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1.
A global analysis of the impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home restrictions on crime
Amy E. Nivette, Gorazd Meško, Renee Zahnow, Raul Aguilar Ruiz, Andri Ahven, Amram Shai, Barak Ariel, María José Arosemena Burbano, Roberta Astolfi, Dirk Baier, Hyung-Min Bark, Joris E. H. Beijers, Marcelo Bergman, Gregory Breetzke, Alberto Concha-Eastman , Sophie Curtis-Ham, Ryan Davenport, Carlos Díaz, Diego Fleitas, Manne Gerell, Kwang-Ho Jang, Juha Kääriäinen, Tapio Lappi-Seppälä, Woon-Sik Lim, Rosa Loureiro Revilla, Lorraine Green Mazerolle, Noemí Pereda , Noemí Pereda , Maria Fernanda Peres, Rubén Poblete-Cazenave, Simon Rose, Robert Svensson, Nico Trajtenberg, Tanja Van der Lippe, Joran Veldkamp, Carlos Javier Vilalta Perdomo, Manuel P. Eisner , 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The stay-at-home restrictions to control the spread of COVID-19 led to unparalleled sudden change in daily life, but it is unclear how they affected urban crime globally. We collected data on daily counts of crime in 27 cities across 23 countries in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. We conducted interrupted time series analyses to assess the impact of stay-at-home restrictions on different types of crime in each city. Our findings show that the stay-at-home policies were associated with a considerable drop in urban crime, but with substantial variation across cities and types of crime. Meta-regression results showed that more stringent restrictions over movement in public space were predictive of larger declines in crime.
Ključne besede: criminology, crime, pandemic, restrictions, stay-at-home, analysis
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.10.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,63 MB)
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2.
Endogenous social distancing and its underappreciated impact on the epidemic curve
Marko Gosak, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Heinrich H. Nax, Matjaž Perc, Bary S. R. Pradelski, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Social distancing is an efective strategy to mitigate the impact of infectious diseases. If sick or healthy, or both, predominantly socially distance, the epidemic curve fattens. Contact reductions may occur for diferent reasons during a pandemic including health-related mobility loss (severity of symptoms), duty of care for a member of a high-risk group, and forced quarantine. Other decisions to reduce contacts are of a more voluntary nature. In particular, sick people reduce contacts consciously to avoid infecting others, and healthy individuals reduce contacts in order to stay healthy. We use game theory to formalize the interaction of voluntary social distancing in a partially infected population. This improves the behavioral micro-foundations of epidemiological models, and predicts diferential social distancing rates dependent on health status. The model's key predictions in terms of comparative statics are derived, which concern changes and interactions between social distancing behaviors of sick and healthy. We ft the relevant parameters for endogenous social distancing to an epidemiological model with evidence from infuenza waves to provide a benchmark for an epidemic curve with endogenous social distancing. Our results suggest that spreading similar in peak and case numbers to what partial immobilization of the population produces, yet quicker to pass, could occur endogenously. Going forward, eventual social distancing orders and lockdown policies should be benchmarked against more realistic epidemic models that take endogenous social distancing into account, rather than be driven by static, and therefore unrealistic, estimates for social mixing that intrinsically overestimate spreading.
Ključne besede: COVID-19, pandemic, disease dynamics, exponential growth, virality
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.08.2024; Ogledov: 121; Prenosov: 7
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,88 MB)
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3.
Changes in use of communication channels by livestock farmers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Karmen Erjavec, Marjan Janžekovič, Milena Kovač, Mojca Simčič, Andrej Mergeduš, Dušan Terčič, Marija Klopčič, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The study aims to identify any changes in the communication channels used by Slovenian livestock farmers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the main (dis)advantages of relying on them. An online survey was completed by 502 Slovenian farmers of various farm enterprises in winter 2020/2021. Most respondents generally used telephone, e-mail, and the internet to obtain agricultural information before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, farmers increasingly relied on online conferences and social networking sites. At the same time, younger farmers and farmers with a higher education level used digital channels the most frequently, with men doing so more often than women. Digital channels were primarily used by cattle and horse farmers, while cattle farmers showed the greatest online conference participation. Respondents reported having more time to spend with their families and animals as an advantage and the lack of face-to-face interaction with other farmers and advisers as a disadvantage of such communication patterns. As the study reveals differences in the use of communication channels during the COVID-19 pandemic by various farmers, a new communication strategy is needed that involves the use of appropriate communication channels to provide farmers with agricultural information both during the COVID-19 situation and later.
Ključne besede: COVID-19 pandemic, livestock farmers, communication channels, (dis)advantages of communication
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.08.2024; Ogledov: 80; Prenosov: 11
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4.
