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Porous beads from multiple emulsions with thiol-ene polymerisation : magistrsko delo
Stanko Kramer, 2019, master's thesis

Abstract: This thesis aims to explain the process of porous bead synthesis. The porous beads were prepared from a multiple emulsion water-in-oil-in-water (W/OW) system. The W/O/W multiple emulsion was made up of a High Internal Phase Emulsion (HIPE (primary emulsion)) and a suspension phase. The HIPE consisted of pentaerythritol tetrakis (3 mercaptopropionate) (TT) in combination with either divinyl adipate (DVA) or trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and an internal phase volume fraction of 80 %. The suspension phase consisted of an aqueous phase with dissolved surfactants which stabilised the secondary emulsion. The surfactants which stabilised the secondary emulsion were polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP K90). The polymerisation was carried out thermally at first for 24 hours and later under UV light and daylight, as the thermally initiated polymerisation was unsuccessful due to coalesence. The beads that were obtained using the photoinitiated polymerisation were porous with a mostly bicontinuous structure and varying diameters. The viscosity of the primary emulsion (HIPE) had the greatest influence on the stability of the entire W/O/W emulsion. By adding more than 5 wt. % of toluene to the primary emulsion, the emulsion broke down and did not successfully polymerise. Another important factor was the ratio of the functional groups in the case of TT-co-TMPTA, which greatly affected the yield and structure of the obtained beads. The diameters of the spherical particles were dependent on the viscosity, monomer ratio and surfactant used in the suspension phase. The inner structure of the beads was mostly bicontinuous with occasional pores that resembled a polyHIPE structure. The obtained beads had a yield of up to 80 % in the case of TT-co-DVA and a yield of up to 90 % in the case of TMPTA-co-DVA
Keywords: polyHIPE, thiol-ene, suspension polymerisation, porous beads, HIPE
Published in DKUM: 17.09.2019; Views: 1586; Downloads: 227
.pdf Full text (3,56 MB)

8.
Double diffusive natural convection in a horizontal porous layer with the boundary domain integral method
Renata Jecl, Janja Kramer Stajnko, Leopold Škerget, 2009, original scientific article

Abstract: We present the boundary-domain integral method, one of the numerical methods for solving the transport phenomena in porous media. The results for the case of double diffusive natural convection in a porous horizontal layer, which is fully saturated with an incompressible fluid, are obtained. Modified Navier-Stokes equations were used to describe the fluid motion in porous media in the form of conservation laws for mass, momentum, energy and species. Several results for different cases of double diffusive natural convection in a porous horizontal layer are presented and compared with some published studies in which calculations with other numerical methods were performed.
Keywords: porous media, boundary domain integral method, double diffusive natural convection, Darcy-Brinkman equation
Published in DKUM: 06.06.2018; Views: 1171; Downloads: 68
.pdf Full text (454,56 KB)
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9.
Probing ion dynamics in a clay-water system with dielectric spectroscopy
Marko Samec, Dean Korošak, Bruno Cvikl, 2007, original scientific article

Abstract: Dielectric spectroscopy characterization of clay-water mixtures is presented and the obtained spectra are analysed. A theoretical model for ion dynamics isproposed in which motion of ions in pore space electrolyte is interrupted by trapping events at the mineral surfaces. The typical time scales for these processes are given in terms of the physical properties of the material. It isshown that the microscopic motion of the ions in a complex environment of clay-water system can be described with fractional dynamics leading to subdiffusive behavior.
Keywords: soil mechanics, dielectric spectroscopy, porous material, conductivity, fractional dynamics
Published in DKUM: 18.05.2018; Views: 1156; Downloads: 73
.pdf Full text (105,00 KB)
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