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Emulsion templated porous poly(thiol-enes): influence of photopolymerisation, emulsion composition, and phase behaviour on the porous structure and morphology
Viola Hobiger, Muzafera Paljevac, Peter Krajnc, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) or divinyl adipate (DVA) and pentaerythritol tetrakis(3- mercaptopropionate) (TT) were polymerised via a thiol-ene radical initiated photopolymerisation using emulsions with a high volume fraction of internal droplet phase and monomers in the continuous phase as precursors. The porous structure derived from the high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) followed the precursor emulsion setup resulting in an open porous cellularly structured polymer. Changing the emulsion composition and polymerisation conditions influenced the resulting morphological structure significantly. The investigated factors influencing the polymer monolith morphology were the emulsion phase ratio and surfactant concentration, leading to either interconnected cellular type morphology, bicontinuous porous morphology or a hollow sphere inverted structure of the polymerised monoliths. The samples with interconnected cellular morphology had pore diameters between 4 µm and 10 µm with approx. 1 µm sized interconnecting channels while samples with bicontinuous morphology featured approx. 5 µm wide pores between the polymer domains. The appropriate choice of emulsion composition enabled the preparation of highly porous poly(thiol-enes) with either polyHIPE or bicontinuous morphology. The porosities of the prepared samples followed the emulsion droplet phase share and could reach up to 88%.
Keywords: high internal phase emulsions, thiol-ene polymerisation, polyHIPE, bicontinuous structure, phase inversion, poly(thiol-enes)
Published in DKUM: 13.05.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 14
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COMPARISON OF 6TH AND 8TH GRADE PRIMARY SCHOOL ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS IN TERMS OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STRUCTURE
Katarina Kodba, 2016, master's thesis

Abstract: A textbook is one of the most important learning tools by which the learner encounters upon entering the school. It is bound to the curriculum and syllabus. Pupils use it as a guide during the learning process in the classes and also for their independent work outside the classrooms. Nowadays, we are encouraged to use modern ICT, which is omnipresent in schools as a result of a quick pace of life and technological progress. Despite the increasing usage of modern ICT in the educational process, a textbook still remains one of the main teaching tools for educational work. With its long tradition in history it remains in step with the times. It helps pupils not only to acquire the necessary skills, but also to develop mental skills, and critical and creative thinking. The theoretical part of the master’s thesis explains the concept of teaching and its purpose as well as the functions and activities of the lessons. Moreover, it describes the factors of the educational process, lists its types and explains who the subjects of the educational process are. The thesis also deals with the structural components of teaching: aims, contents, teaching environment, time and means. The research focuses on the textbook as one of the most important methodical-didactic materials and on the external and internal structure of selected textbooks. In addition, the empirical part of the thesis presents a detailed analysis of pre-prepared criteria.
Keywords: textbook, syllabus, curriculum, internal structure, external structure
Published in DKUM: 25.03.2016; Views: 1463; Downloads: 145
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