Disaggregated data on age and sex for the first 250 days of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bucharest, Romania
Marian-Gabriel Hâncean, Maria Cristina Ghiţǎ, Matjaž Perc, Jürgen Lerner, Iulian Oană, Bianca-Elena Mihǎilǎ, Adelina Alexandra Stoica, David-Andrei Bunaciu, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Experts worldwide have constantly been calling for high-quality open-access epidemiological data, given the fast-evolving nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Disaggregated high-level granularity records are still scant despite being essential to corroborate the effectiveness of virus containment measures and even vaccination strategies. We provide a complete dataset containing disaggregated epidemiological information about all the COVID-19 patients officially reported during the first 250 days of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bucharest (Romania). We give the sex, age, and the COVID-19 infection confirmation date for 46.440 individual cases, between March 7th and November 11th, 2020. Additionally, we provide context-wise information such as the stringency levels of the measures taken by the Romanian authorities. We procured the data from the local public health authorities and systemized it to respond to the urgent international need of comparing observational data collected from various populations. Our dataset may help understand COVID-19 transmission in highly dense urban communities, perform virus spreading simulations, ascertain the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions, and craft better vaccination strategies.
Ključne besede: disaggregated data, age, sex, COVID-19, pandemic, Romania
Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.07.2024; Ogledov: 92; Prenosov: 7
.pdf Celotno besedilo (3,24 MB)
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5.
Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected mathematics achievement? : a case study of university students in social sciences
Anja Žnidaršič, Alenka Brezavšček, Gregor Rus, Janja Jerebic, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: This study examines the effects of COVID-19-related measures on the mathematics achievement of university students in social sciences in Slovenia. Our particular concern was to compare two student populations (pre-pandemic and pandemic) in terms of factors affecting student performance in mathematics courses. Data were collected over nine consecutive academic years (from 2013–2014 to 2020–2021) and analyzed using two-stage structural equation modelling (SEM). The analyses confirmed that the conceptual model developed before the pandemic was applicable during the pandemic period. For both populations (pre-pandemic and pandemic), mathematics confidence, perceived level of math anxiety, background knowledge from secondary school, and self-engagement in mathematics courses at university were confirmed as factors influencing mathematics achievement. Moreover, both populations perceived the effects of the factors in the same way, and the magnitude of the effects is comparable. The rather high values of determination coefficient for mathematics achievement (greater than 0.66 for both student populations) indicate that the variables “Perceived Level of Math Anxiety” and “Self-Engagement in Mathematics Course at University” together explain a significant proportion of the total variance before and during the pandemic. Consequently, the results of our case study indicated that pandemic measures did not have a significant impact on our students’ mathematics achievement. Although a more in-depth study of a broader sample of academic courses would be needed to confirm our findings, our experience indicates that mathematics courses at the tertiary level of education can be successfully delivered online.
Ključne besede: COVID-19, mathematics achievement, university students, social sciences, pre-pandemic population, pandemic population, comparison, multi-group structural equation modeling (MG-SEM)
Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.07.2024; Ogledov: 112; Prenosov: 4
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,64 MB)
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6.
SME top management perception of environmental uncertainty and gender differences during COVID-19
Sabina Veršič, Polona Tominc, Tjaša Štrukelj, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Environmental scanning has become increasingly crucial for an organisation’s existence and a matter of interest for scholars and professionals. This research presents an outline of the situation in the field of multidimensional environmental scanning, focusing on Slovenian micro, small and medium sized organisations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the paper aims to examine if top managers perceive the multidimensional (external) environment as uncertain and if there have been gender differences in multidimensional (external) environmental uncertainty perception during the COVID-19 pandemic. We researched the field of ecological, social, technological, economic, and political–legal environments. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test and descriptive statistics were used to test the research hypotheses. The results show that top managers are not aware enough of multidimensional environmental uncertainty. They do not perceive the ecological and social environment as unpredictable at all. Among the studied environments, they perceive the political–legal environment as most unpredictable. There are no statistically significant gender differences in perceptions of ecological, social, technological, economic, and political–legal environmental uncertainty. We suggest SME top managers pay more attention to environmental uncertainty and use environmental scanning methods to achieve more sustainable development.
Ključne besede: strategic management, environmental uncertainty, ecological environment, social environment, technological environment, economic environment, political–legal environment, SME top managers, COVID-19 pandemic, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.07.2024; Ogledov: 146; Prenosov: 19
.pdf Celotno besedilo (688,83 KB)
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7.
