Miha, 2016,
Dogovor o finančnem zavarovanju v luči stvarno pravnih zavarovanj
[online]. Doctoral dissertation. Maribor : M. Šlamberger. [Accessed 1 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=65017
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Secondary language
Language:
English
Title:
Financial Collateral Agreement in Light of Proprietary Security Interests
Abstract:
The Financial Collateral Directive (Directive 2002/47/EC) has been adopted with the purpose of increasing the efficiency of financial collateral on financial markets and consequently increasing the liquidity of financial collateral. The European Commission aimed to eliminate the restrictions for an efficient use of financial collateral arrangements by abolishing formal requirements for the creation and execution of financial collateral, by supporting the protection of financial collateral arrangements against statutory insolvency regulation, by introducing the right of use of given collateral and admissing the titel transfer and close-out netting provisions. The Directive was transposed into Slovenian law by Financial Collateral Act, which implemented several adjustments and changes to the existing forms of equitable collateral by creating security interest on financial instruments or fiduciary transfer of financial instruments. Financial instruments, cash and credit claims can be used as financial collateral and collateral agreements may be concluded only between designated parties being legal entities only. The purpose of the thesis is to determine the status of the debtor due to the aforementioned special provisions and whether their position has deteriorated. Special provisions are handling formal requirements for concluding financial collateral agreements (limitation of administrative burdens), the possibility of special agreements on the right of use, appropriation and close-out netting in the case of the occurance of the enforcement event. Special attention is given to the out-of-court enforcement procedures since the direcitve has followed the idea of a rapid non-formalistic enforcement procedure. After conducting a careful analysis of the legal framework, comparative study of Austrian, German and UK statutatory law with the analysis of the existing case law, I have come to the conlucision that the position of the debtor and collateral giver has not deteriorated significantly due to the eventual special provisions, since these provisions are only possible on the contractural basis. The simple subsumption of the collateral agreement under the financial collateral rules does not suffice for the application of the special regulation thus giving the collateral giver the chance to influence and predict their position when the collateralised claim is due. The existing statutatory framework is sufficiently regulating the debtor's position, however a thorough definition of allowed collateral valuation methods, to avoid any doubts whether the lex commissoria rule has been breached, shall be recommended and the adjustment of the existing rules for keeping book-entry securities to comply with the financial collateral special arrangements should be made.
Keywords:
financial collateral
,
financial instruments
,
right of use
,
appropriation
,
close-out- netting provision
,
out of court enforcement
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