1. Capturing Conversational Gestures for Embodied Conversational Agents Using an Optimized Kaneda–Lucas–Tomasi Tracker and Denavit–Hartenberg-Based Kinematic ModelGrega Močnik, Zdravko Kačič, Riko Šafarič, Izidor Mlakar, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In order to recreate viable and human-like conversational responses, the artificial entity, i.e., an embodied conversational agent, must express correlated speech (verbal) and gestures (non-verbal) responses in spoken social interaction. Most of the existing frameworks focus on intent planning and behavior planning. The realization, however, is left to a limited set of static 3D representations of conversational expressions. In addition to functional and semantic synchrony between verbal and non-verbal signals, the final believability of the displayed expression is sculpted by the physical realization of non-verbal expressions. A major challenge of most conversational systems capable of reproducing gestures is the diversity in expressiveness. In this paper, we propose a method for capturing gestures automatically from videos and transforming them into 3D representations stored as part of the conversational agent’s repository of motor skills. The main advantage of the proposed method is ensuring the naturalness of the embodied conversational agent’s gestures, which results in a higher quality of human-computer interaction. The method is based on a Kanade–Lucas–Tomasi tracker, a Savitzky–Golay filter, a Denavit–Hartenberg-based kinematic model and the EVA framework. Furthermore, we designed an objective method based on cosine similarity instead of a subjective evaluation of synthesized movement. The proposed method resulted in a 96% similarity.
Ključne besede: conversational gestures, 3D gestures, motor skills, gesture reconstruction, kinematics, embodied conversational agents, Kanade–Lucas–Tomasi tracker, Denavit–Hartenberg
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.01.2023; Ogledov: 622; Prenosov: 161
 Celotno besedilo (5,04 MB)
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2. An Analysis of Language and Gestures in Political DiscourseAleksandra Premužič, 2016, magistrsko delo Opis: Politicians have always used language accompanied by gestures to convince people that they are the best to lead them. The main aim of this thesis is to examine how verbal and nonverbal elements are connected in political discourse. More precisely, the study presented in the thesis examines how language and gestures are used by President Barack Obama and Borut Pahor and compare their use of gestures in their speeches. In the theoretical part we deal with verbal communication, nonverbal communication, rhetoric, gestures, political discourse and personalities of the president Pahor and the president Obama. The study that follows contains an analysis of two videos of Borut Pahor and two of Barack Obama. Screen shots from the video were made to see which gestures they use in different speeches. In total 16 gestures were examined for each video and for each of the gesture we noted what presidents were saying and which persuasive appeals of rhetoric they were using. The analysis shows that when President Obama and Pahor talk about similar topics they use similar gestures. The analysis also shows that gestures used in their speeches accompany all three lines of argument in rhetoric: ethos and pathos and also logos.
Ključne besede: Key words: gestures, language, political discourse, Borut Pahor, Barack Obama
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.03.2016; Ogledov: 2614; Prenosov: 258
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3. Language evolution from the cultural aspectAna Pejković, 2011, diplomsko delo Opis: Language is the primary force of human social life. It is the most important characteristic that separates humans from animals. The question of language evolution has not yet been completely answered, despite several theories dealing with this subject. In my graduation thesis I deal with language evolution from the cultural aspect.
First I present the process of evolution, focusing on cultural evolution – the transfer of cultural patterns in social community.
I deal with different language definitions, presented by Sverker Johansson, and the reasons for its evolution. The chapter on language definitions is completed by presenting the cradle of language, which is Africa.
When focusing on language evolution from the cultural aspect, it is necessary to present the theory of cultural transmission by Michael Tomasello. He believed that this is the only biological mechanism that could have caused changes in cognition and behaviour.
Finally, I present the question of inseparability of language and culture.
Ključne besede: evolution, language, gestures, culture, cultural transmission
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.02.2012; Ogledov: 1747; Prenosov: 140
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