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Title:DEJAVNIKI IN INDIVIDUALNE TER ORGANIZACIJSKE POSLEDICE KAJENJA
Authors:ID Mesarič, Jožica (Author)
ID Pagon, Milan (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Mesaric_Jozica_2009.pdf (1,77 MB)
MD5: 4799C68E3743549DB8A404956E543F6A
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/5fbb6e37-2256-4286-95b3-02ad35715b8d
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis
Organization:FOV - Faculty of Organizational Sciences in Kranj
Abstract:V magistrski nalogi obravnavamo dejavnike, ki vplivajo na začetek kajenja, proučujemo stanje kajenja na različnih skupinah raziskovancev in jih primerjamo z drugimi raziskavami. Z raziskavo smo spremljali učinke zdravstvenovzgojnega programa Vzgoja za nekajenje. Z delom proučujemo motive za kajenje v povezavi z različnimi vidiki vedenj in stališč, ugotavljamo pozitivne in negativne vplive zakona o omejevanju kajenja in vzporejamo njegov vpliv v različnih skupinah kadilcev in bivših kadilcev na individualnem in organizacijskem nivoju. V teoretičnem delu podajamo spoznanja in raziskave različnih avtorjev, ki nam služijo za primerjavo in vpogled v področje vpliva kajenja na zdravje in posledice, ki jih zaradi kajenja čutijo posamezniki in družba. Raziskave opozarjajo na problem škodljivosti in posledice, ki se pokažejo s časovnim zamikom in zaradi trenda kajenja pri mladostnikih — zniževanje let začetka kajenja. Zaradi kajenja pričakujemo vedno večje probleme. V empirično raziskavo smo vključili štiri skupine različnih opazovancev in oblikovali pet različnih ocenjevalnih vprašalnikov. Za starše, katerih otroci vstopajo v program vzgoja za nekajenje, da vidimo, če potrjujejo potrebnost programa. Napravili smo posnetek stanja glede kajenja, da bi proučili problem pasivnega kajenja in ugotavljali, kaj bi motiviralo kadilce, da bi opustili kajenje. Učinke in potek zdravstvenovzgojnega dela smo ugotavljali z vidika treh udeleženih skupin, in sicer z mnenji učiteljev, katerih učenci so bili vključeni v delavnice, preverjali smo učinke pri učencih, ki so bili vključeni v projekt in upoštevali smo tudi mnenja staršev. Pri odraslih kadilcih smo proučevali motive za kajenje, ugotavljali povezavo med izobrazbo, začetkom kajenja, razlogi za opuščanje, zavedanjem škodljivih posledic in uspešnostjo v zasebnem in poklicnem življenju. Primerjali smo različna stališča in vedenja kadilcev in bivših kadilcev med seboj in ugotavljali spremembe po uvedbi zakona o omejevanju tobačnih izdelkov. Dokazali smo, da starši podpirajo pogovor o kajenju in da se pomembnost veča s starostjo njihovih otrok. Ugotovili smo, da je delež staršev kadilcev takšen kot v drugih študijah. Dokazali smo, da starši pogosto razmišljajo o opustitvi kajenja in da pripisujejo bolezni ključni pomen, ki bi jih motivirala za opuščanje kajenja. Pri mladostnikih, ki so bilo vključeni v zdravstvenovzgojni program smo ugotovili, da 78,6 % učencev, ki so stari 13 let, še ni pokadilo nobene cigarete, kar je bolje kot v drugih študijah. 3 % učencev kadi več kot dvajset cigaret na dan. Glede razmišljanja o kajenju v bodoče smo dobili podatek, da 5,3 % učencev meni, da bodo kadili, ko bodo v srednji šoli, kar je veliko nižji odstotek, kot so dejanski podatki o kajenju v srednjih šolah. Ugotovili smo velik vpliv vrstnikov na začetek kajenja in da med njimi ne poteka izmenjava informacij o škodljivosti kajenja. Pri odraslih kadilcih smo ugotovili, da jih največ kadi zaradi zmanjšanja napetosti, posebno pri tistih, ki pokadijo večje število cigaret, in povečanja prijetnih občutkov in da so le-ti manj zaskrbljeni za svoje zdravje. Ugotovili smo, da na opuščanje kajenja vpliva biološka starost bolj kot leta kajenja, kar morda sovpada s pojavom bolezni in da nižja kot je izobrazba, večji je delež kajenja. Kadilci, ki so zaskrbljeni za svoje zdravje bolj pogosto razmišljajo, da bi opustili kajenje. Ugotovili smo, da zaradi zakona o prepovedi kajenja v zaprtih javnih in delovnih prostorih polovica kadilcev kadi enako, da jih je 10 % opustilo kajenje, ostali pa so zmanjšali število pokajenih cigaret. Potrdili smo, da je med kajenjem in doživljanjem nesreče oziroma neuspešnosti povezava, kar nakazuje, da je kajenje nadomestek oziroma pomoč v nesrečnem in neuspešnem življenju.
