1. Artificial intelligence-based approaches for advance care planning : a scoping reviewUmut Arioz, Matthew John Allsop, William D. Goodman, Suzanne Timmons, Kseniya Simbirtseva, Izidor Mlakar, Grega Močnik, 2025, review article Abstract: Background Advance Care Planning (ACP) empowers individuals to make informed decisions about their future healthcare. However, barriers including time constraints and a lack of clarity on professional responsibilities for ACP hinder its implementation. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) could potentially optimise elements of ACP in practice by, for example, identifying patients for whom ACP may be relevant and aiding ACP-related decision-making. However, it is unclear how applications of AI for ACP are currently being used in the delivery of palliative care. Objectives To explore the use of AI models for ACP, identifying key features that influence model performance, transparency of data used, source code availability, and generalizability. Methods A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley framework and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Electronic databases (Scopus and Web of Science (WoS)) and seven preprint servers were searched to identify published research articles and conference papers in English, German and French for the last 10Â years’ records. Our search strategy was based on terms for ACP and artificial intelligence models (including machine learning). The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of included studies. Results Included studies (N = 41) predominantly used retrospective cohort designs and real-world electronic health record data. Most studies (n = 39) focused on identifying individuals who might benefit from ACP, while fewer studies addressed initiating ACP discussions (n = 10) or documenting and sharing ACP information (n = 8). Among AI and machine learning models, logistic regression was the most frequent analytical method (n = 15). Most models (n = 28) demonstrated good to very good performance. However, concerns remain regarding data and code availability, as many studies lacked transparency and reproducibility (n = 17 and n = 36, respectively). Conclusion Most studies report models with promising results for predicting patient outcomes and supporting decision-making, but significant challenges remain, particularly regarding data and code availability. Future research should prioritize transparency and open-source code to facilitate rigorous evaluation. There is scope to explore novel AI-based approaches to ACP, including to support processes surrounding the review and updating of ACP information.
Keywords: advance care planning, digital tools, palliative care, artificial intelligence, machine learning
Published in DKUM: 29.10.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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2. Supply chain integrity : addressing ethical concerns in agricultural supply chainsPaul Mukucha, Thulani Dube, Divaries Cosmas Jaravaza, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Ethics has become a trending phenomenon in most disciplines as a result of the sustainability wave enshrined in the United Nations Sustainability Goals (SDGs). In business circles procurement ethics have become topical as a result of the rising malpractices whose ripple effects have far reaching economic, social and environmental consequences. In the agricultural supply chains procurement ethics have been called to question due to outcries from the tobacco contract farmers whose livelihoods are affected by supplier development washing in the form of exorbitantly priced contract farming inputs. The unethical practice of supplier development washing in the form of exorbitantly priced tobacco contract farming inputs has some ripple effects which this study sought to determine. Twenty-five contracted tobacco farmers were interviewed and the results indicated that farmers subjected to tobacco merchants’ unethical conduct tend to practice contractor switching, side marketing, become insolvent, and indulge in unorthodox cost cutting measures. The study recommended that the regulatory authorities should intervene to bring sanity to the tobacco supply chains through enforcing contract farming mechanisms that reflect genuine supplier development.
Keywords: information and communication technology, supply chain efficiency, SMEs and material requirement planning
Published in DKUM: 28.10.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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3. Business model Canvas of a company for organizing cultural experiences and presentations in hotel lobbies : 1st cycle professional bachelor's studies graduate thesisVasilisa Nesterova, 2025, undergraduate thesis Abstract: This thesis explores how art exhibitions and cultural events held in hotel lobbies can become a successful business model. The concept combines hospitality and cultural tourism to create unique experiences for hotel guests while generating financial benefits for hotels. The study applies the Business Model Canvas (Osterwalder and Pigneur, 2010) to develop a clear business plan, which analyses customer segments, value propositions, revenue streams, and cost structures. The primary customers are hotels and tourists. Hotels benefit from increased guest loyalty and additional revenues, while tourists enjoy a richer cultural experience. A financial comparison of two event formats shows that both can be profitable. A small setup model has a higher profit margin (27.06%), while a medium setup model with a lower profit margin (19.24%) offers a broader range of services. Interviews with hotel managers, artists, and tourism experts confirm strong interest in these events highlighting, however, marketing, logistics and budgeting challenges. The thesis concludes that incorporation of cultural events into hotel services attracts more guests, strengthens hotel branding, and supports local artists making it a promising business opportunity.
