Vrstna pestrost gozdnih sestojev vzhodnega in zahodnega dela Mariborskega otoka

Karlo, Tamara

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Title:	Vrstna pestrost gozdnih sestojev vzhodnega in zahodnega dela Mariborskega otoka
Authors:	ID Karlo, Tamara (Author) ID Šajna, Nina (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Karlo_Tamara_2015.pdf (3,67 MB) MD5: 0332725415AA2E219D2816B968F26848
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:	Namen magistrske naloge je bil primerjati vrstno pestrost lesnatih in zelnatih vrst dveh gozdnih sestojev, ki se nahajata na Mariborskem otoku. Star gozd in mlajši sestoj v pozni fazi sukcesije smo v letih 2011, 2012 in 2013 primerjali s pomočjo indeksov za kvantificiranje vrstne pestrosti in s pomočjo ovrednotenja značilnosti vrstne sestave, kot aspektom kvalitete združbe. Star gozd pripada ilirsko kolinskemu nevtrofilnemu bukovemu gozdu, mlajši sestoj v pozni fazi sukcesije pa predstavlja ilirski gozd gradna in belega gabra. V mlajšem sestoju je bila predvsem na račun gozdnih grmovnih vrst in pojavljanja posameznih dreves opažena večja vrstna pestrost lesnatih rastlin kot v starem gozdu. Nasprotno pa je bila vrstna pestrost zelnatih vrst podrasti večja v starem gozdu. Približno polovica (53 %) od vseh opazovanih zelnatih vrst podrasti je bila prisotna v obeh sestojih. Za mlajši sestoj v pozni fazi sukcesije je značilnih le 6 % vrst, ki jih najdemo izključno tu, v primerjavi s starim gozdom, na katerega je vezanih 41 % vrst. Abundanca geofitov, ilirskih vrst ter ranljive vrste pasji zob (Erythronium dens-canis) je bila višja v starem gozdu. Pri popisu zelnatih vrst podrasti smo sledili še spremembam v pojavljanju in številčnosti vrst skozi celotno vegetacijsko obdobje, od zgodnje pomladi do jeseni, z namenom ugotoviti, v katerem letnem času je vrstna pestrost največja in kateri popisi so najbolj reprezentativni. V obeh gozdnih sestojih je bila največja pestrost zabeležena poleti, kar pomeni, da je za reprezentativno oceno vrstne pestrosti sestojev najprimernejši poletni čas. Po prvem letu opazovanj se nam je po močnih padavinah v jesenskem času, ki so povzročile poplavo na Mariborskem otoku, ponudila priložnost, da ocenimo, ali ima sestoj z vrstno bogatejšo podrastjo večje zmogljivosti za spopadanje z naravnimi motnjami v obliki poplave kot sestoj z vrstno revnejšo podrastjo. Poplava ni imela vpliva na drevesne vrste, medtem ko je nanos naplavljenega peska spomladi onemogočil izraščanje večine spomladanskih geofitov. V obeh sestojih je poplava zmanjšala abundanco zelnatih vrst podrasti, vendar v mlajšem sestoju veliko izraziteje (80% manj popisanih osebkov). Absolutna vrstna pestrost v obeh sestojih se je povečala, na račun na novo popisanih vrst. Z izsledki naše raziskave lahko zaključimo, da je učinek poplave povezan s številom vrst in vrstno pestrostjo zelnatih vrst podrasti pred poplavo, ki sta vplivala na sposobnost gozdnih sestojev, da se obnovijo po poplavi. Star gozd je zaradi večje vrstne pestrosti zelnatih vrst podrasti in večje poravnanosti lesnatih vrst stabilnejši – odpornejši na spopadanje z naravnimi motnjami v obliki poplave kot mlajši sestoj v pozni fazi sukcesije z manjšo vrstno pestrostjo zelnatih vrst podrasti in nižjo poravnanostjo lesnatih vrst.
Keywords:	rečni otok, Drava, vrstna pestrost, biodiverziteta, β-diverziteta, poplava
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[T. Karlo]
Year of publishing:	2015
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-48183
UDC:	574.1(497.4Mariborski otok)(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	21449480
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:NXHEQXGT
Publication date in DKUM:	15.02.2016
Views:	2239
Downloads:	254
Metadata:
Categories:	FNM
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Species diversity in forest stands in the eastern and western part of the island Mariborski otok
Abstract:	The goal of the thesis was a comparison between species richness of woody and herbaceous plant species in two forest stands, which can be found on the island Mariborski otok. We compared an old forest stand and a late succession forest stand in years 2011, 2012, and 2013 by calculating several biodiversity indices, which enabled the quantification of species richness and stand quality aspect. The old forest belongs to the Illyrian collinar neutrophile beech forest type, while the successional type is an Illyrian calcicline sessile oak-hornbeam forest. Higher biodiversity in the late succession forest was observed on account of shrub species and some younger tree species. Contrary, the richness of herbaceous understorey species was higher in the old forest. Almost a half of all observed herbaceous species (53%) was present in the understorey of both forests. Only 6% of species were unique for the late-succession forest, in comparison to old forest harboring 41% of unique species. The abundance of geophytes and Illyrian species, as well as the vulnerable species Erythronium dens-canis was higher in the old forest. We recorded the abundance of herbaceous species throughout the entire vegetation season in order to define in which season the species diversity is the largest. This also defined the time at which we obtained the most representative results. In both forest types the greatest diversity was observed in the summer. Heavy rain in autumn of the first year was the reason for a 100-year return flood event, which represented an opportunity to evaluate if higher biodiversity in a stand guarantees higher stand stability against disturbances like flood. Even though the flood did not impact woody species, the sand deposition had strong negative effect on herbaceous understorey. Spring geophytes were the most vulnerable group. In both stands the abundance of herbaceous species has declined because of the flood, however, much stronger in the late successional stand (80% less species). The overall species richness in both stands increased because of newly found species not recorded in plots before, even though present on the island. Our results show that the impact of the flood was related to species richness of herbaceous understorey species before the disturbance, showing that more diverse stands have higher resilience toward disturbance. Old forest type with higher species richness of herbaceous understorey species and higher evenness was able to regrow faster than the late succession forest.
Keywords:	river island, Drava River, species richness, biodiversity, β-diversity, flood

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