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Title:ZAŠČITA GEOGRAFSKIH OZNAČB V ZDA IN V EU TER ODNOS DO VARSTVA GEOGRAFSKE OZNAČBE V OBEH SISTEMIH, S POUDARKOM NA ZAŠČITI GEOGRAFSKIH OZNAČB VIN IN OSTALIH IZDELKOV IZ GROZDJA
Authors:ID Ložar Glumac, Mojca (Author)
ID Repas, Martina (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Lozar_Glumac_Mojca_2011.pdf (1,71 MB)
MD5: 1AB6C33BFB64343F912BDB8543CF6330
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/495db5c1-68b1-4d6e-8f4d-6073f26cca82
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Magistrska naloga obravnava področje zaščite geografskih označb s poudarkom na geografskih označbah vina in ostalih izdelkov iz grozdja v EU in v ZDA, podobnosti, razlike in odnos do zaščite med obema sistemoma. Danes namreč ni več dovolj, da je izdelek različen od drugih, mora biti tudi med najboljšimi. Ker se geografske označbe in označbe porekla razlikujejo od drugih pravic intelektualne lastnine, ki nakazujejo kakovost, predvsem od blagovne znamke, je potrebno, da sta pri izdelku z geografskim poreklom ali označbo porekla le-ti ključnega pomena pri izdelavi poslovne strategije umeščanja na tržišče, saj se z njo lahko poveča tržnost in vrednost izdelkov široke porabe, od vina in žganih pijač do riža ali sira. Naloga obravnava zgodovinski razvoj geografskih označb, kjer je posebno poglavje namenjeno Sporazumu TRIPS, ker so pred Sporazumom TRIPS določbe, ki obravnavajo geografske označbe, le predpisale splošne obveznosti za pravna sredstva in prepustile vse druge težave pri nadzoru notranjemu pravu vsake posamezne države. Dodatno poglavje je namenjeno nadaljevanju TRIPS pogajanj in analizi predlogov, ki so jih glede zaščite geografskih označb predlagale različne države. Naloga ravno tako podrobno obravnava razvoj zaščite geografskih označb in trenutno veljavno zakonodajo znotraj EU (s posebnim podpoglavjem o slovenski zakonodaji), kjer je zaščita natančno opredeljena s sui generis sistemom priznavanja in zaščite geografskih označb, katerega vsebinska struktura ponuja pristop, ki je tesneje povezan s kmetijstvom, razvojem podeželja in varovanja okolja, kot je z intelektualno lastnino. Podrobneje je opisana tudi reforma vinskega sektorja, ki jo je sprejela Komisija EU leta 2007 in je usmerjena v večjo konkurenčnost proizvajalcev v EU, ponovno pridobitev trgov, uravnoteženje ponudbe in povpraševanja, poenostavitev pravil, ohranjevanje najboljših tradicij vinarstva EU, utrditev družbenega tkiva podeželskih območij in varstvo okolja ter je s seboj prinesla nove direktive in uredbe, ki so ravno tako podrobneje opisane v nalogi, kakor tudi njihov vpliv na zaščito geografskih označb. Obravnavana je tudi zaščita geografskih označb v ZDA, kjer geografska označba nima tako velike vloge kot v EU in je zato zaščitena preko sistema blagovnih znamk, vina in izdelki iz grozdja pa so dodatno zaščiteni tudi z določbami ATF. Sistema zaščite v EU in ZDA se razlikujeta v mnogih pogledih, se je skozi čas pojavilo veliko konfliktov med obema ureditvama, kar prikazujeta tudi dva primera, orisana v nalogi: Budweiser in Zinfandel. Obstaja veliko debat in posameznih mnenj, zakaj naj bi se sprejel ameriški ali evropski predlog zaščite geografskih označb, vendar pa se ne ve natančno kako se kupci odločajo pri nakupu vin – ali jim je cena najpomemnejša, ali poznajo pomen terroirja, ali jim geografska označba pomeni obljubo kakovosti itd. V nalogi je zato v zadnjem poglavju prikazana raziskava med ameriškimi in britanskimi potrošniki kako se odločajo pri nakupu vina v restavracijah ali v trgovinah in kaj so najpomembnejši dejavniki pri nakupni odločitvi.