Keywords: Cultural Tourism, Hotels and Hospitality, Business Model Canvas, Art Exhibitions, Event Planning
Published in DKUM: 27.10.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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4. Introducing Public Participation Methods into the Pedagogical ProcessBarbara Pavlakovič Farrell, Marko Koščak, 2025 Abstract: The textbook "Introducing Public Participation Methods into the Pedagogical Process" highlights the importance of the involvement of different communities in processes for planning tourism development. In the introductory part, the concept of public participation in tourism planning processes is presented. The reasons for and levels of public involvement in development processes are explained. The textbook also presents examples of good practices in cooperation with the local community from Slovenia and abroad. The textbook then focuses on the public involvement process itself, where the individual stages of participation are described. Next, concrete advice is given regarding the organisation of events where the public are involved. In particular, public participation techniques, which can be used in cooperation with various stakeholders, are highlighted. At the end, the textbook presents examples of the inclusion of local participation in the study process at the Faculty of Tourism of the University of Maribor. It provides a draft work plan for future examples of including cooperation with communities in the study process.
Keywords: public participation, tourism planning, cooperation, stakeholders, public participation techniques
Published in DKUM: 25.08.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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5. Geographical information system modeling for planning internal transportation in a manufacturing plant’s outdoor areaKlemen Prah, Brigita Gajšek, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: A geographical information system (GIS) is an advanced tool for collecting, managing, and analyzing spatially-referenced data. The contribution of GIS use to process performance indicators can be improved by combining it with multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). Combining a GIS and MCDA is, in the scientific literature, rarely discussed for planning an internal transportation system in a manufacturing plant’s outdoor area. The purpose of this article is to clarify what mangers can expect from using a combined approach when deciding on a transport fleet and the operational routing of vehicles. Beside the simulation of MCDA, the computer software ArcGIS Pro 3.0.2 with the Network Analyst extension was used for modelling the transportation system in the form of a case study. The article demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of GIS and MCDA use and reveals the extent of the challenge of how decision makers could make the most of ArcGIS functionality. The final solution for an internal transportation system in a manufacturing plant’s outdoor area includes such a vehicle fleet and the set time windows of orders for transport services, so that there are no violations of time windows and the work is completed within the work shift while minimizing costs, time, and distance. Decision makers can use the program without advanced knowledge of optimization approaches, following a procedure that does not differ much from that of learning to use other business software tools. On the contrary, the listed disadvantages can be summarized as the rigidity of setting detailed boundary conditions for a specific simulation scenario.
Keywords: geographical information system, internal outdoor area transport, decision support system, vehicle fleet, planning
Published in DKUM: 18.07.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 3
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6. Improving personalized meal planning with large language models: identifying and decomposing compound ingredientsLeon Kopitar, Leon Bedrač, Larissa Jane Strath, Jiang Bian, Gregor Štiglic, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background/Objectives: Identifying and decomposing compound ingredients within meal plans presents meal customization and nutritional analysis challenges. It is essential for accurately identifying and replacing problematic ingredients linked to allergies or intolerances and helping nutritional evaluation. Methods: This study explored the effectiveness of three large language models (LLMs)—GPT-4o, Llama-3 (70B), and Mixtral (8x7B), in decomposing compound ingredients into basic ingredients within meal plans. GPT-4o was used to generate 15 structured meal plans, each containing compound ingredients. Each LLM then identified and decomposed these compound items into basic ingredients. The decomposed ingredients were matched to entries in a subset of the USDA FoodData Central repository using API-based search and mapping techniques. Nutritional values were retrieved and aggregated to evaluate accuracy of decomposition. Performance was assessed through manual review by nutritionists and quantified using accuracy and F1-score. Statistical significance was tested using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests based on normality. Results: Results showed that large models—both Llama-3 (70B) and GPT-4o—outperformed Mixtral (8x7B), achieving average F1-scores of 0.894 (95% CI: 0.84–0.95) and 0.842 (95% CI: 0.79–0.89), respectively, compared to an F1-score of 0.690 (95% CI: 0.62–0.76) from Mixtral (8x7B). Conclusions: The open-source Llama-3 (70B) model achieved the best performance, outperforming the commercial GPT-4o model, showing its superior ability to consistently break down compound ingredients into precise quantities within meal plans and illustrating its potential to enhance meal customization and nutritional analysis. These findings underscore the potential role of advanced LLMs in precision nutrition and their application in promoting healthier dietary practices tailored to individual preferences and needs.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, food analysis, LLM, Ilama, GPT, mixtral, ingredient identification, ingredient decomposition, personalized nutrition, meal customization, nutritional analysis, dietary planning
Published in DKUM: 08.05.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 2
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7. From resistance to acceptance: The role of NIMBY phenomena in sustainable urban development and tourismDaniela Dvornik Perhavec, Rok Kamnik, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The role of NIMBY (“Not in My Backyard”) phenomena in sustainable urban development and tourism was analyzed, with a focus on stakeholder dynamics and implications for spatial planning. Based on an analysis of worldwide case studies, the main barriers and opportunities presented by these phenomena were identified, including the impact of project preparation time (tp) and benefit realization time (tb ). A mixed methods approach was used, combining qualitative analysis of case studies with quantitative evaluation of project timelines. The results show that effective stakeholder engagement significantly reduces tp, while maximizing tb increases long-term benefits for communities and the environment. This research emphasizes the systemic interdependence of urban planning, environmental sustainability, tourism, and cultural heritage preservation, offering actionable insights for policymakers and developers. The conclusions emphasize the importance of participatory approaches to ensure equitable and sustainable urban transformation.
