1. Axioms of decision criteria for 3D matrix games and their applicationsMurat Özkaya, Burhaneddin İzgi, Matjaž Perc, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In this paper, we define characteristic axioms for 3D matrix games and extend the definitions of the decision criteria under uncertainty to three dimensions in order to investigate the simultaneous effect of two different states on the decision process. We first redefine the Laplace, Wald, Hurwicz, and Savage criteria in 3D. We present a new definition depending on only the ∞-norm of the 3D payoff matrix for the Laplace criterion in 3D. Then, we demonstrate that the Laplace criterion in 3D explicitly satisfies all the proposed axioms, as well as the other three criteria. Moreover, we illustrate a fundamental example for a three-dimensional matrix with 3D figures and show the usage of each criterion in detail. In the second example, we model a decision process during the COVID-19 pandemic for South Korea to show the applicability of the 3D decision criteria using real data with two different states of nature for individuals’ actions for the quarantine. Additionally, we present an agricultural insurance problem and analyze the effects of the hailstorm and different speeds of wind on the harvest by the 3D criteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that brings 3D matrices in decision and game theories together. Ključne besede: game theory, decision criteria, matrix game, common goods, characteristic axioms, multi-state games, three-dimensional matrix games, game against nature, COVID-19, insurance problem Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.05.2024; Ogledov: 229; Prenosov: 14
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2. New suptech tool of the predictive generation for insurance companies : the case of the European marketTimotej Jagrič, Daniel Zdolšek, Robert Horvat, Iztok Kolar, Niko Erker, Jernej Merhar, Vita Jagrič, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Financial innovation, green investments, or climate change are changing insurers’ business ecosystems, impacting their business behaviour and financial vulnerability. Supervisors and other stakeholders are interested in identifying the path toward deterioration in the insurance company’s financial health as early as possible. Suptech tools enable them to discover more and to intervene in a timely manner. We propose an artificial intelligence approach using Kohonen’s self-organizing maps. The dataset used for development and testing included yearly financial statements with 4058 observations for European composite insurance companies from 2012 to 2021. In a novel manner, the model investigates the behaviour of insurers, looking for similarities. The model forms a map. For the obtained groupings of companies from different geographical origins, a common characteristic was discovered regarding their future financial deterioration. A threshold defined using the solvency capital requirement (SCR) ratio being below 130% for the next year is applied to the map. On the test sample, the model correctly identified on average 86% of problematic companies and 79% of unproblematic companies. Changing the SCR ratio level enables differentiation into multiple map sections. The model does not rely on traditional methods, or the use of the SCR ratio as a dependent variable but looks for similarities in the actual insurer’s financial behaviour. The proposed approach offers grounds for a Suptech tool of predictive generation to support early detection of the possible future financial distress of an insurance company. Ključne besede: European insurance market, suptech, supervision, financial deterioration identification, neural networks Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.03.2024; Ogledov: 220; Prenosov: 25
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3. Obligatory insurance as a form of social engineering : a comparison paper between the United States, Italy, Aruba and PolandThomas Allan Heller, Silvia Rigoldi, Jessica Burgos, Mateusz Sasinowski, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Insurance has been around for centuries. Traditionally, it has been purchased to protect the purchaser, namely, the insured. Over time, the insurance industry has developed an increasing number of products, so that at present one can purchase insurance to cover nearly every risk imaginable. The concept of mandatory or obligatory insurance is a fairly recent development. It traces its origins to the widespread use of the motor vehicle and also employment. Obligatory insurance is designed to protect certain classes of persons, such as workers and those who sustain injury and damage at the hands of others. In this article, the authors compare the current state of obligatory insurance in four democratic countries: the United States, Italy, Aruba and Poland. The aim of the article is to catalogue the similarities and differences in obligatory insurance in those four countries. The countries studied all have obligatory insurance designed to offer some degree of protection to workers injured on the job, and in the course and scope of their work, and to those involved in vehicular collisions. The other primary takeaway from our research is that, predictably, there is less obligatory insurance in the United States than in the other countries studied. Ključne besede: obligatory insurance, obligatory motor vehicle insurance, obligatory health insurance, obligatory professional liability insurance, workers, compensation insurance, social insurance Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.01.2021; Ogledov: 898; Prenosov: 21
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4. The use of genetic information in the implementation of insurance : current problems and prospects for their solutionVladimir Nikiforov, Ekaterina Suvorova, Sergey Zenin, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Increasing the efficiency of risk assessment for the purposes of personal insurance is impossible without using the latest achievements of modern science. This translates into a growing interest in the use of genetic research results by insurers, which manifests itself not only in legislation and insurers' practices, but also in international recommendations on personal medical data processing for insurance purposes. Based on analysis of foreign practices, the authors determine priority areas of respective legislation development, in particular, legislative recognition of a ban on insurers' access to genetic data in the context of obligatory medical insurance and group insurance programs; granting insurers the right to use genetic testing results for the purposes of life insurance, personal accident and sickness insurance, voluntary medical insurance, if the sum insured exceeds a statutory threshold. Ključne besede: personal insurance, genetic testing, epigenetic changes, legislation, diagnostic tests, prognostic tests Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.01.2021; Ogledov: 710; Prenosov: 27
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5. The significance of studying and investigation art crime : old reasons, new worldBojan Dobovšek, Boštjan Slak, 2011, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Purpose:
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the basic importance of studying and investigating art crime.