Crisis management and CSR in Slovenian companies : the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
Duško Uršič, Andrej Smogavc Cestar, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The main aim of this article was to outline how the appearance of COVID-19 changed the global competitiveness of Slovenian companies through the lenses of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and crisis management. Based on concepts of CSR and crisis management, we analyzed the responses of companies to ensure their competitiveness in a crisis situation. Two surveys among managers in Slovenian companies were carried out, one in March 2020 (N = 618) and the other in May 2020 (N = 486). Our results showed that internationally oriented companies responded more comprehensively and proactively to the challenges of doing business in the COVID-19 crisis compared to the companies that had operated mainly in the domestic market during this period. The analysis also showed that internationally oriented companies responded to the COVID-19 crisis with more comprehensive measures also using the concept of CSR and crisis management in comparison with companies that, in the time of the pandemic, operated mainly in the domestic market and used fewer principles of CSR and crisis management. The main theoretical implications of this survey are related to CSR development. They emphasize the interdependent importance of experience and impact in international business in connection with the concept of CSR and crisis management in times of COVID-19. Practical implications include proposals to streamline operations to maintain competitiveness and to take advantage of new business opportunities and effects, which are also encouraged through the use of the CSR concept and crisis management.
Ključne besede: COVID-19, pandemic, companies, competitiveness, CSR, crisis management, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.07.2024; Ogledov: 135; Prenosov: 17
.pdf Celotno besedilo (284,11 KB)
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8.
Confronting SARS-CoV-2 infection : patients’ experience in the first pandemic wave - cross-sectional study
Maja Sočan, Vanja Erčulj, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The aim of the study was to investigate the real-life experience of persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Slovenia in the first pandemic wave and how the buffering effect of social and informational support affected negative feelings. We used a self-administrated questionnaire. There were 1182 eligible notified cases with the response rate 64.9%. At least 62% of responders were able to follow the isolation rules, while 21.1% did not or could not organize their living separately from other household members. The main providers during the isolation period were close family members. The most prevalent emotion in our study was worry (70.3%) and fear (37.6%). Worry and fear during the illness were less probable for men than women, but more probable for older patients. Participants with strong emotional support had lower odds of being sad. Those who were exposed to a larger number of sources of information had higher odds of being worried. Those patients who used a higher number of more credible sources of information had higher odds of being afraid during illness. Pets did not play a special role in psychological well-being. The role of the media and public health communications should be explored further to achieve an improved response.
Ključne besede: COVID-19, first pandemic wave, isolation, information, social support, feelings, stigma
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.07.2024; Ogledov: 147; Prenosov: 12
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,32 MB)
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9.
STEMI patients in the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in northeast Slovenia - a retrospective, single-center observational study
Andreja Sinkovič, Manja Kraševec, David Šuran, Martin Marinšek, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the outcomes of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in most countries. We aimed to retrospectively assess the admissions, treatments, complications, and mortality of STEMI patients in the northeast of Slovenia during the first (March–May 2020) and second waves (October–December 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare them with data from 2019 (March–October). Comparing 2019 and both waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed nonsignificant differences in the number of STEMI admissions, baseline characteristics, use of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within the first 3 (40.5%* vs. 38.7% vs. 25%*, *p = 0.074) or 6 h, TIMI III flow after primary PCI, and hospital complications, as well as significant increases in hospital heart failure (23.3% vs. 42%, p = 0.015) and mitral regurgitation in the second wave (10% vs. 26.9%, p = 0.008) of the pandemic and a nonsignificant increase in hospital mortality (8.9% vs. 9.4% vs. 13.6%) during both waves of the pandemic. We conclude that, due to the increased severity of the COVID-19 pandemic in the second wave, there were longer delays to primary PCI in STEMI patients, resulting in significantly increased hospital heart failure and non-significantly increased hospital mortality.
Ključne besede: ST-elevation myocardial infarction, COVID-19, time delay, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, heart failure, mortality, pandemic
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.07.2024; Ogledov: 134; Prenosov: 15
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,04 MB)
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10.
Healthy and entrepreneurial work environment for older employees and its impact on work engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic
Maja Rožman, Polona Tominc, Katja Crnogaj, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Managing older employees is a major challenge for companies, especially during COVID-19. Therefore, creating a healthy and entrepreneurial work environment as well as an inclusive culture within organizations is crucial for companies to maintain their sustainable advantage. The main objective of this paper is to develop a multidimensional model of a healthy and entrepreneurial work environment for older employees and determine its impact on their work engagement during COVID-19. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The results show that workplace health promotion, entrepreneurial working conditions, and leadership lead to better well-being of older employees. In addition, entrepreneurial working conditions that promote intergenerational synergy lead to higher work engagement of older employees, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. For the elderly, the entrepreneurial work environment is therefore particularly important, even though entrepreneurship is mostly attributed to younger men. In addition, older employees’ well-being and the promotion of intergenerational synergy have a positive impact on their work engagement. The results will help companies better manage their older employees, shape their workplace, and increase the sustainable benefits of their businesses during and after the COVID-19 crisis.
Ključne besede: older employees, health promotion, entrepreneurial work environment, business competitiveness, COVID-19 pandemic
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.07.2024; Ogledov: 123; Prenosov: 12
.pdf Celotno besedilo (445,44 KB)
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