Keywords: NIMBY, spatial planning, sustainable urban development, sustainable tourism, maintenance, cultural heritage, tourism impact, project preparation, (negative) indirect benefit
Published in DKUM: 02.04.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 3
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8. Geotechnical aspects of N(H)bSs for enhancing Sub-Alpine mountain climate resilienceTamara Bračko, Primož Jelušič, Bojan Žlender, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Mountain resilience is the ability of mountain regions to endure, adapt to, and recover from environmental, climatic, and anthropogenic stressors. Due to their steep topography, extreme weather conditions, and unique biodiversity, these areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change, natural hazards, and human activities. This paper examines how nature-based solutions (NbSs) can strengthen slope stability and geotechnical resilience, with a specific focus on Slovenia’s sub-Alpine regions as a case study representative of the Alps and similar mountain landscapes worldwide. The proposed Climate-Adaptive Resilience Evaluation (CARE) concept integrates geomechanical analysis with geotechnical planning, addressing the impacts of climate change through a systematic causal chain that connects climate hazards, their effects, and resulting consequences. Key factors such as water infiltration, soil permeability, and groundwater dynamics are identified as critical elements in designing timely and effective NbSs. In scenarios where natural solutions alone may be insufficient, hybrid solutions (HbSs) that combine nature-based and conventional engineering methods are highlighted as essential for managing unstable slopes and restoring collapsed geostructures. The paper provides practical examples, including slope stability analyses and reforestation initiatives, to illustrate how to use the CARE concept and how NbSs can mitigate geotechnical risks and promote sustainability. By aligning these approaches with regulatory frameworks and climate adaptation objectives, it underscores the potential for integrating NbSs and HbSs into comprehensive, long-term geotechnical strategies for enhancing mountain resilience.
Keywords: mountain resilience, climate change, nature-based solutions (NbSs), hybrid solutions (HbSs), geotechnical planning, slope stability, landslides
Published in DKUM: 31.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 9
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9. Integrating participatory approaches and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) for barrier analysis and ranking in urban mobility planningUroš Kramar, Marjan Sternad, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This study examines the barriers to implementing sustainable mobility strategies in small municipalities by integrating participatory and multi-criteria decision-making methods. A triangulated approach combines the nominal group technique (NGT), focus groups (FGs), and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) to systematically identify, refine, and rank key barriers. The NGT enables stakeholders to list and prioritize barriers individually, ensuring balanced participation. FG discussions then refine and contextualize these barriers, addressing qualitative depth. Finally, the FAHP quantitatively ranks the barriers while accounting for uncertainty in stakeholder judgments. The results highlight systemic constraints, such as financial limitations and regulatory inefficiencies, alongside local challenges like inadequate infrastructure and public resistance. Integrating the NGT, FGs, and the FAHP enhances the analytical rigor by merging structured decision-making with participatory engagement. This methodological innovation strengthens the reliability of barrier assessment and offers a replicable framework for urban mobility planning. The findings underscore the need for locally tailored strategies that balance stakeholder inclusion with structured prioritization, contributing to improved governance in sustainable transport planning.
Keywords: sustainable mobility planning, urban mobility, participatory governance, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, local governance, barriers to implementation, FAHP
Published in DKUM: 26.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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10. Mapping the Transformation potential of streets using urban planning parameters and open spatial datasetsKaja Pogačar, Andrej Žižek, Peter Šenk, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Streets with an increasingly important place function play a significant role in the contemporary discourse on sustainable cities. The paper addresses urban streets that, observed from the urban planning perspective, have the potential to be transformed into either commercial or residential shared streets. After defining urban planning parameters identified as characteristic of shared streets, streets were quantified based on an analysis of the existing shared streets in Central Europe. By setting up distinctive scenarios that could help to detect specific types of streets, open spatial datasets were used for the mapping and identification of streets that could be transformed into shared streets. The methodology was tested on the example of the city of Maribor in Slovenia. The results of the research show that the selected urban planning parameters can help to identify streets with transformation potential, whereas the basic parameters, such as the building use and the length and width of the street, help us to better understand the urban fabric in which street spaces acquire new functions. The presented mapping method could serve as a testing tool for experts, planners, decision-makers, and the interested public to identify potential street transformations.
Keywords: street transformation potential, urban planning parameters, mapping, shared space, shared streets, open spatial datasets, GIS
Published in DKUM: 13.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 5
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