1. Obvladovanje sladkorne bolezni pri pacientih v primarnem zdravstvenem varstvuGal Fanedl, 2025, diplomsko delo Opis: Uvod: Sladkorna bolezen sodi med najpogostejše kronične bolezni današnjega časa in zahteva nenehno, dolgotrajno spremljanje. V primarnem zdravstvenem varstvu imajo diplomirane medicinske sestre ključno vlogo pri obvladovanju te bolezni, še posebej pri izobraževanju pacientov.
Metode: Izveden je bil pregled znanstvene literature v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, Cochrane Library in ScienceDirect. Uporabljen je bil PRISMA diagram za izbor virov, analiza pa je temeljila na vsebinski obravnavi člankov.
Rezultati: V podrobno analizo smo vključili 12 člankov od 995. Analiza literature je pokazala, da so ključne intervencije diplomiranih medicinskih sester pri obvladovanju sladkorne bolezni: (1) izobraževanje oziroma edukacija pacientov, ki se je izkazalo kot ena najučinkovitejših metod za izboljšanje urejenosti sladkorne bolezni, (2) izvajanje presejalnih testov, (3) podpora pri samoupravljanju bolezni ter (4) koordinacija oskrbe. V procesu vsebinske analize smo oblikovali glavno kategorijo: Intervencije diplomiranih medicinskih sester v primarnem zdravstvenem varstvu pri obvladovanju sladkorne bolezni in njene podkategorije: Izobraževalne intervencije, Samostojna vloga in svetovanje, Sodelovanje v timu, Preprečevanje zapletov in Podpora pri samoupravljanju.
Razprava in zaključek: Pregled potrjuje, da imajo diplomirane medicinske sestre na primarni ravni zdravstvenega varstva pomemben vpliv na potek in izide obvladovanja sladkorne bolezni. Intervencije diplomiranih medicinskih sester pomembno prispevajo k uspešnemu obvladovanju sladkorne bolezni in opolnomočenju pacientov.
Ključne besede: Diabetes mellitus, dispanzersko zdravstveno varstvo, patronažno
zdravstveno varstvo, intervencije diplomiranih medicinskih sester
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.08.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 30
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2. Vpliv socialnih omrežij na prehrano otrok in mladostnikov s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1Vanessa Hörtner, 2025, diplomsko delo Opis: Uvod: Sladkorna bolezen tipa 1 je avtoimunska bolezen, ki zahteva vsakodnevno skrb za preprečevanje zapletov. Za otroke in mladostnike s to boleznijo je zdrav življenjski slog bistven za nadzor krvnega sladkorja in preprečevanje hiperglikemije. Namen zaključnega dela je bil analizirati vpliv socialnih omrežij na prehrano otrok in mladostnikov s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1.
Metode: Izveden je pregled literature, ki smo jo iskali v mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah Cochrane Library, PubMed, Sage, CINAHL, Web of Science ter ScienceDirect s pomočjo iskalne strategije. Rezultati so analizirani s pomočjo evalvacijske tabele ter razvrščeni po hierarhiji dokazov. Uporabljena je vsebinska analiza. Postopek iskanja literature je prikazan s PRISMA diagramom.
Rezultati: V končno analizo so vključene štiri raziskave. Ugotovljeno je, da lahko na socialnih omrežjih otroci in mladostniki najdejo uporabne informacije, kot so prilagojeni jedilniki za sladkorne bolnike, nasveti za zdrav življenjski slog in informacije o novih tehnologijah za lažje spremljanje krvnega sladkorja.
Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovljeno je, da mediji lahko pozitivno vplivajo na izboljšanje življenja z DM1. Imajo pa tudi negativne vplive, kot je zavajanje k nezdravim prehranjevalnim navadam. Pomembno je raziskovanje socialnih omrežij, saj imajo velik vpliv na prehrano otrok s sladkorno boleznijo.
