1. Ozonation of amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin in model hospital wastewater to increase biotreatabilitySeverina Aleksić, Andreja Žgajnar Gotvajn, Katarina Premzl, Mitja Kolar, Sonja Šostar-Turk, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Amoxicillin (AMX) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) are antibiotics commonly used in human medicine with high environmental toxicity and poor biodegradability. They have been found in various hospital effluents and groundwater, and their environmental impact is still not fully understood. In this work, we investigated the possibility of treating model wastewaters containing the antibiotics AMX and CIP using ozonation, with the addition of H$_2$O$_2$ under various conditions, including different pH values, H$_2$O$_2$, and ozone dosages. The quantification of and treatment efficacy for antibiotic removal were determined via solid phase extraction followed by chromatographic separation by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). This analytical system is quite efficient for the detection of all major antibiotic classes, even if they are present at very low concentrations. The efficiency of ozonation was determined by measuring the TOC (Total Organic Carbon) changes after ozonation of the model wastewater and by measuring the concentration of the two antibiotics. In a sequential activated sludge process of ozone-treated model wastewater, almost complete TOC removal and an overwhelming decrease in antibiotic concentrations (up to 99%) were observed. Ozonation resulted in complete removal of AMX and CIP in less than 30 and 120 min, respectively. The results of this work indicate that ozonation could be a suitable pretreatment method to reduce the toxicity of contaminants (AMX and CIP) and improve the biodegradability of hospital wastewater.
Keywords: antibiotics, amoxicillin, AMX, ciprofloxacin, CIP, hospital wastewater, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, sludge, water treatment
Published in DKUM: 06.08.2024; Views: 75; Downloads: 14
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3. Improving decentralized economic growth and reducing energy consumption in the European Union with the application of ecologically oriented innovationsNiko Natek, Boštjan Krajnc, 2020, professional article Abstract: This article presents applicable approaches for supporting the transition towards sustainable decentralized economic development within the European Union, based on the concept of supporting the development and market uptake of eco-innovations. The main topic addressed is achieving a more effective market uptake of ecologically oriented innovations facilitated through matchmaking, as well as knowledge and technology transfer between key actors of the innovation process.
Keywords: Energy efficiency, Ecology, Innovation, Economy, waste-water treatment, constructed wetlands, green-house gas emissions, EU
Published in DKUM: 15.11.2023; Views: 450; Downloads: 7
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4. Reduction of sludge volume in waste waters at the end of the drinking water treatment processRebeka Fakin, 2018, master's thesis Abstract: Water treatment at Seierstad drinking water treatment plant is done by chemical coagulation using aluminum-based coagulant. The quality of the drinking water source – Lake Farris, has decreased throughout the years, that is why more and more particles, organic matter and dissolved minerals must be removed. That contributes to the volume of sludge being produced at the end of the process. The main objective of the assignment is to reduce sludge volume by coagulation and flocculation in the sedimentation basins using a coagulant/flocculent. In order to choose the right coagulant tests have been performed in the laboratory and on the actual process. The laboratory analyses showed great potential and one of the coagulants has been chosen and tested on the actual process. The testing was followed up for the entire summer of 2016 and then compared to the year before. We have been following the pH and Al3+ content in the water being released back to the environment and visibility in the top water layer in the sedimentation basin. Cost analysis, including the cost of chemicals and electricity usage, has been done. The sludge reduction was successful, and it was approximately 49% less than the year before.
Keywords: Water treatment, lake Farris, sludge treatment using coagulation and flocculation, effects of aluminum on the environment.
Published in DKUM: 09.03.2018; Views: 1569; Downloads: 145
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5. Magnetic field effects on redox potential of reduction and oxidation agentsMojca Božič, Lucija Črepinšek-Lipuš, Vanja Kokol, 2008, original scientific article Abstract: Redox potentials of two reducing (sodium dithionite and glucose) and two oxidizing (hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite) agents were monitored at various concentrations and at different temperatures for 30-75 minutes after the exposure of their water solutions (glucose and hypochlorite solutions once; sodium dithionite and hydrogen peroxide solutions one, two and/or three-times) to the static magnetic field of flux density of 0.9 V s M-2 . The aim of the investigation was to suggest improvements, i.e., intensification and stability, of the reduction-oxidation ability of selected agents applicable in textile fibre processing, primarily bleaching and vat dyeing. Results of the experiments show that magnetic treatment (of solutions) raises both the reducing ability of glucose and the oxidation ability of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, promising some technological and economical benefits for the textile industry as well as forother fields of chemistry.
Keywords: magnetic water treatment, sodium dithionite, glucose, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, redox potential, textile vat processing
Published in DKUM: 05.07.2017; Views: 1207; Downloads: 129
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6. Kinetic studies of catalytic ozonation of atrazineBrigita Tepuš, Marjana Simonič, 2008, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of our work was to degrade atrazine by the ozone treatment of both a model and the original drinking water samples, using Pt-catalyst, and to evaluate the performance of this catalyst. The rate constant for the reaction of atrazine with ozone was determined in the model water sample. The activation energies and the reaction orders of ozone decomposition were determined in both the model and the drinking water samples. Ozone treatment using Pt-catalyst has some influence on the loss of atrazine in the sources of drinking water. The concentration of some metabolites in the model and drinking water was observed during ozone treatment. The toxicity of atrazine to crustacean Daphnia magna in the original drinking water and in the ozone treated water samples was also assessed.
Keywords: ozone, Pt-catalyst, atrazine, water treatment, waste water, kinetics
Published in DKUM: 05.07.2017; Views: 1352; Downloads: 86
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7. The influence of electrogalvanic device on scalingMarjana Simonič, Irena Ban, 2013, original scientific article Abstract: The use of an electrogalvanic device for scale neutralisation is descibed in this paper. Physico-chemical analyses were performed before and after the treatment. The results were compared with those obtained by using magnetic water treatment device. By measuring some individual parameters and the implementation of chemical analysis, the satisfactory functioning of the electrogalvanic device was demonstrated. The quality of drinking water did notchange much after the water treatment method. The results of determination of calcium carbonate saturating index showed that the raw drinking water is incarbonate equlibrium as well as both treated water samples. The calcite/aragonite ratio was studied by means of microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Inspection of crystals formed during the experiments with microscopy indicated that aragonite crystal structure of the precipitates prevailed over the calcite stucture. The diffractograms showed that the share of aragonite increased after using the electrogalvanic device compared with raw drinking water samples where the share of calcite was higher.
Keywords: water treatment, electrogalvanic device, calcite, aragonite
Published in DKUM: 03.04.2017; Views: 1847; Downloads: 377
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8. The influence of physico-chemical parameters on water scale precipitation on washing machines' heatersDanijela Urbancl, Darko Goričanec, Jurij Krope, 2007, professional article Abstract: The paper presents the results of analysis of physico - chemical parameters influence on the intensity of water scale precipitation on washing machines heaters. Washing machines of the same producer were, to this end, modified to an endless cycle of washing with the same amount of cotton fabric at the same conditions. On the basis of various experiments it was determined that water hardness, the amount of exceeded carbon dioxide, water turbulence around the heater, the amount of cotton fibres in water exceeded from fabrics, and heater specific heat strength have the key role in water scale building up in washing machines heaters.
Keywords: magnetic water treatment, magnetic hydrodynamics, water scale, calcium carbonate, scale prevention, washing machine, electrical heater
Published in DKUM: 21.12.2015; Views: 1882; Downloads: 132
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