Keywords:Geografska označba, Označba porekla, Zaščita geografske označbe ZDA, Zaščita geografske označbe EU, Zinfandel, Budweiser, Sporazum TRIPS, Reforma vinskega sektorja, Uredba 510/2006, Uredba 491/2009, Blagovne znamke EU, Blagovne znamke ZDA
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[M. Ložar Glumac]
Year of publishing:2011
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-21297 New window
UDC:34(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:4290603 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:NLVRXXMI
Publication date in DKUM:25.11.2011
Views:3184
Downloads:452
Metadata:XML RDF-CHPDL DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:THE PROTECTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS OF ORIGIN IN THE USA AND THE EU AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PROTECTION IN BOTH LEGAL SYSTEMS With an emphasis on the protection of the geographical protection of wines and other grape-based products
Abstract:The thesis deals with the scope of the protection of geographical indications, with a focus on geographical indications of wines and other products from grapes in the EU and the U.S., their similarities, differences and relationships between the two systems of protection. In the current economy, it is not sufficient that the product differs from other items targeting a similar niche; it must be among the best. As geographical indications and designations differ from other intellectual property rights - those that indicate quality, especially from the trademarks - it is necessary to state that with any product with a geographical designation or appellation of origin these two are crucial in developing the business strategy of market placement, since they can effectively increase the marketability and value of consumer goods, from wine and spirits to rice or cheese. The thesis deals with the historical development of geographical indications, which is introduced as a special chapter on the TRIPS Agreement, as the TRIPS Agreement provisions dealing with geographical indications only prescribed general limitations and obligations for legal actions, and left all other problems in the control of the domestic law of each country. An additional chapter is devoted to the TRIPS negotiations, and an analysis of the proposals for the protection of geographical indications suggested by different countries. This thesis also closely examines the development of protection of geographical indications and reviewes the current law within the EU (with special sub-section of the Slovenian legislation), where protection is clearly defined by an effective sui generis system for the recognition and protection of geographical indications, of which the structure provides an approach that is more closely associated with agriculture, rural development and environmental protection as intellectual property. It, in addition, also describes in detail the wine sector reform as adopted by the EU Commission in 2007 which aims to increase the competitiveness of EU producers, win back markets, balance supply and demand, simplify rules, preserve the best traditions of EU wine production, reinforce the social fabric of rural areas and environmental protection, and has brought with it new directives and regulations, which are also described in detail, as well as their impact on the protection of geographical indications. Also addressed is the question of protections of geographical indications in the U.S., where the geographical indication do not play as big of a role as they do within the EU, and are therefore protected through a system of trademarks; moreover products from wine grapes are further protected by the provisions of the ATF. The systems of protection in the EU and the U.S. differ in many respects, and have therefore seen a lot conflicts arising between the two systems, which two examples outlined in the thesis are showing: Budweiser and Zinfandel. There are many discussions and individual opinions, when taking into regard why the U.S. or EU should adopt one or the other proposal to protect geographical indications, however, this does not define exactly how consumers decide to buy wine – is it the price the deciding factor, or do they know the meaning of terroir, or is a geographical indication an implied promise of quality, etc. The thesis, therefore, in the last chapter showcases a study among American and British consumers and their choices regarding how to, or rather, how they buy wine in restaurants or in stores; and the most important factors in purchasing decisions are in those markets.
Keywords:Geographical Indication, Appellation of Origin, Protection of Geographical Indication USA, Protection of Geographical Indication EU, Zinfandel, Budweiser, TRIPS, Wine sector reform, Regulation 510/2006, Regulation 491/2009, Trademarkts EU, Trademarks USA


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