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1.
How does educational background shape the perception of cybercrime? : a survey of computer science and law students on selected controversial issues
Andrzej Uhl, Andrzej Porębski, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Purpose: The technical dimensions of cybercrime and its control have rendered it an inconvenient subject for many criminologists. Adopting either semantic (legal) or syntactic (technical) perspectives on cyber criminality, as theorised by McGuire, can lead to disparate conclusions. The aim of this paper is to examine how these perspectives and corresponding educational backgrounds shape opinions on cybercrime and cybercrime policy. Design/Methods/Approach: To address this research question, we first provide a non-exhaustive review of existing critical literature on a few selected controversial issues in the field, including cyber vigilantism, file sharing websites, and political hacking. Based on these areas, we developed an online survey that we then distributed among students of law and computer science, as well as to a ‘non-cyber contrast group’ including mainly students of philology and philosophy. Findings: Statistical analysis revealed differences in the way respondents approached most of the issues) to most of the issues, which were sometimes moderated by the year of studies and gender. In general, the respondents were highly supportive of internet vigilantism, prioritised the cybercrimes of the powerful, and encouraged open access to cybersecurity. The computer science students expressed a lower fear of cybercrime and approved of hacktivism more frequently, while the law students affirmed a conservative vision of copyrights and demonstrated higher punitiveness towards cyber offenders. Interestingly, the computer science students were least likely to translate their fear of cybercrime into punitive demands. Research Limitations/Implications: The findings support the distinction between various narratives about cybercrime by showing the impact of professional socialization on the expressed opinions. They call for a consciously interdisciplinary approach to the subject and could be complemented by a comprehensive qualitative inquiry in the perception of cyber threats. Originality/Value: The authors wish to contribute to the understanding of the construction of cybercrime on the border of criminal law and computer science. Additionally, we present original data which reveal different views on related issues held by potential future professionals in both areas.
Ključne besede: cybercrime, cyber victimisation, cyber punitiveness, internet crime
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.01.2023; Ogledov: 496; Prenosov: 10
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2.
Environmental victims : challenges for criminology and victimology in the 21st century
Matthew Hall, 2011, pregledni znanstveni članek

Opis: Purpose: This paper addresses the issue of ‘environmental victimisation’ (harm to individuals suffered as a result of environmentally damaging activities) and asks what role criminologists in general and vicitmologists in particular will have to play as our understanding of the consequence of climate change and other environmental degradation develops still further. Design/Methods/Approach: The paper draws on a social harms approach to argue for an extended definition of such victimisation, beyond restrictive legal categories. Findings: Clear parallels are demonstrated between the subjects of ‘green criminology’ with more ‘mainstream’ victimological and criminological developments (in the academy and in policy making circles internationally). This demonstrates the relevance of ‘environmental harm’ to existing and long-standing debates talking place in both areas, including those concerning the nature of victimisation and the responsibilities of the state to those victimised. The argument is illustrated through a discussion of various classifications of environmental harm, including harm to health, security, the economy, social and cultural impacts and the unequal distribution of such impacts around the world and between different socioeconomic groups. Practical implications: The implications of the paper are that a great deal more research needs to be carried out by criminologists and victimologists on the subject of ‘environmental; harm’, and indeed these scholars are likely to be increasingly approached for views/data on this issue in the coming years. Such developments therefore need to be recognised by funding bodies, Universities and so on.
Ključne besede: environmental harm, critical criminology, victimisation, victimology, green crime
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.05.2020; Ogledov: 1227; Prenosov: 79
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