| | SLO | ENG | Cookies and privacy

Bigger font | Smaller font

Show document Help

Title:Pravna ureditev raziskav na človeških zarodkoh in njihovih matičnih celicah : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Krneža, Lara (Author)
ID Kraljić, Suzana (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Krneza_Lara_2024.pdf (877,37 KB)
MD5: 2DA35B9E23BE22ED1CBCDAACF4407018
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:V 20. stoletju so z namenom razvoja medicine, preprečevanja genetsko bolnih potomcev in izboljšanja vrste izvajali neetične poskuse na ljudeh. Ti so bili opravljeni brez privolitve žrtev. Zaradi vedno večje ozaveščenosti družbe o človekovih pravicah in napredka pravne znanosti, se je po drugi svetovni vojni začela sprejemati zakonodaja, ki je postavila etične smernice za izvajanje raziskav na ljudeh. Leta 1947 je bil sprejet Nürnberški kodeks, leto kasneje pa je Svetovno zdravniško združenje sprejelo Ženevsko deklaracijo o zdravniških dolžnostih. Pomembne svetovne organizacije so zatem podpisale še Evropsko konvencijo o varstvu človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin, Helsinško deklaracijo o etičnih načelih medicinskih raziskav na ljudeh, Oviedsko konvencijo, Splošno deklaracijo o človeškem genomu in človekovih pravicah, Splošno deklaracijo o bioetiki in človekovih pravicah in Listino EU o temeljnih pravicah. Vsi navedeni pravni akti so pomembno vplivali na pravno ureditev raziskav (na človeških zarodkih in njihovih matičnih celicah) v Sloveniji. Opravljanje medicinskih poskusov na ljudeh brez njihove svobodne privolitve je pri nas prepovedano že z Ustavo Republike Slovenije. Ta določa tudi ostale ustavne kategorije, v luči katerih se morajo izvajati raziskave. Biomedicinske raziskave in kazniva dejanja v zvezi z njimi so opredeljena v Kazenskem zakoniku, ki prepoveduje kloniranje, ustvarjanje človeških zarodkov v raziskovalne (in druge) namene ter izvajanje drugih biomedicinskih posegov. Pravice pacientov ureja Zakon o pacientovih pravicah. Za magistrsko nalogo sta ključnega pomena še Zakon o zdravljenju neplodnosti in postopkih oploditve z biomedicinsko pomočjo, ki ureja raziskave na zarodkih »in vitro«, pridobivanje in raziskovanje na embrionalnih matičnih celicah in Kodeks zdravniške etike, ki določa etične standarde za zdravnike pri izvajanju raziskav na pacientih. Pravna teorija in sodna praksa se pri pravnem urejanju raziskav na človeških zarodkih in njihovih matičnih celicah pogosto srečujeta s kolizijo med dvema ustavnopravnima kategorijama, pravico do življenja (zarodka) in svobodo znanosti. Do te kolizije pogosto prihaja zaradi nerešenega vprašanja o pravnem statusu človeškega zarodka. Evropsko sodišče za človekove pravice je o tem odločalo že večkrat, a enotne rešitve na to vprašanje doslej še ni podalo. Pomembni precedensi ESČP v zvezi z raziskavami na človeških zarodkih in pravnim statusom zarodka so zadeve Evans proti Združenemu Kraljestvu, Vo proti Franciji in Parillo proti Italiji.
Keywords:medicinsko pravo, človekove pravice, medicinska etika, medicinske raziskave, poskusi na ljudeh, evgenika, privolitev, znanstvene raziskave na in vitro zarodkih, in vitro oploditev
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:L. Krneža
Year of publishing:2024
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, 46 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-90406 New window
UDC:342.7:618.177-089.888.11(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:218532355 New window
Publication date in DKUM:11.12.2024
Views:0
Downloads:41
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
:
Copy citation
  
Average score:(0 votes)
Your score:Voting is allowed only for logged in users.
Share:Bookmark and Share


Hover the mouse pointer over a document title to show the abstract or click on the title to get all document metadata.

Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:03.09.2024

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Legal regulation of research on human embryos and their stem cells
Abstract:In the 20th century, unethical human experimentation was conducted to advance medicine, prevent genetically inherited diseases, and improve the human species. These experiments were carried out without the consent of the victims. However, the growing awareness of human rights and advancements in legal science after World War II led to the establishment of ethical guidelines for conducting research on human beings. The Nuremberg Code was adopted in 1947, followed by the Geneva Declaration a year later. Subsequently, major global organizations endorsed various legal frameworks, including the European Convention on Human Rights, the Declaration of Helsinki, the Oviedo Convention, the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights, the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. These legal instruments have significantly influenced the regulation of research involving human embryos and their stem cells in Slovenia. The Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia explicitly prohibits medical experimentation on human beings without their free consent and establishes other constitutional principles under which research must be conducted. The Criminal Code defines biomedical research-related offenses, including the prohibition of cloning, creating human embryos for research purposes, and other biomedical interventions. The Patients' Rights Act governs patients' rights, while the Act on Infertility Treatment and Assisted Reproduction Procedures is particularly relevant for this thesis. This act regulates in vitro embryo research, embryonic stem cell procurement, and research. Additionally, the Code of Medical Ethics outlines the ethical standards physicians must adhere to when conducting research on patients. In the legal regulation of research on human embryos and their stem cells, legal theory and jurisprudence often confront a conflict between two constitutional principles: the right to life (of the embryo) and the freedom of scientific research. The European Court of Human Rights has addressed this issue on several occasions but has yet to provide a definitive solution. Notable cases related to human embryo research and the legal status of the embryo include Evans v. the United Kingdom, Vo v. France, and Parrillo v. Italy.
Keywords:medical law, human rights, medical ethics, medical research, experiments on humans, eugenics, consent, scientific research on in vitro embryos, in vitro fertilization


Comments

Leave comment

You must log in to leave a comment.

Comments (0)
0 - 0 / 0
 
There are no comments!

Back
Logos of partners University of Maribor University of Ljubljana University of Primorska University of Nova Gorica