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Title:Delo otrok v sodobni družbi : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Šaloven, Nuša (Author)
ID Senčur Peček, Darja (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Saloven_Nusa_2024.pdf (1,56 MB)
MD5: 2827E3F442247BE1E4C2E55A8E88144B
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Magistrsko delo obravnava tematiko dela otrok, ki navkljub večletnem trudu s strani mednarodnih organizacij, ostaja pereč problem, tovrstno problematiko pa lahko opazimo tudi v Republiki Sloveniji. V okviru predmetnega dela preverimo, na kakšen način je delo otrok urejeno v okviru različnih mednarodnih organizacij, med katerimi s svojim normativnim urejanjem izstopa Mednarodna organizacija dela. Velik vpliv na tem področju imajo tudi Organizacija združenih narodov, Svet Evrope ter Evropska unija, v okviru katerih delujejo različni nadzorni organi, ki skrbijo, da vse države, ki so zavezane k spoštovanjem njihovih aktov, te uresničujejo tudi v praksi. V Sloveniji normativni vidik dela otrok ureja ZDR-1, posamezna področja pa so podrobneje opredeljena v podzakonskih aktih. Veljavna zakonodaja določa, da je sklenitev delovnega razmerja in opravljanje dela prepovedano pred dopolnjenim 15 letom, vendar ta dopušča določene izjeme. Nacionalna zakonodaja, skladno z normativnimi akti mednarodnih organizacij, določa omejitve in stroge pogoje, pod katerimi lahko delo opravljajo otroci. Pri tem razlikuje med položaji, ko otroci opravljajo delo v okviru izjem, ki so določene za opravljanje dela pred dopolnjenim 15 letom in položaji, ko otroci opravljajo delo skladno s pogodbo o zaposlitvi, učno pogodbo, v okviru volonterskega pripravništva ter na podlagi študentske napotnice. Poleg klasičnih oblik dela otrok magistrsko delo obravnava tudi digitalno delo otrok, ki do sedaj v Sloveniji še ni bilo deležno širše pravne razprave, še manj pa posebne normativne obravnave. Tovrstno delo otrok je po svoji naravi drugačno od večine oblik dela otrok, saj se opravlja predvsem v domačem okolju, zaradi česar velikokrat ni jasno razvidno, da tovrstno udejstvovanje otroka negativno vpliva na njegovo zdravje, počutje, razvoj, moralo ali šolanje. Digitalno delo otrok je v Sloveniji že bilo zaznano in tudi sankcionirano s strani Inšpektorata Republike Slovenije za delo, vendar zgolj v primeru vsebin oglaševalske narave. Ugotovimo, da je konkretne primere digitalnega dela otrok, ki so mlajši od 15 let, mogoče podrediti abstraktno oblikovanim določbam ZDR-1, ki urejajo izjeme od prepovedi dela otrok, vendar pa aktualna normativna ureditev vsebinsko ni v celoti prilagojena za posebnosti, ki izhajajo iz narave digitalnega dela. Prav tako ne obstajajo ustrezna določila, ki bi varovala otroke, ki so že dopolnili 15 let. Skladno z navedenim se zavzemamo za ustrezno prilagoditev že obstoječega pravnega okvirja.
Keywords:delo otrok, otroško delo, izkoriščanje otrok, vplivnostni marketing, družbena omrežja, otroci vplivneži, digitalno delo
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:N. Šaloven
Year of publishing:2024
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (IX, 85 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-90321 New window
UDC:349.2-053.2(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:217678083 New window
Publication date in DKUM:04.12.2024
Views:0
Downloads:48
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:29.08.2024

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Child labour in modern society
Abstract:This Master's thesis addresses the subject of Child Labour, which remains a pressing problem despite years of efforts by international organisations. Its presence can also be observed in the Republic of Slovenia. In the framework of this thesis, we examine how child labour is regulated in the context of various international organisations, among which the International Labour Organization stands out for its normative regulation. The United Nations, the Council of Europe and the European Union also have a major influence in this area, with various monitoring bodies ensuring that all countries, that are committed to their instruments, put them into practice. At the national level, aspects of child labour are mainly regulated by the Employment Relationship Law, but certain limits and obligations are also defined by by-laws. According to the national legislation, it is prohibited to be in an employment relationship or to carry out work before the age of 15. However, there are certain exceptions to this prohibition. The national legislation, in line with the normative acts of international organisations, sets limits and strict conditions under which children may work. In this respect, a distinction is made between situations where children work before the age of 15 and situations where children work under a contract of employment, a learning contract and in the context of a voluntary internship and student work. In addition to the traditional forms of child labour, the master's thesis also examines digital child labour, which has not yet received a broader legal discussion in Slovenia, much less a specific normative treatment. This type of child labour is, by its nature, different from most forms of child labour, as it is carried out primarily in home environment, which often makes it unclear that this type of child engagement has a negative impact on the child's health, well-being, development, moral or education. Digital child labour has already been detected and sanctioned by the Labour Inspectorate of the Republic of Slovenia, but only in the case of promotional social media content. We note that the specific cases of digital work by children under the age of 15 can be applied to the abstractly formulated provisions of the Employment Relationship Law, which regulates exceptions to the prohibition of child labour. However, the current normative framework is not fully adapted to the specificities arising from the nature of digital work. Also, there are currently no provisions to protect children who have already reached the age of 15. Accordingly, we advocate an appropriate adaptation of the existing legal framework.
Keywords:child labour, child work, exploitation of children, influencer marketing, social networks, child influencers, digital labour


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