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Title:Zanesljivost analize vzorcev krvnih madežev : diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo
Authors:ID Ćulibrk, Sara (Author)
ID Slak, Boštjan (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf VS_Culibrk_Sara_2024.pdf (2,22 MB)
MD5: 864CA1DA8C0041E646DD3A54864AE139
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security
Abstract:Preiskovanje kraja dejanja je kompleksen postopek, ki v številnih primerih vključuje preiskavo velikega števila sledi. Pri tem ene od pomembnejših sledi predstavljajo biološke sledi, med katere med drugim spada kri. Krvne sledi so pomembne za preiskovalce, saj lahko odkrijejo ogromno informacij o storjenem dejanju. Že oblika krvnih madežev lahko preiskovalcem odkrije veliko o storjenem dejanju. Analiza vzorcev krvnih madežev je tako forenzična tehnika, ki se ukvarja z interpretacijo vzorcev krvnih madežev, pri čemer preiskovalci analizirajo velikost, obliko, porazdelitev in lokacijo krvnih madežev. Z njeno uporabo ugotavljajo okoliščine dejanja, kot so npr. uporabljeno orožje, število potencialnih storilcev, položaj žrtve in storilcev med dejanjem, ali je šlo pri dejanju za umor ali samomor ipd. Čeprav lahko analiza vzorcev krvnih madežev pomembno pomaga pri preiskavah, obstajajo določene polemike in zadržki pri njeni uporabi. In sicer največjo težavo predstavlja dejstvo, da čeprav se ta tehnika že zelo dolgo uporablja kot dokazno gradivo v sodnih postopkih, njena zanesljivost ni znanstveno dovolj preučena in dokazana. Prav tako je težava v tem, da ni vsesplošno sprejetih standardov, usposabljanja, klasifikacije in terminologije, kar dodatno onemogoča ugotavljanje njene zanesljivosti in hkrati dopušča možnost napak. Nedavni strokovni pregledi in raziskave poudarjajo, da je ta forenzična tehnika, zaradi zanašanja na interpretacije strokovnjakov, zelo podvržena subjektivnosti, kontekstualni pristranskosti in napakam. Kljub prizadevanjem po izboljšavi nekaterih vidikov metod preiskovanja vzorcev krvnih madežev z določenimi računalniškimi programi je nekatere izvore napak in določene mere subjektivnosti skoraj nemogoče popolnoma odpraviti.
Keywords:krvni madeži, zanesljivost, kazniva dejanja, stopnja zmotnosti, diplomske naloge
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Place of performance:Ljubljana
Publisher:S. Ćulibrk
Year of publishing:2024
Year of performance:2024
Number of pages:VIII f., [59] str.
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-88511 New window
UDC:343.983.2(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:198263811 New window
Publication date in DKUM:10.06.2024
Views:227
Downloads:48
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FVV
:
ĆULIBRK, Sara, 2024, Zanesljivost analize vzorcev krvnih madežev : diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : S. Ćulibrk. [Accessed 12 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=88511
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:07.05.2024

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Reliability of bloodstain pattern analysis
Abstract:A crime scene investigation is a complex process that involves examining a large amount of evidence. One of the most important pieces of evidence is biological evidence, which includes blood. Blood is important to investigators as it can reveal a great deal of information about the crime committed. Even the shape of the bloodstains can tell investigators a lot about the crime. Bloodstain pattern analysis is a forensic technique that deals with the interpretation of bloodstain patterns. Bloodstain pattern analysis helps investigators analyse the size, shape, distribution, and location of bloodstains. Using this technique, investigators can determine the circumstances of the event that occurred, such as the weapon used, number of potential perpetrators, position of the victim and the perpetrators during the event, whether the act was murder or suicide, etc. There are however certain controversies and reservations regarding the use of bloodstain pattern analysis. The biggest problem is the fact that, although this technique has been used as evidence in court proceedings for some time, its reliability has not been sufficiently studied and proven scientifically. Also, there are no universally accepted standards, training requirements, classifications or terminology. This further makes it impossible to determine its reliability, and at the same time allows for the possibility of errors. Recent peer reviews and research highlight that this forensic technique is highly vulnerable to subjectivity, contextual bias and error due to its reliance on expert interpretations. Despite efforts to improve several aspects of bloodstain pattern analysis with computer programs, it is almost impossible to eliminate some sources of error and some degree of subjectivity.  
Keywords:bloodstains, reliability, crimes, error rates


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