1. Assembly transport optimization for a reconfigurable flow shop based on a discrete event simulationS. L. Yang, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMSs) are widely used to produce small batches of customized products in the current manufacturing environment. We comprehensively optimized the assembly transport strategy, production process, and production configuration of a reconfigurable flow shop (RFS). Firstly, three assembly transfer strategies, one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many, are proposed for an RFS, given the specific process limitations. In addition, a production simulation model of the RFS is established by the Plant Simulation software to verify and compare those three strategies with realistic production constraints considered. Moreover, the production processes are optimized, and the optimal buffer configuration and vehicle configuration are optimized by the design of experiment (DOE) method. After the optimization processes, the throughput and facility utilization under each strategy increases significantly. Additionally, the optimal buffer size and vehicle quantity under each strategy are determined and compared. The one-to-one strategy can maximize the production output, but it requires the most production resources. In addition, the many-to-many strategy is more efficient than the one-to-many strategy. Our study provides a variety of assembly transport strategies for an RFS and offers an efficient optimization method for production performance and production configuration.
Keywords: Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems, discrete event simulation, assembly transport strategy, optimization, plant simulation, reconfigurable flow shop, production configuration, simulation modelling
Published in DKUM: 13.01.2026; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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2. Integrating simulation modelling for sustainable, human-centred Industry 5.0: ESG-based evaluation in collaborative workplacesRobert Ojsteršek, Aljaž Javernik, Borut Buchmeister, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This research explores the role of simulation modelling in the development of human-centred, sustainable manufacturing processes in the context of Industry 5.0. We analyse collaborative workplaces where humans and collaborative robots (CR) work together, emphasizing the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria. The research work focuses on how personalized CR parameters and optimized work environments contribute to improved productivity, well-being, and sustainability. Through simulations, the paper evaluates the operational efficiency of both manual assembly and human-robot collaborative (HRC) setups, providing insight into the economic, environmental, and social impacts of Industry 5.0 manufacturing systems. The results show significant improvements in sustainability, productivity, and worker well-being achieved through adaptive CR integration and ESG-driven engineering practices.
Keywords: human-centred manufacturing, simulation modelling, sustainability – ESG, industry 5.0, collaborative workplace, human-robot interaction, assembly process
Published in DKUM: 28.08.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 3
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3. Understanding determinants of management simulation games adoption in higher educational institutions using an integrated technology acceptance model/technology–organisation–environment model : educator perspectiveMirjana Pejić Bach, Maja Meško, Ana-Marija Stjepić, Sarwar Khawaja, Fayyaz Hussain Quershi, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background and Methods: A primary survey of a multi-national sample of
higher institutional educators has been conducted to investigate the determinants of the
adoption of management simulation games. The research model is developed based on
the technology acceptance model (TAM) and technology–organisation–environment (TOE).
Structural equation modelling has been used to test the research model. The paper focuses
on the use of management simulation games among educators in higher educational
institutions (HEIs). Its purpose is to determine the factors influencing educators’ use of
these games from both individual and institutional perspectives. The TAM captures the
individual perspective, while the TOE framework addresses the institutional perspective.
The structural equation model confirmed most of the TAM hypotheses. Results: However,
the model does not support the hypotheses regarding the relationship between perceived
ease of use and attitude toward usage or between perceived ease of use and perceived
usefulness. The technological factors within the TOE framework did not significantly
impact perceived usefulness, only perceived ease of use. Conclusion: The combined TAMTOE model has demonstrated valid representativeness. Previous research on the usage of
management simulation games has primarily focused on students, neglecting the broader
perspective of educators in HEIs in business and economics within both the TAM and
TOE frameworks.
Keywords: management simulation games, TAM, TOE structural equation modelling, intention to use, adoption
Published in DKUM: 26.08.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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4. Advancing nanofluid numerical modelling: A novel Euler–Lagrange method with experimental validationNejc Vovk, Blaž Kamenik, Elif Begum Elcioglu, Erdem Ozyurt, Ziya Haktan Karadeniz, Alpaslan Turgut, Jure Ravnik, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: We present a novel approach to numerical modelling of thermal nanofluids based on the Euler–Lagrange method. This approach overcomes the challenge of extremely fine temporal discretization, which previous Euler–Lagrange nanofluid numerical models struggled to address, while also avoiding the need for too many Lagrangian nanoparticles. A numerical uncertainty assessment method is adapted for the proposed approach. The model is validated with a simple verification case and applied to simulate a closed natural circulation loop heat exchanger operating with heating power ranging from 10 W to 50 W and nanoparticle volume fractions of 0.5% to 2%, using an Al2O3–water nanofluid. Results are compared with experimental temperature measurements and an Euler–Euler implementation of the same nanofluid. The model is also applied to simulate the natural convection inside a vertical enclosure, studied experimentally by other authors. The proposed novel approach demonstrates agreement with both experimental data and the Euler–Euler implementation, effectively capturing the overall behaviour of nanofluids. We establish, that the interplay of multiple transport phenomena, that occur in nanofluid operated devices, can be difficult to completely reproduce numerically within the framework of current modelling assumptions.
