1. Application of transmission electron microscopy to detect changes in pancreas physiologyMaša Skelin, Jurij Dolenšek, Ismael Valladolid-Acebes, Andraž Stožer, Saška Lipovšek Delakorda, 2022, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Keywords: pancreas physiology, exocrine cells, endocrine cells, ultrastructure, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, western diet
Published in DKUM: 24.09.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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2. Nicotinamide for the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fractionMahmoud Abdellatif, Viktoria Herbst, Franziska Koser, Sylvère Durand, Rui Adão, Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa, Johanna K Freundt, Julia Voglhuber, Maria Rosaria Pricolo, Michael Kasa, Simon Sedej, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a highly prevalent and intractable form of cardiac decompensation commonly associated with diastolic dysfunction. Here, we show that diastolic dysfunction in patients with HFpEF is associated with a cardiac deficit in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Elevating NAD+ by oral supplementation of its precursor, nicotinamide, improved diastolic dysfunction induced by aging (in 2-year-old C57BL/6J mice), hypertension (in Dahl salt-sensitive rats), or cardiometabolic syndrome (in ZSF1 obese rats). This effect was mediated partly through alleviated systemic comorbidities and enhanced myocardial bioenergetics. Simultaneously, nicotinamide directly improved cardiomyocyte passive stiffness and calcium-dependent active relaxation through increased deacetylation of titin and the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase 2a, respectively. In a long-term human cohort study, high dietary intake of naturally occurring NAD+ precursors was associated with lower blood pressure and reduced risk of cardiac mortality. Collectively, these results suggest NAD+ precursors, and especially nicotinamide, as potential therapeutic agents to treat diastolic dysfunction and HFpEF in humans.
Keywords: heart failure, hypertension, niacinamide, metabolic syndrome
Published in DKUM: 06.08.2024; Views: 89; Downloads: 4
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3. Age-related changes in lipid and glucose levels associated with drug use and mortality : an observational studyRene Markovič, Vladimir Grubelnik, Helena Blažun Vošner, Peter Kokol, Matej Završnik, Karmen Janša, Marjeta Zupet, Jernej Završnik, Marko Marhl, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Background: The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is complex and still unclear in some details. The main feature of diabetes mellitus is high serum glucose, and the question arises of whether there are other statistically observable dysregulations in laboratory measurements before the state of hyperglycemia becomes severe. In the present study, we aim to examine glucose and lipid profiles in the context of age, sex, medication use, and mortality. Methods: We conducted an observational study by analyzing laboratory data from 506,083 anonymized laboratory tests from 63,606 different patients performed by a regional laboratory in Slovenia between 2008 and 2019. Laboratory data-based results were evaluated in the context of medication use and mortality. The medication use database contains anonymized records of 1,632,441 patients from 2013 to 2018, and mortality data were obtained for the entire Slovenian population. Results: We show that the highest percentage of the population with elevated glucose levels occurs approximately 20 years later than the highest percentage with lipid dysregulation. Remarkably, two distinct inflection points were observed in these laboratory results. The first inflection point occurs at ages 55 to 59 years, corresponding to the greatest increase in medication use, and the second coincides with the sharp increase in mortality at ages 75 to 79 years. Conclusions: Our results suggest that medications and mortality are important factors affecting population statistics and must be considered when studying metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia using laboratory data.
Keywords: diabetes, metabolic syndrome, hematological data, aging
Published in DKUM: 21.05.2024; Views: 204; Downloads: 7
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