1. Methodology for estimating the effect of traffic flow management on fuel consumption and CO2 production : a case study of Celje, SloveniaBorut Jereb, Ondrej Stopka, Tomáš Skrúcaný, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: The manuscript discusses the investigation of vehicle flow in a predesignated junction byan appropriate traffic flow management with an effort to minimize fuel consumption, the productionof CO2, an essential greenhouse gas (hereinafter referred to as GHG), and related transport costs.The particular research study was undertaken in a frequented junction in the city of Celje, located in the eastern part of Slovenia. The results obtained summarize data on consumed fuel and produced CO2 amounts depending on the type of vehicle, traffic flow mixture, traffic light signal plan, andactual vehicle velocity. These values were calculated separately for three different conditions of traffic flow management. Amounts of fuel consumed were experimentally investigated in real traffic situations, whereas CO2 production was calculated by applying the actual European standardentitled EN 16258:2012 associated with a guideline for measuring emission values, as well as by examining specific traffic flow parameters. The key objective of the manuscript is to present multiple scenarios towards striving to minimize environmental impacts and improve transport operation's economic consequences when implementing proper traffic flow management. As for crucial findings, we quantified fuel consumption and CO2 emissions based on real data on the number and type of vehicles crossing the examined intersection and traffic light switching intervals. The results show that most of the CO2 was produced while waiting and in the accelerating phase in front of traffic lights, whereby in the running phase through the intersection, significantly less fuel was used. This study represents a mosaic fragment of research addressing endeavors to reduce CO2 production in urban transport. Following the experiments conducted, we can see a notable contribution towards reducing CO2 production with known and tested interventions in the existing transport infrastructure. A procedure embracing individual research steps may be deemed as an approach methodology dealing with traffic flow management with an aim to decrease the environmental and economic impacts oftraffic and transport operation; this is where the novelty of the research lies.
Keywords: traffic flow management, urban transport, CO2 production, greenhouse gas, fuel consumption, methodology, logistics, crossroads
Published in DKUM: 19.08.2024; Views: 66; Downloads: 3
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2. Premature seizure of traffic flow due to the introduction of evolutionary gamesMatjaž Perc, 2007, original scientific article Abstract: We study the impact of evolutionary games on the flow of traffic. Since traffic participants do not always conform to the imposed rules, the introduction of games, i.e. set of strategies defining the behavioural pattern of agents on the road, appears justified. With this motivation, and the fact that individuals can change their strategy in the course of time, the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game is introduced between neighbouring agents, enabling them to choose between cooperation and defection. Mutual cooperation enables forwarding to both agents for one step, while the defector is able to advance two steps when facing a cooperator, whereby the latter is forced to go one step backwards. Two defectors end up in a halt until the next iteration. Irrespective of their strategy, however, agents can move only if the road ahead is free. Jumps are never allowed. We show that this simple and plausible supplementation of the discrete cellular automaton Biham-Middleton-Levine (BML) model induces a traffic flow seizure by a substantially lower initial density of cars as in the absence of evolutionary games. The phenomenon is explained by studying the one-dimensional variant of the BML model with different advancement steps on the circular ring. In view of the proposed explanation, findings are generalized also to other types of games, such is the snowdrift game, and some statistical properties of gridlock formation in the presence of evolutionary rules are outlined. Our findings suggest that 'bending the law' results in a premature occurrence of traffic jams and thus unnecessarily burdens the transportation system.
Keywords: dynamic systems, traffic flow, theory of games, evolutionary rules, flow simulations, prisoner's dilemma
Published in DKUM: 03.07.2017; Views: 1114; Downloads: 399
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3. Roundabout arm capacity determined by microsimulation and discrete functions techniqueTomaž Tollazzi, Matjaž Šraml, Tone Lerher, 2008, original scientific article Abstract: The paper demonstrates the influence of the multi-channel pedestrian flow on the actual capacity of a one-lane roundabout, using micro-simulation and discrete functions. The proposed model is based on the theory of the expected time gap between the units of pedestrian traffic flow, which have the priority when crossing the arm of the roundabout. The proposed model represents an upgrade of the previous research in the field of modelling traffic flows in the one-lane roundabout.Apart from the multi-channel pedestrian flow the disturbances caused by the circular traffic flow of motorised vehicles at the roundabout are also considered. In this way the model can better illustrate the real conditions in traffic. A simulation analysis has been performed on the roundabout arm at Koroška Street in Maribor. The results of the analysis have indicated a relatively high reserve of the actual throughput capacity for the main motorized traffic flow in the analysed roundabout arm. The presented model represents a practicable and adaptable tool for planning the roundabout capacity in practice and for the sensitivity analysis of individual variables on the throughput capacity of the roundabout.
Keywords: roundabouts, traffic flow analysis, micro-simulation modelling, capacity analysis
Published in DKUM: 05.06.2017; Views: 1577; Downloads: 162
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4. Modeling of city logisticsSabrina Trafela, 2013, master's thesis Abstract: Master thesis has it's fundamentals in the use of theoretical methods for modeling purposes on the case study of city logistics and modeling of traffic flow and transportation problem on the city of Győr, Hungary.
In practical part, we made a measurements of traffic flow on street sections in the city of Győr. With Android application, we gathered necessary data. We also prepared maps of the route sections of the city from various entry points to the final, destination point. Purpose of our thesis was finding the optimal solution for the delivery to the city centre with the use of strategic games.
Final step was a preparation of mathematical model in Mathematica programming environment, which gave us results, but most important is the development of the model itself. Model is constructed in a way that can be use in various possible situations and on different city centres or case studies.
Keywords: city logistics, strategic games, Nash Equilibrium, modeling of traffic flow
Published in DKUM: 17.10.2013; Views: 2183; Downloads: 136
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5. The use of micro-simulation in determining the capacity of a roundabout with a multi-channel pedestrian flowTomaž Tollazzi, Tone Lerher, Matjaž Šraml, 2008, original scientific article Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of the multi-channel pedestrian flow on the capacity of the one-lane roundabout, using discrete simulation methods. The proposed model is based on the theory of the expected time void between the units of pedestrian traffic flow, which have the priority when crossing the arm of the roundabout. The proposed model represents an upgrade of the previous research in the field of modelling traffic flows in the one-lane roundabout. While the previous model of the pedestrian crossing is handled as the single-channel system in which the pedestrians arrive randomly from one side of the pedestrian crossing only, the proposed model deals with the multi-channel system in which the pedestrians arrive randomly from both sides of the pedestrian crossing. In thi sway the mathematical model can better illustrate the real conditions. The previous model considers only the disturbances of entry traffic flow of motorised vehicles caused by the pedestrian flow crossing the roundabout arm. The proposed model considers the disturbances caused by the circular traffic flow of motorised vehicles as well. A simulation analysis has been conducted on the roundabout at Koroška Street in Maribor, in which the counting of the motorised traffic flow and the pedestrian flow has been performed in the morning peek hour. The results of the analysis have indicated a high reserve of the capacity for pedestrians who arrive from the left and right sides of the roundabout with regard to motorised vehicles in the analysed arm of the roundabout. The real reserve of the capacity would otherwise be smaller in case of enlargement of the motorised vehicle flow in the future. Nevertheless it would be high enough for an undisturbed traffic flow of motorised vehicles through the roundabout to be possible. The presented methodology represents a practicable and adaptable tool for planning the roundabout capacity in practice and for the sensitivity analysis of individual variables on the throughput capacity of the roundabout.
Keywords: roundabout, pedestrian flow, traffic flow modeling, simulation models
Published in DKUM: 31.05.2012; Views: 2081; Downloads: 55
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