Ključne besede: diabetes mellitus, dieta, družabna omrežja, prehranjevalne navade
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.05.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 96
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3. Presaditev trebušne slinavke : indikacija, kirurška tehnika, klinični pomenGaja Hladnik, Vojko Flis, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Presaditev trebušne slinavke je zlati standard za zdravljenje ledvične odpovedi pri bolnikih s sladkorno
boleznijo oz. pri bolnikih s sladkorno boleznijo, kjer kljub intenzivirani inzulinski terapiji ne uspemo preprečiti
nastanka kroničnih zapletov sladkorne bolezni. Z napredkom kirurgije in novimi imunosupresivnimi zdravili je v zadnjih desetletjih prišlo do bistvenega izboljšanja preživetja bolnikov in presadkov ter povečane kakovosti življenja po presaditvi. Presaditev trebušne slinavke je danes metoda izbire, s katero nadomestimo endokrino funkcijo trebušne slinavke, vzpostavimo normoglikemijo in preprečimo nastanek sekundarnih zapletov sladkorne bolezni. Med presaditve trebušne slinavke prištevamo sočasno presaditev trebušne slinavke in ledvice, presaditev
samo trebušne slinavke, presaditev dela trebušne slinavke ter presaditev otočkovtrebušne slinavke. Enoletno preživetje bolnikov po presaditvi trebušne slinavke znaša 96 %, petletno pa 80 %. Preživetje je najbolj optimalno pri sočasni presaditvi trebušne slinavke in ledvice.
Ključne besede: pancreas transplantation, diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 26
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4. Screening for diabetic retinopathy : a twelve-month reviewTomaž Gračner, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The purpose is to provide a twelve-month database review of screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR). A total of 1428 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients screened in 2017 were analyzed in a retrospective study. Retinal photographs were reviewed by an ophthalmologist for the presence and stage of DR, as well as for additional nondiabetic findings. The following grading categories of DR were used: without DR, mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe nonproliferative NPDR, proliferative DR (PDR), clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and ungradable finding. Severe NPDR, PDR and CSME were classified as vision-threatening DR. Out of 1428 DM patients, 27 were diagnosed with type 1 DM and 1401 with type 2 DM, 353 of them had newly diagnosed type 2 DM. Without DR category was recorded in 85.2% of all eyes screened, 2.8% were ungradable, and 12% showed varying stages of DR. Vision-threatening DR was found in 2.8% and additional nondiabetic findings in 5.2% of all screened eyes. In the group of newly diagnosed type 2 DM, 92.5% of screened eyes were without DR, 3.1% were ungradable and 4.3% showed varying stages of DR. In the group of newly diagnosed type 2 DM, vision-threatening DR was recorded in 0.1% and additional nondiabetic finding in 5.7% of the eyes screened. In conclusion, a small proportion of screened DM patients with detected DR had vision-threatening DR.
Ključne besede: diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, screening, proliferative retinopathy, maculopathy
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
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5. Cognitive and emotional perceptions of illness in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitusLucija Gosak, Gregor Štiglic, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects a patient’s physical, social, and mental well-being. Perceptions of the illness are linked to quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess illness perception in patients diagnosed with T2DM and to validate the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in the Slovenian language. A cross-sectional study involved 141 patients diagnosed with T2DM. We performed a content analysis of the questionnaire and estimated the S-CVI, I-CVI, kappa coefficient. We also used Cronbach’s alpha to assess the reliability. Participants did not have a very threatening perception of T2DM, but being overweight and having cardiovascular disease were significant contributors to a more threatening perception. The most frequently indicated factors influencing the onset and development of T2DM were heredity and genetics, stress and other psychological distress, and poor and inadequate nutrition. I-CVI ranged from 0.833 to 1.00, while the kappa is greater than 0.74, confirming the excellent validity of the questions. The content validity assessment of the questionnaire further confirms that the questionnaire is suitable for use with the target population in Slovenia. The questionnaire proved to be a valid and reliable tool that can be used to assess the relationship between illness perception and self-management of T2DM.
