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Title:Koordinacija fiskalne politike v Evropski uniji
Authors:ID Mohar, Rene (Author)
ID Dajčman, Silvo (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Fir, Nejc (Comentor)
Files:.pdf VS_Mohar_Rene_2024.pdf (1,56 MB)
MD5: DD663411970195F579196ACEDF4BA0E3
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:EPF - Faculty of Business and Economics
Abstract:V zadnjih petnajstih letih je Evropska unija prestala dve gospodarski krizi, prvo v letih 2008 in 2009, drugo pa leta 2020 med pandemijo covida-19. V tem diplomskem delu smo preučili, kako je EU v preteklosti uravnavala fiskalno politiko posameznih držav članic in kako to počne danes. Pri tem opazujemo spreminjanje javnih dolgov držav članic in posamezne probleme, s katerimi so se članice Evropske unije soočale. Leta 2012 so vse države članice, razen Velike Britanije in Češke, podpisale medvladno Pogodbo o stabilnosti in usklajevanju v ekonomski in monetarni uniji, del katere je bil tudi fiskalni pakt (za stabilnost in rast – SGP). Osnovni cilj pakta je zagotoviti vzdržne javne finance, kar naj bi podpiralo druge temeljne makroekonomske cilje (stabilnost cen, gospodarska rast in zaposlenost). Pakt je sestavljen iz preventivnega in korektivnega dela. Preventivni del zagotavlja vzdržno fiskalno politiko čez ekonomski cikel, medtem ko korektivni del odpravlja prekomerne primanjkljaje držav članic. Ob ogledu javnofinančnih prihodkov in odhodkov držav članic smo ugotovili, da je med gospodarsko krizo v letih 2008 in 2009 javnofinančni primanjkljaj držav članic v povprečju narastel za 4,1 % BDP, se nato stalno zmanjševal do leta 2019, ko je ta znašal le še 0,4 % BDP, ter nato med pandemijo covid-19 ponovno narastel na 6,7 % BDP. Ugotovili smo, da so prihodki držav članic skozi leta ostali približno enaki, odhodki pa so se ob pojavu krize povečali, v trudu, da se posledice krize zmanjšajo. V obdobju po veliki recesiji so se vse države članice, razen Estonije, Luksemburga in Švedske, znašle v postopku v zvezi s čezmernim primanjkljajem. Vse države, razen Romunije, so čezmerni primanjkljaj primerno hitro odpravile, Romunija pa je deležna zaporednih postopkov v zvezi s pomembnimi odstopanji v okviru preventivnega dela SGP. Čeprav se postopek odvija vse od leta 2017, Romunija zanj še ni bila sankcionirana.
Keywords:fiskalna politika, fiskalna unija, monetarna unija, bančna unija, gospodarska kriza
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:R. Mohar
Year of publishing:2024
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-89888 New window
UDC:336.1/.7
COBISS.SI-ID:208871171 New window
Publication date in DKUM:25.09.2024
Views:0
Downloads:21
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:EPF
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Licences

License:CC BY-SA 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Description:This Creative Commons license is very similar to the regular Attribution license, but requires the release of all derivative works under this same license.
Licensing start date:16.08.2024

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Coordination of Fiscal Policy in the European Union
Abstract:In the last fifteen years, the EU has experienced two economic crises, the first in 2008 and 2009, and the second in 2020 during the Covid-19 pandemic. In this thesis we examine how the EU has managed the fiscal policies of individual Member States in the past and how it does so today. In doing so, we look at how Member States' public debts have changed and the specific problems that EU Member States have faced. In 2012, all Member States except the UK and the Czech Republic signed the Intergovernmental Treaty on Stability and Coordination in the Economic and Monetary Union, of which the Fiscal Pact (SGP) was a part. The main objective of the Pact is to ensure sustainable public finances, which should support other fundamental macroeconomic objectives (price stability, economic growth and employment). The Pact consists of a preventive and a corrective arm. The preventive arm ensures sustainable fiscal policy over the economic cycle, while the corrective arm tackles Member States' excessive deficits. Looking at Member States' revenue and expenditure, we found that during the economic crisis of 2008-2009, Member States' general government deficits rose by an average of 4.1% of GDP, then declined steadily until 2019, when it stood at just 0.4% of GDP, before rising again during the Covid-19 pandemic to 6.7% of GDP. We found that Member States' revenues remained roughly the same throughout the year, while expenditure increased when the crisis emerged, in an effort to mitigate the effects of the crisis. In the aftermath of the Great Recession, all Member States except Estonia, Luxembourg and Sweden have been in EDP. All countries except Romania have corrected their excessive deficits with reasonable haste, while Romania has been subject to successive significant departure procedures under the preventive arm of the SGP. Although the procedure has been ongoing since 2017, Romania has not yet been sanctioned.
Keywords:fiscal policy, fiscal union, monetary union, banking union, economic crisis


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