Keywords:dejavniki, posledice kajenja, zdravstvena vzgoja, učenci, starši, učitelji, kadilci
Place of publishing:Kranj
Year of publishing:2009
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-11156 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:6494995 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:RUX7CWLH
Publication date in DKUM:07.08.2009
Views:5039
Downloads:454
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FOV
:
MESARIČ, Jožica, 2009, DEJAVNIKI IN INDIVIDUALNE TER ORGANIZACIJSKE POSLEDICE KAJENJA [online]. Master’s thesis. Kranj. [Accessed 23 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=11156
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF SMOKING (INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL)
Abstract:This master thesis deals with factors which effect one's decision to start smoking, examines the prevalence of smoking in various groups of study participants and compares the findings to other studies. In a survey we observed the effects of the Vzgoja za nekajenje health-education programme. In connection with different views and standpoints, we examine the motives for smoking, establish the positive and negative consequences of the smoking ban and compare its individual-level effect on different groups of smokers and non-smokers, and its effect on the organisational level. In the theoretical part we present the findings of other authors which served us for comparison and offered us an insight into the health effects of smoking and the resulting consequences, felt by individuals and society. The studies draw attention to smoking's detriment to health and its belated consequences. Since increasingly younger youths start to smoke, we expect even bigger resulting problems. In our empirical survey we included four groups of survey participants and designed 5 different questionnaires. We interviewed parents, whose children had been entering a non-smoking promotion programme, to see whether they concur on the need of such a programme. In order to examine the problem of passive smoking, a snapshot of smoking prevalence was made. We also tried to learn what motivates smokers to quit smoking. The effects and course of health education was established based on the viewpoints of three surveyed groups: children who attended health workshops, their parents, and their teachers. We tried to determine adult smoker's motives for smoking, and tried to draw a connection between their formal education, their age, at which they started to smoke, their motives for quitting, awareness of harmful consequences, and their success in private life and career. Different standpoints and awareness of smokers and ex-smokers were compared among each other before and after the smoking ban. We established that parents support for discussions regarding smoking increases in association with their children' age. Thee share of smokers was also ascertained to be same as in other studies. It was established that parents often consider quitting smoking and consider illness to be what might most likely encourage them to quit. 78,6 % of youths under 13, included in the health-education programme, were found to have not smoked yet, which is higher than in other studies. 3 % of pupils smoke more than 30 cigarettes a day. Only 5,3 % of pupils believe they will smoke when in high-school, which is far less than actual percentage of high-school smokers. We established child's peers to have a great impact on one's decision to start smoking and found they do not share information of smoking hazards. Adult smokers, especially those who smoke a lot, were most commonly found to smoke in order to alleviate stress and to increase pleasure, and not to be concerned for their physical health. We established that in quitting, age of smokers plays a bigger part than how long they have been smoking, which may accords with appearance of disease, and that there is a bigger percentage of smokers among people with lower education. Smokers concerned about their health more often consider quitting. In regard to the smoking ban, we learnt that half the smokers smoke as much as before, that 10 % quit smoking, whereas the rest smoke fewer cigarettes than before. We confirmed there is a connection between smoking and feeling unhappy or unsuccessful, which hints on smoking serving as a substitute or a help in an unhappy and unsuccessful life.
Keywords:Factors, consequences of smoking, health education, pupils, parents, teachers, smokers


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