Izbira habitata evropskega bobra, Castor fiber (Linnaeus, 1758) glede na abiotske in biotske dejavnike na Goričkem : magistrsko delo

Kološa, Laura

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Title:	Izbira habitata evropskega bobra, Castor fiber (Linnaeus, 1758) glede na abiotske in biotske dejavnike na Goričkem : magistrsko delo
Authors:	ID Kološa, Laura (Author) ID Klenovšek, Tina (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Janžekovič, Franc (Comentor)
Files:	MAG_Kolosa_Laura_2023.pdf (4,17 MB) MD5: 11520BE8A2AD827DA8988B6AAA7CC247
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:	Evropski bober je v Sloveniji in po večini Evrope veljal za izumrlo vrsto, ohranilo se je le nekaj populacij. Po številnih reintrodukcijah po Evropi in uveljavitvi varnostnih ukrepov se je bober vrnil. Sprva je poselil optimalnejše habitate, s povečanjem populacije pa je bil prisiljen poseliti tudi manj ugodne habitate. Do sedaj še ni bilo dobro raziskano, kateri dejavniki v okolju vplivajo na to, da bober izbere nek habitat za svoj teritorij ali ne. V okviru magistrskega dela smo za območje Goričkega na 83-ih naključno izbranih popisnih ploskvah popisali 15 abiotskih in biotskih dejavnikov. Izbrali smo ekološke dejavnike, za katere predvidevamo, da vplivajo na izbiro določene lokacije bobrovega bivanja. Ugotovili smo, da so najpomembnejši dejavniki globina vode (optimalno več kot 40 cm) in premer vodnega telesa (optimalno več kot 4 m). Kot neugodna se je izkazala globina vode, nižja od 15 cm. Višina in naklon brežine vodnega telesa sta manj pomembna, saj bober živi tudi v vodah s strmimi in z visokimi brežinami, pri čemer je bil največkrat odsoten, ko je naklon brežine presegal 60°. Bober ima raje brežine, nižje od dveh metrov, kot neugodne pa štejemo brežine, višje od štirih metrov. Pomemben dejavnik je tudi kopenski habitat ob vodnem telesu. Pri polovici primerov so na Goričkem to bile njive. Čeprav bober v določenem delu leta na njive zahaja po hrano, je gozd z naravno zeliščno vegetacijo pomembnejši vir bobrove prehrane. To je lahko ključen dejavnik naselitve določene lokalitete. Na osnovi rezultatov lahko zaključimo, da na Goričkem še obstajajo lokalitete s primernimi ekološkimi dejavniki, ki bobru omogočajo preživetje.
Keywords:	evropski bober, Castor fiber, habitat, ekološke spremenljivke, Goričko
Geographic coverage:	Goričko (Slovenija);
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Place of performance:	Maribor
Publisher:	[L. Kološa]
Year of publishing:	2023
Number of pages:	X, 72 str.
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-84374
UDC:	636.932.2(497.4)(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	158748675
Publication date in DKUM:	13.07.2023
Views:	527
Downloads:	77
Metadata:
Categories:	FNM
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	31.05.2023

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Habitat selection of european beaver, Castor fiber (Linnaeus, 1758) in relation to abiotic and biotic factors in Goričko
Abstract:	The European beaver was considered extinct in Slovenia as well as in the majority of Europe, with only a few remaining populations. After numerous reintroductions in Europe and the implementation of security measures, the beaver has returned. It inhabited more suitable habitats at first, yet it was forced to move to less convenient habitats as the population increased. The environmental factors impacting the beaver’s decision whether or not to populate a certain area have not been yet wellresearched. In our Master’s thesis we listed 15 abiotic and biotic factors on the 83 randomly selected listed areas in Goričko region. We chose the ecologic factors that we presume affect the choice of a certain location as the beaver’s habitat. We figured the most important factors are water depth (more than 40 cm optimally) and the diameter of the water body (more than 4 meters optimally). A water depth of less than 15 cm proved to be inconvenient. The height and the slope of the water body shore are less significant, since the beaver lives in waters with steep and high shores, where it was mostly absent when the slope exceeded 600. The beaver prefers shores lower than 2 metres, while we consider those higher than 4 metres inconvinient. The significant factor is also a terrestrial habitat next to the water body. In Goričko, fields presented half of such habitats. Even though the beaver searches for food in the fields at the particular time of the year, the forest with its larger herbal population is a more important food source for the beaver. This fact can be a crucial factor in the inhabitation of a particular locality. On the basis of our results we can conclude that in Goričko, there are still localities with proper ecologicalfactors enabling the beaver to survive.
Keywords:	European beaver, Castor fiber, habitat, ecological variables, Goričko

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