Keywords: Euler–Lagrange nanofluid modelling, numerical uncertainty assessment, natural convection loop simulation, nanoparticle concentration analysis, nanofluid heat transfer
Published in DKUM: 17.06.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 7
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5. Solidification of gelatine hydrogels by using a cryoplatform and its validation through CFD approachesYasir Beeran Potta Thara, Miha Jordan, Timi Gomboc, Blaž Kamenik, Boštjan Vihar, Vanja Kokol, Matej Zadravec, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: In this work, we developed a numerical approach based on an experimental platform
to determine the working conditions on a cryoplatform and to predict and evaluate the cryogenic
printing of hydrogels. Although hydrogels have good biocompatibility, their material properties
make it difficult to print them with high precision and shape fidelity. To overcome these problems, a
cryogenic cooling platform was introduced to accelerate the physical stabilisation of each deposited
layer during the printing process. By precisely controlling solidification (crystallisation), each printed
material can withstand its own weight to maintain shape fidelity, and the porosity of the scaffolds
can also be controlled more selectively. The thermophysical properties of gelatine hydrogels were
investigated to gain a better understanding of the phase change upon freezing. The corresponding
material properties and experimental observations of gelatine solidification served as the basis for
developing a computational fluid model (CFD) to mimic the solidification of gelatine hydrogels
using a cryoplatform at different process conditions and extruder speeds. The goal was to develop a
tool simple enough to predict acceptable process conditions for printing gelatine hydrogels using
a cryoplatform.
Keywords: gelatine, hydrogel, cryoprinting, CFD simulation, solidification modelling
Published in DKUM: 20.03.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 17
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6. A system dynamics approach to decision-making tools in farm tourism developmentMaja Borlinič Gačnik, Črtomir Rozman, Andrej Škraba, Boris Prevolšek, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Besides visiting the main tourist attractions in Slovenia, many tourists want to spend their free time in the countryside as well, but the number of farming establishments in Slovenia diminished distinctly in the last years.
Objectives: This paper aims to develop a system dynamics model, with the goal to analyse dynamics of the diversification of agricultural holdings into farm tourism activities in Slovenia.
Methods/Approach: A system dynamics methodology was chosen to model the diversification in farm tourism. First, we present a basic concept of a system dynamics model with a causal loop diagram. Further, a system dynamics model with different scenarios is presented.
Results: The main feedback loops were identified, and the simulation model was used to analyse different simulation scenarios of the transition of farming establishments into farm tourism facilities.
Conclusions: The model provides the answers to the strategic questions about the dynamics of transfer into tourist farms, using several simulation scenarios. The transition mainly relies on subsidies, promotion of diversification and the growth of rural tourism, which provides a relevant direction for the development of future incentives.
Keywords: farm tourism, rural tourism, modelling, system dynamics, causal loop diagram, simulation
Published in DKUM: 13.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 5
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7. Developing a diversification strategy of non-agricultural activities on farms using system dynamics modelling : a case study of SloveniaMaja Borlinič Gačnik, Boris Prevolšek, Karmen Pažek, Črtomir Rozman, Andrej Škraba, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Purpose: This paper aims to analyse the main variables and causal relationships in the system structure of the diversification of non-agricultural activities on agricultural holdings using system dynamics (SD) modelling. The SD model aims to simulate depictions of the behaviour of the real system while testing the effects of alternative decisions over time.
Design/methodology/approach: An SD methodology was chosen to model diversification in farm tourism.
Findings: A system approach increases the authors’ understanding of the transition of agricultural holdings to farm tourism. The results indicate that the transition to farm tourism depends on the level of tourism development in a certain area. The system is influenced by subsidies allocated by authorities to expand primary agricultural activities. The model describes a situation in which the tourism and agricultural industries have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Research limitations/implications: The research is limited by the small set of available data due to the limited number of farms in Slovenia. One major problem is the difference in statistical data on the same activity collected from different institutions in Slovenia.
Practical implications: The paper includes implications for understanding the transition process to farm tourism, allowing policymakers to experiment with subsidies and promotion to explore the efficacy and efficiency of proposed policies.