Design/Methods/Approach:
This paper presents a literature review with new commentary.
Findings:
Art crime has a long history and there has been some good research done on the topic. However it is still unrecognised in broader circles, even among professionals, and only a portion of the importance of art crime has been studied, often without a strong analysis of the complexities of the field. This paper will seek to fill in some of the gaps in scholarship, while summarizing much of the available literature.
Research limitations/implications:
A lack of proper and comprehensive academic literature limits the extent of this study, but this is the very reason why this paper is important.
Practical implications:
This paper represents a summary of the significance of art crime studies and investigation.
Originality/Value:
The main value is to those who are not yet familiar with art crime. This paper will further bring in some new views to complement the existing scholarship, and will be of interest to those who are keen on knowing about art crime. Ključne besede: art crime, insurance premiums, looting, war art crime, organised crime, money laundering, corruption Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.05.2020; Ogledov: 1109; Prenosov: 59
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6. Supervision of medical activitiesGrega Strban, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: It is investigated what kind of supervision could be exercised over medical activities in order to ensure the highest attainable quality of healthcare and access to medical services. To this end rights and especially duties of healthcare providers, definitions of sickness and effective healthcare provision, as well as various supervisory mechanisms and procedures for enforcing the rights, are analysed. It is argued that legal definitions of sickness and effective healthcare provision, stricter supervisory mechanisms and a single, legally regulated professional complaint procedure are required de lege ferenda. Ključne besede: healthcare provision, sickness, mandatory health insurance, supervision, complaint proceedings, judicial review Objavljeno v DKUM: 08.10.2018; Ogledov: 1012; Prenosov: 83
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7. A new European market in insurance distributionMaría Rocío Quintás Eiras, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The present work provides an approach to the main changes brought to the insurance market by the introduction of the Directive (EU) 2016/1997 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 January 2016, which comprises the recast of Directive 2002/92 on insurance mediation. The new Directive implements relevant changes with the paramount aim of reaching a harmonization of the different national provisions concerning insurance and reinsurance distribution of the EU, both on the application scope and on the insurance consumer protection. Ključne besede: insurance and reinsurance distribution, distribution channels, insured protection Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.08.2018; Ogledov: 894; Prenosov: 83
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8. Measuring the concentration of insurance sector : the case of Southeastern European countriesMaja Dimić, Lidija Barjaktarović, Olja Arsenijević, Polona Šprajc, Janez Žirovnik, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Background and purpose: The goal of the paper is to determine the level of concentration in the insurance sector in the following eight countries of South and Eastern Europe: Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria and Albania in the period from 2007 to 2012.
Design/Methodology/Approach: In this context, the analysed indicators of concentration were the market share of the four leading financial institutions (CR4), the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), the coefficient of entropy (E), the coefficient of relative entropy (RE) and Gini coefficient (G).
Results: The study showed that the insurance sectors in the analysed countries are highly concentrated on average (according to CR4 indicator), medium concentrated (according to HHI) with high levels of inequality of distribution of market shares between individual participants (in terms of G coefficient), and in the zone of relative uniformity and equality of business entities (according to RE coefficient). The research results point out that the existence of different levels of correlation between the analysed indicators of concentration in the insurance sector, which confirms the conclusion that, in order to obtain relevant and quality conclusions about the level of concentration, it is necessary to review and analyse several indicators of concentration integrally.
Conclusion: In all observed indicators of concentration in relation with the density level GDP pc move in the zone of very low value, which on the one hand points to the fact that the analysed countries at a relatively similar level of development have significantly different levels of concentration, but also on the fact that some countries although at different levels of development, have similar levels of concentration. Ključne besede: insurance sector, concentration level, concentration indicators Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.05.2018; Ogledov: 1767; Prenosov: 149
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9. Individual's resistance regarding BPM initiative : case study of the insurance companyMirjana Pejić Bach, Vesna Bosilj-Vukšić, Daila Suša-Vugec, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Though the individual’s resistance is very often considered a significant barrier to BPM success, the literature on that topic is quite scarce. With the aim to shed light on this topic, we have conducted research of a Croatian insurance company. We examined the impact of individual’s resistance regarding BPM initiative using the theory of reasoned action. Structural equation model was developed using the data collected by the survey among company employees. The results indicate that subjective norms are positively related to the individual’s resistance regarding BPM initiative, while positive initial belief regarding BPM initiative tends to decrease the probability of resistance to change. Ključne besede: business process management, theory of reasoned action, individual’s resistance, insurance company, change management, Croatia Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.05.2018; Ogledov: 1166; Prenosov: 207
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10. Optimum amount of an insurance sum in life insuranceJanez Balkovec, Marija Ovsenik, 2001, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Personal insurances represent one of the sources of personal social security as a category of personal property. How to get a proper life insurance is a frequently asked question. When insuring material objects (car, house...), the problem is usually not in the amount of the taken insurance. With life insurances (abstract goods), problems as such occur. In this paper, we wish to present a model that, according to the financial situation and the anticipated future, makes it possible to calculate the optimum insurance sum in life insurance. Ključne besede: optimal life insurance, optimal insurance sum, insurance model, personal insurance, personal social security Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.07.2017; Ogledov: 1092; Prenosov: 111
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