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Abstract: The resistivity of coarse grain steel against crack initiation in the presence of micro defects is discussed. Samples of material with martensitic microstructure were prepared by adequate thermal treatment. Microstructurally small Vickers indentations were used as an artificial micro defect. The compressive residual stresses are due to the irreversibility of plastic deformation. The moment of indenting enables to prepare samples with and without effects of residual stresses. The stress level for crack initiation depends on the actual indentation size. The location of initiated cracks is affected by the presence and character of residual stresses.
Keywords: welded joints, micro defect, coarse grain HAZ, crack initiation, crack growth, stress concentration, fatigue limit, Vickers, residual stresses
Published in DKUM: 03.07.2017; Views: 1782; Downloads: 119
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Abstract: A computational model for determination of crack growth in a gear tooth root is presented. Two loading conditions are taken into account: (i) normal pulsating force acting at the highest point of the single tooth contact and (ii) the moving load along the tooth flank. In numerical analysis it is assumed that the crack is initiated at the point of the largest stresses in a gear tooth root. The simple Paris equation is then used for a further simulation of the fatigue crack growth. The functional relationship between the stress intensity factor and crack length K=f(a), which is needed for determining the required number of loading cycles N for a crack propagation from the initial to the critical length, is obtained using a displacement correlation method in the framework of the FEM-method considering the effect of crack closure. The model is used for determining fatigue crack growth in a real gear made from case carburised and ground steel 14CiNiMo13-4, where the required material parameters were determined previously by appropriate test specimens. The results of the numerical analysis show that the prediction of crack propagation live and crack path in a gear tooth root are significantly different for both loading conditions considered.
Keywords: zobniki, utrujanje, širjenje razpoke, numerično modeliranje, gears, fatigue, crack growth, numerical modelling
Published in DKUM: 10.07.2015; Views: 1347; Downloads: 84
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Abstract: The structural integrity and operational safety of welded pressure vessels primarily depends on the behaviour of weldments. In spite of all efforts in material production and improvements in welding techniques, including strict codes, requirements and directives, the crack occurrence in welded structures cannot be completely excluded. This is why fracture mechanics analysis is inevitable in the structural integrity assessment of all welded structures. Examples of practical application of fracture mechanics parameters in cracked pressure vessel structural integrity are considered. This paper shows the determination of parameters of the fatigue crack for constituents of welded joints produced of high strength low alloyed steel Nionikral-70 (yield strength 700 MPa). Results have shown that the position of notch and crack initiation affect the values of the stress intensity range of fatigue threshold ?Kth and parameters in the Paris' equation.
Keywords: HSLA jekla, rast razpoke, HSLA steel, crack growth rate, fatigue threshold, Paris' law
Published in DKUM: 10.07.2015; Views: 1978; Downloads: 37
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Abstract: A computational model for determination of service life of gears in regard to bending fatigue in a gear tooth root is presented. The fatique process leading to tooth breakage is divided into crack initiation and crack propagation period. The strain-life method in the framework of the FEM-methods has been used to determine the number of stress cycles Ni required for the fatique crack initiation, where it is assumed that the crack is initiated at the point of the largest stresses in a gear tooth root. The simple Paris equations is then used for the further simulation of the fatigue crack growth. The functional relationship between the stress intensity factor and crack length K=f(a), which is needed for determination ofthe required number of loading cycles Np for a crack propagation from the initial to the critical length, is obtained using displacement correlation method in the framework of the FEM-method. The total number of stress cycles N for the final failure to occur is then a sum of Ni and Np. The model is used for determination of service life of real spur gear made from through-hardened steel 42CrMo4, where required material parameters have been determined previously by the appropriate test specimens.
Keywords: machine elements, fatigue, fatigue crack growth, numerical modelling, gears, service life
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 2418; Downloads: 124
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Abstract: A computational model for determining the service life of gear teeth flanks in regard to surface pitting is presented. The model considers the material fatigue process leading to pitting, i.e. the conditions required for the short fatigue crack propagation originating from the initial crack in a single material grain. In view of small crack lengths observed in surface pitting, the simulation takes into account the short crack growth theory. The stress field in the contact area and the required functional relationship between thestress intensity factor and the crack length are determined by the finite element method. An equivalent model of two contacting cylinders is used for numerical simulations of crack propagation in the contact area. On the basis of numerical results, and with consideration of some particular material parameters, the probable service life period of contacting surfaces is estimated for surface curvatures and loadings that are most commonly encountered in engineering practice.
Keywords: machine elements, gears, pitting, fatigue, short crack growth, numerical analysis, service life
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 2412; Downloads: 39
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