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Title:Vaskularni kognitivni upad in vaskularna demenca
Authors:ID Ovčar Štante, Klavdija (Author)
ID Potočnik, Jure (Author)
ID Rakuša, Martin (Author)
Files:.pdf Zdravniski_vestnik_2017_Ovcar,_Potocnik,_Rakusa_Vaskularni_kognitivni_upad_in_vaskularna_demenca.pdf (137,66 KB)
MD5: 5117AC1BE2B420A52BA7D8FDE7D21F10
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/5e17d16d-b641-4c04-aff9-a2c52570d5ab
 
URL http://vestnik.szd.si/index.php/ZdravVest/article/view/1543
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Scientific work
Typology:1.04 - Professional Article
Organization:MF - Faculty of Medicine
Abstract:V razvitem svetu ima 5–10 % prebivalstva nad 65 let demenco, katere pojavnost še vedno narašča. Demence zaradi možganskih žilnih bolezni – vaskularna demenca (VaD) predstavljajo dobro petino vseh vzrokov za demenco. Milejša oblika je vaskularni kognitivni upad (VaKU). Za postavitev diagnoze VaD je pomembno, da sta upad spoznavnih sposobnosti in možgansko-žilna bolezen jasno časovno povezana ter ni popravljivih vzrokov za kognitivni upad. Pri postavitvi diagnoze uporabimo nevropsihološko testiranje in slikovne preiskave. Glavni dejavniki tveganja za VaKU in VaD so starost, ateroskleroza, sladkorna bolezen in arterijska hipertenzija, ki sprožijo kaskado dogodkov v patogenezi kognitivne okvare. Ta je zelo raznolika in poteka z ali brez pridruženih nevroloških simptomov. Klinična slika je odvisna od področja in velikosti možganske spremembe. Pri zdravljenju VaKU in VaD je najbolj pomembna primarna preventiva. Za zdravljenje simptomov VaKU in VaD se uporabljajo enaka zdravila kot za zdravljenje simptomov Alzheimerjeve bolezni. Pomembni sta še rehabilitacija in sekundarna preventiva ponovne možganske kapi. Glavni dejavniki tveganja za VaD so starost, ateroskleroza, sladkorna bolezen in arterijska hipertenzija, ki sprožijo kaskado dogodkov v patogenezi kognitivne okvare. Ta je zelo raznolika in poteka z ali brez pridruženih nevroloških simptomov. Klinična slika je odvisna od področja in velikosti možganske lezije. Pri zdravljenju VaKU in VaD je najbolj pomembna primarna preventiva. Za zdravljenje simptomov VaKU in VaD se uporabljajo enaka zdravila kot za zdravljenje simptomov Alzheimerjeve bolezni. Pomembni sta še rehabilitacija in sekundarna preventiva ponovne možganske kapi.
Keywords:vaskularna demenca, vaskularni kognitivni upad, možganske žilne bolezni, spoznavne sposobnosti
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year of publishing:2017
Number of pages:str. 330-344
Numbering:Letn. 86, št. 7/8
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-68678 New window
ISSN:1318-0347
UDC:616.892.3
ISSN on article:1318-0347
COBISS.SI-ID:6108735 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:ZCFXCBLY
Publication date in DKUM:09.10.2017
Views:3280
Downloads:677
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:Misc.
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Zdravniški vestnik. glasilo Slovenskega zdravniškega društva
Publisher:Slovensko zdravniško društvo
ISSN:1318-0347
COBISS.SI-ID:32893696 New window

Licences

License:CC BY-NC 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Description:A creative commons license that bans commercial use, but the users don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.
Licensing start date:09.10.2017

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Vascular cognitive impairment and vascular dementia
Abstract:In the developed world, five to ten percent of people older than 65 years have dementia. One fifth of dementia etiologies are due to vascular brain lesions (VaD – vascular dementia). A milder form is called vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). The main clinical criteria for VaD are: 1. cognitive decline verified with standardized cognitive test/scale, 2. evidence of the associated vascular brain lesion, 3. excluded reversible causes of cognitive decline. The main risk factors for VaD are age, atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension. They play a key role in pathogenesis of the cognitive impairment. Depending on the damaged brain region, different cognitive domains may be affected with or without other neurological signs. These diversities in the clinical picture challenge the correct diagnosis. Unique feature of VaD is its progression, which can be stopped, if patients receive an appropriate treatment. The treatment of VCI and VaD symptoms is similar to that in Alzheimer’s disease. More importantly, VCI may be slowed down or even stopped with proper secondary stroke prevention and good rehabilitation. The most efficient is primary stroke prevention with healthy lifestyle and treatment of acquired risk factors.
Keywords:vascular dementia, vascular cognitive impairment, vascular brain lesions, cognitive domains, the elderly


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