Filogeografija in populacijska biologija navadnega polha (Rodentia: Gliridae: Glis glis) na jadranskih otokih

Koren, Toni

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Title:	Filogeografija in populacijska biologija navadnega polha (Rodentia: Gliridae: Glis glis) na jadranskih otokih
Authors:	ID Koren, Toni (Author) ID Kryštufek, Boris (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	DOK_Koren_Toni_2015.pdf (3,93 MB) MD5: A1C17AA5B8C2FF3163AA9D997B23DC33
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Doctoral dissertation
Typology:	2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:	FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:	Navadni polh, Glis glis, je vrsta glodavca, ki je splošno razširjena v Evropi, severni Turčiji, na Kavkazu in v severnem Iranu. Areal vrste se večinoma prekriva z območjem listopadnega gozda. Polh je hibernator, občutljiv tako na klimatske kakor tudi druge okoljske dejavnike, zatorej je pomemben bioindikator okoljskih sprememb. Namen raziskave je bil pridobiti vpogled v biologijo otoške populacije navadnega polha in analizirati filogenetsko strukturo šestih otoških populacij v Jadranu. Zanimalo nas je ali so otoške populacije podvržene t.i otoškemu efektu. Za primerjavo smo uporabili podatke dolgoročnega monitoringa vrste na Kočevskem rogu. Grobe značilnosti populacij so bile zelo podobne, saj smo pri obeh opazili pojave absentizma, izpada razmnožavanja in zimske hibernacije. Populacija z otroka Cres kaže jasne znake otoškega efekta: višjo populacijsko gostoto, nižji reproduktivni vložek po posamezniku (vključujoč manjše velikosti legla) ter počasnejše pridobivanje teže pri juvenilnih primerkih. Opažene so bile manjše razlike med aktivno dobo, celotna telesna teža pa se med populacijama skoraj ni razlikovala. Pri filogenetskem delu raziskave smo analizirali strukturo jadranskih populacij navadnega polha, ki so bile ločene od celine po glacialni transgresiji pred približno 10 kya. Navadni polh je dobro vgnezden v širok arhepelaški biogeografski sistem, predvidoma zaradi svoje in-situ preživetja v času izolacije celotnega sistema. Če je temu tako, genetski profil otoških populacij ni bil izpostavljen učinku ozkega grla pred ≈2 kya, ter je tako obdržal genetsko diverziteto celine. Hipotezo smo preverili z analizo fragmenta gena za citokroma b pri 50 polhih s šestih otokov, 10 primerkih z vzhodnojadranskih polotokov (Istra in Pelješac), ene lokacije v Srbiji ter treh lokacij iz Makedonije. Dva nova haplotipa iz Makedonije sta sovpadala z makedonsko filogeografski linijo, medtem kot je preostalih 9 haplotipov tvorilo nepodprto podlinijo (Jadranska haplo-skupina) znotraj široko razširjene Evropske linije. Šest jadranskih haplotipov je bilo endemičnih za določen otok in samo en haplotip je bil prisoten tako na otoku kakor na celini. Zgolj 1-2 mutacijska koraka sta ločila endemične otoške haplotipe od Evropske linije. Predpostavljen časovni okvir ločitve (i.e. 2 kya) otoških populacij polha ne sovpada z okoljsko dinamiko Jadranske regije v času zadnjega glacialnega vrhunca.
Keywords:	Glis glis, otoška biogeografija, otoški efekt, populacijska biologija, filogeografija, citokrom b
Place of publishing:	[Maribor
Publisher:	T. Koren]
Year of publishing:	2015
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-47319
UDC:	599.322.2:575.8:591.5(497.57/.58)(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:	21376264
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:CZPKHPTC
Publication date in DKUM:	27.05.2015
Views:	2121
Downloads:	246
Metadata:
Categories:	FNM
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Phylogeography and population biology of edible dormouse (Rodentia: Gliridae: Glis glis) on the Adriatic islands, Croatia.
Abstract:	Edible dormouse, Glis glis, is a rodent species distributed across Europe, northern Turkey, Caucasus and northern Iran, where its range mainly coincides with the deciduous forest zone. It is obligatory hibernator, sensitive to climate change and other environmental factors and as such an important bioindicator of environmental changes. The aim of this study was to gain an insight into the biology of an island population of the edible dormouse and to analyse the phylogeographic structure of the island populations on six Adriatic islands. In the population biology part of the study we were interested whether the island population shows signs of the island syndrome, which is common in most island rodent populations. For the comparison, data from the long term monitoring in Kočevski Rog, Slovenia, were used. The robust characteristics of both populations were very similar and included absenteeism, reproductive skipping and hibernation. The population from Cres island showed some of clear signs of the island syndrome: greater population size and higher density, lower reproductive input per individual (including smaller litter size) and lower mass gaining in juveniles. Small differences were found in the activity period, and almost no difference was found in the body mass between the two populations. In the phylogeographic part of the study, we analysed genetic structuring of the edible dormice populations occupying the landbridge Adriatic islands which were isolated from the mainland after a transgression of glacial meltwater at about 10 kya. The edible dormouse is well nested into a system-wide biogeography of the archipelago, presumably the consequence of its in situ persistence since the insularisation of the entire system. If so, the genetic profile of island populations was not affected by the presumed population bottleneck at ≈2 kya and possibly retained an ancestral genetic diversity which eroded on the mainland. To test the hypothesis, we explored a fragment of a cytochrome b gene in 50 dormice from six islands and further 10 individuals from two eastern Adriatic peninsulas (Istria and Pelješac), one locality in Serbia and three localities in Macedonia. Two new haplotypes from Macedonia clustered into the Macedonian phylogeographic lineage, while the remaining 9 haplotypes formed an unsupported sublineage (the Adriatic haplogroup) within a widespread European lineage. Six Adriatic haplotypes were endemic to a particular island and only one haplotype was shared between the islands and the mainland. A mere 1–2 mutational steps separated the endemic island haplotypes from the widespread haplotype which concurs with the postulated recent population expansion of the European lineage. On the other hand, the suggested timing of the event (i.e. 2 kya) cannot be related with certainty to the environmental dynamics of the Adriatic region since the Last Glacial Maximum.
Keywords:	Glis glis, island biogeography, island syndrome, population biology, phylogeography, Cytochrome b

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