Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: The European Union has recognised the problem of sustainable development and the need for decarbonisation in order to achieve sustainability. Therefore, the EU Green Deal was adopted, whose main objective is to achieve climate neutrality, create a competitive economy and strengthen energy stability. The EU Green Deal is complex and encompasses all the economies of the European Union, which differ according to their level of economic development, their institutional development, but also the mentality of the population. Nevertheless, all member states fully support this plan and integrate it into their national strategies. The transition to a low-carbon economy is an opportunity for economic growth, market development and the development of new business opportunities, as well as an opportunity for technological progress. The development of green practises, decarbonisation and sustainable development must go hand in hand with the continuous development of innovation, as they are the basis for long-term economic growth, as Romer emphasised in his endogenous growth theory. Knowledge and innovation make a crucial contribution to overall production as they enable the development of new ideas that can significantly improve existing production - either by improving existing systems or by developing completely new systems. The motivation for this study stems from the development of Romer and Nordhaus' model, which is based on the observation of positive externalities from technological development and the diffusion of ideas, and the diffusion of negative externalities from greenhouse gas emissions. The European Union is in a low-carbon transition process and accordingly major structural changes are taking place, especially in the energy, agriculture and manufacturing sectors. The dissertation has two main objectives - the first part of the empirical analysis deals with the ecological footprint of the European Union, while the other part refers to the economic footprint of the European Union. The panel data analysis confirmed the two research hypotheses that the transition to a low-carbon economy has a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions and causes structural changes that affect economic activity. It can be concluded that this study not only contributes from a theoretical perspective, but also provides new insights for the practical application of low-carbon and sustainable practises and standards. Theoretical contributions are seen within the framework of the theory of environmental economics and the theory of sustainable development. The findings confirm the importance of environmental protection laws in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, research has emphasised the importance of the balance between environmental and economic aspects of sustainability. On the other hand, the practical implications of policy makers' decisions become clear. Firstly, research has confirmed the effectiveness of general environmental taxes in the EU, which are an effective tool for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Secondly, the use of renewable energy contributes to the low-carbon transition, but its impact on economic growth remains detrimental.
Ključne besede: decarbonisation, sustainability, renewable energy, GHG emissions, economic growth
Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.11.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 5
Celotno besedilo (6,56 MB)

Opis: The aim of this paper is to present a novel and comprehensive methodology for the dynamic modeling and experimental validation of a photovoltaic/thermal system. The dynamic model is divided into thermal and electrical subsystems, encompassing the photovoltaic/ thermal module and the thermal energy storage. The thermal subsystem of both the photovoltaic/thermal module and the thermal energy storage is described by a one-dimensional dynamic model of heat transfer mechanisms and optical losses, while the electrical subsystem is presented as an electrical equivalent circuit of double diode solar cell. Model validation was conducted on a modern experimental photovoltaic/thermal system over an extended operational period at a five-minute resolution, with validation days classified as sunny, cloudy, or overcast based on weather conditions, thereby demonstrating an applied approach. The results demonstrate the lowest deviation values reported to date, confirmed using six quantitative indicators. The added value of the proposed methodology, not previously addressed in the literature, lies in the following contributions: (i) comprehensive modeling of the entire photovoltaic/thermal system, (ii) accurate consideration of optical losses in the photovoltaic/thermal module, and (iii) long-term experimental validation. Overall, the proposed methodology provides a reliable and efficient framework for PV/T system design, optimization, and long-term performance assessment.
Ključne besede: photovoltaic/thermal system, thermal energy storage, dynamic modeling, experimental validation, heat transfer mechanism, temperature, electrical power
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.11.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 10
Celotno besedilo (7,15 MB)
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Opis: Introduction. The integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), particularly Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS), is vital for reducing reliance on fossil fuels and addressing climate change. However, this transition poses challenges, including ensuring grid stability in the face of intermittent RESs. Compliance with grid codes is crucial, with a focus on Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capability. Problem. The intermittent nature of RESs, specifically in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based WECS, presents challenges to grid stability during voltage dips. Goal. To enhance voltage stability and LVRT capability in PMSG-based WECS by integrating a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) with an energy storage device. This involves regulating the input DC voltage to the DVR using a type 2 fuzzy controller, adapting intelligently to changing conditions. Methodology. DVR, powered by an energy storage device, is strategically integrated with WECS. A type 2 fuzzy controller regulates the DC voltage to DVR. The rectified WECS output undergoes processing through an isolated flyback converter. A 31-level Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHBMLI) with PI control ensures high-quality AC output. Results. The validation of developed system is executed using MATLAB/Simulink revealing a reduced Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) value of 1.8 %, ensuring significance in LVRT capability. Originality. The strategic integration of DVR with PMSG-based WECS, addresses the LVRT challenges. The use of type 2 fuzzy controller for intelligent voltage regulation and a sophisticated multilevel inverter contributes to the uniqueness of proposed solution. Practical value. The developed system provides benefits by ensuring reliable LVRT capability in PMSG-based WECS with reduced THD of 1.8 % indicating improved grid compatibility. References 26, tables 5, figures 20.
Ključne besede: permanent magnet synchronous generator, wind energy conversion systems, low voltage ride through, type 2 fuzzy controller, isolated flyback converter, 31-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter, PI controller
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.11.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
Celotno besedilo (1,51 MB)
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Opis: The European Union is planning to introduce a new tool for evaluating smart solutions in buildings—the Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI). As 54 energy efficiency categories must be evaluated, the triage process can be long and time-intensive. Altogether, 228 data points (or inputs) about the smartness of the buildings are required to complete the evaluation. The present paper proposes an alternative calculation method based on genetic programming (GP) for the calculation of Domains and linear regression (LR) for the calculation of Impact Factors and the total SRI score of the building. This novel calculation requires 20% (Domain ventilation and dynamic building envelope) to 75% (Domain cooling) fewer inputs than the original methodology. The present study evaluated 223 case study buildings, and 7 genetic programming models and 8 linear regression models were generated based on the results. The generated results are precise; the relative deviation from the experimental data for Domain scores (modelled with GP) ranged from 0.9% to 2.9%. The R2 for the LR models was 0.75 for most models (with two exceptions, with one with a value of 0.57 and the other with a value of 0.98). The developed method is scalable and could be used for preliminary and portfolio-level screening at early-stage assessments.
Ključne besede: SRI, modelling, genetic programming, linear regression, energy efficient buildings, smart buildings, optimisation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.11.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
Celotno besedilo (4,93 MB)
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Opis: This paper aims to assess the impact of certain economic factors on pollution for selected 112 countries worldwide. Due to data availability, carbon dioxide emissions in tonnes per capita were chosen as the dependent variable measuring pollution. Based on panel data and generalized moments method, the relationship between economic activity and environmental pollution was estimated. The results show that in the whole sample, as well as for two subsamples of developed and undeveloped countries, carbon dioxide emissions are statistically significantly affected by gross domestic product per capita, energy intensity and renewable energy consumption. The linear effect of economic activity positively effects the pollution, while the quadratic relationship is negative. Thus, the validity of inverted-U curve of the environmental Kuznets curve has been demonstrated. The estimated effect of economic activity measured by gross domestic product per capita on pollution does not differ in developed and undeveloped countries.
Ključne besede: environmental Kuznets curve, carbon dioxide emissions, renewable energy, industrialisation, urbanisation, economic development, cross-section analysis
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.10.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
Celotno besedilo (704,44 KB)
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