Originality/value: This study provides a structured, systemic view of the diversification of non-agricultural activities on agricultural holdings, where the simulation results are a reliable reflection of the behaviour of the actual system being modelled.
Keywords: system dynamics, modelling, simulation, diversification, farm tourism, farm policy, Slovenia, simulation scenarious
Published in DKUM: 11.12.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 11
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8. Optimizing smart manufacturing systems using digital twinRobert Ojsteršek, Aljaž Javernik, Borut Buchmeister, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Presented paper investigates the application of digital twins for the optimisation of intelligent manufacturing systems and focuses on the comparison between simulation modelling results and real-world production conditions. A digital twin was created in the Simio software environment using a data-driven simulation model derived from a real-world production system. Running the digital twin in real time, which was displayed graphically, facilitated the analysis of key parameters, including the number of finished products, average flow time, workstation utilization and product quality. The discrepancies were attributed to the use of random distributions of input data in the dynamic digital twin, as opposed to the long-term measurements and averages in the real-world system. Despite the limitations in the case study, the results underline the financial justification and predictive capabilities of digital twins for optimising production systems. Real-time operation enables continuous evaluation and tracking of parameters and offers high benefits for intelligent production systems. The study emphasises the importance of accurate selection of input data and warns that even small deviations can lead to inaccurate results. Finally, the paper high-lights the role of digital twins in optimising production systems and argues for careful consideration of input data. It highlights the importance of analysing real-world production systems and creating efficient simulation models as a basis for digital twin solutions. The results encourage extending the research to different types of production, from job shop to mass production, in order to obtain a comprehensive optimisation perspective.
Keywords: smart manufacturing, digital twin, optimisation, simulation modelling, Simio, case study
Published in DKUM: 25.03.2024; Views: 277; Downloads: 34
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9. Managing the complexity of empty container movements through repositioning strategies and routing practices under certain demand and supply : doctoral dissertationAlaa Abdelshafie, 2023, doctoral dissertation Abstract: Over the past decades, container transportation management has become an important part of the global maritime industry. Due to an ever-increasing movement of containers across the globe in line with the economic boom, the trade imbalance and issues related to empty containers have become inevitable. The accumulation of empty containers in specific ports not only causes a waste of money but also increases the environmental footprint. Accordingly, the urgent need for empty container management has been gaining more attention than ever before, as the shipping companies recognized that more revenues are always derived from a good repositioning strategy. In this respect, this thesis described state-of-the-art of empty container management, focusing on the practices concerning the movement of empty containers that are varied between organizational policies, technical solutions, and optimization applications. With the development of computer-aided systems, the combination of optimization and simulation models has been proposed to tackle the maritime empty container problem. The thesis shows how the strengths of optimization-based simulation can be integrated to provide high-quality solutions with low computational costs. Agent-based modelling was developed to model the global movements of empty containers, providing realistic details of interactions among entities and characteristics of components within the system. The model was applied between ports in the Middle East and Asia for one of the biggest shipping lines worldwide. By using simulated annealing (SA), the best sequence for moving containers can be determined. The results comparison demonstrate that the proposed optimised repositioning strategy can significantly reduce the shipping line’s costs and make full use of empty containers in the planning horizon.
Keywords: shipping industry, container transportation management, empty container repositioning, simulation, optimization, agent-based modelling
Published in DKUM: 08.12.2023; Views: 579; Downloads: 31
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10. Simulated global empty containers repositioning using agent-based modellingAlaa Abdelshafie, Bojan Rupnik, Tomaž Kramberger, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Due to an ever-increasing movement of containers across the globe in line with the economic boom, the trade imbalance and issues related to empty containers have become inevitable. Empty containers accumulated at specific ports cannot only generate profit but also increase the environmental footprint. This research proposes a Maritime Empty Container Reposition Modelling Framework by integrating the agent-based modelling (ABM) paradigm to model the global movements of empty containers. An agent-based maritime logistic empty container redistribution model was developed to help minimize the total relevant costs for empty container movement in the planning horizon. In the system, ports, shipping companies, customers, and empty containers were identified as critical agents. Using simulated annealing (SA), shipping line agents were able to optimise empty container repositioning to determine the best sequence for moving containers. The model was applied to the Asia–Middle East region to simulate global empty containers repositioning in the region. The results comparison shows that the proposed optimised empty container repositioning framework can significantly reduce the shipping line’s costs and make full use of empty containers
Keywords: maritime industry, empty containers, repositioning, agent-based modelling, simulation, optimisation
Published in DKUM: 02.08.2023; Views: 396; Downloads: 60
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