Ključne besede: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), illness perception, psychometric properties
Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
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6. Application of transmission electron microscopy to detect changes in pancreas physiologyMaša Skelin, Jurij Dolenšek, Ismael Valladolid-Acebes, Andraž Stožer, Saška Lipovšek Delakorda, 2022, samostojni znanstveni sestavek ali poglavje v monografski publikaciji Ključne besede: pancreas physiology, exocrine cells, endocrine cells, ultrastructure, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, western diet
Objavljeno v DKUM: 24.09.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 9
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7. Electrodermal activity and heart rate variability for detection of peripheral abnormalities in type 2diabetes : a reviewMatej Žnidarič, Dominik Škrinjar, Alen Kapel, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Modern medicine exhibits an upward trend towards non-invasive methods for early detection of disease and long-term monitoring of patients’ health. Diabetes mellitus and its complications are a promising area for implementation of new medical diagnostic devices. One of the most serious complications of diabetes is diabetic foot ulcer. The main causes responsible for diabetic foot ulcer are ischemia caused by peripheral artery disease and diabetic neuropathy caused by polyol pathway-induced oxidative stress. Autonomic neuropathy impairs function of sweat glands, which can be measured by electrodermal activity. On the other hand, autonomic neuropathy leads to changes in heart rate variability, which is used to assess autonomic regulation of the sinoatrial node. Both methods are enough sensitive to detect pathological changes caused by autonomic neuropathy and are promising screening methods for early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy, which could prevent the onset of diabetic ulcer.
Ključne besede: diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot ulcer, autonomic neuropathy, electrodermal activity, heart rate variability
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.04.2024; Ogledov: 144; Prenosov: 22
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8. Kakovost življenja nosečnic s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 ali tipa 2Nika Bombek, 2024, diplomsko delo Opis: Uvod: Mednarodna zveza za sladkorno bolezen poroča, da ima vsaka šesta nosečnica sladkorno bolezen, od tega jih ima kar 13,6 % sladkorno bolezen že pred nosečnostjo. Namen zaključnega dela je raziskati, kakšna je kakovost življenja nosečnic s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 ali tipa 2.
Metode: Uporabili smo opisno metodo dela in metodo pregleda literature. Glede na zastavljeno raziskovalno vprašanje smo literaturo iskali v mednarodnih bazah podatkov PubMed, CINAHL, SAGE in Web of Science, z upoštevanjem določenih vključitvenih in izključitvenih meril ter limitov iskanja. Potek in prikaz iskanja znanstvene literature smo naredili po smernicah PRISMA. Izvedli smo narativno sintezo vsebine.
Rezultati: V končno analizo smo vključili pet znanstvenih člankov. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da na kakovost življenja nosečnic s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 ali 2 pomembno vplivajo podpora in empatija zdravstvenega tima, socialna podpora, družinska anamneza, sociodemografske značilnosti, znanje in sprejemanje bolezni.
Razprava in zaključek: Podpora socialnega okolja in zdravstvenega tima sta ključnega pomena za izboljšanje kakovosti življenja nosečnic s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 ali 2. Zdrav življenjski slog pomembno prispeva k boljši kakovosti življenja nosečnic s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 1 ali 2, saj imajo nosečnice, zdravljene z insulinom, dokazano slabšo kakovost življenja.
Ključne besede: Nosečnost, diabetes mellitus, kakovost življenja
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.02.2024; Ogledov: 394; Prenosov: 105
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9. Alpha cell stimulus-sehttps://dk.um.si/teme/dkumDev2/img/NovoOkno.pngcretion coupling and intercellular interactions in health and type 2 diabetesViljem Pohorec, Nika Zadravec, Marko Turk, Jurij Dolenšek, Andraž Stožer, 2023, pregledni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: Alpha cell, calcium imaging, epinephrine, physiology, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.07.2023; Ogledov: 378; Prenosov: 64
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10. Implementing quality indicators for diabetes and hypertension in family medicine in SloveniaZalika Klemenc-Ketiš, Igor Švab, Tonka Poplas-Susič, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Introduction: A new form of family practices was introduced in 2011 through a pilot project introducing nurse practitioners as members of team and determining a set of quality indicators. The aim of this article was to assess the quality of diabetes and hypertension management.
Methods: We included all family medicine practices that were participating in the project in December 2015 (N=584). The following data were extracted from automatic electronic reports on quality indicators: gender and specialisation of the family physician, status (public servant/self-contracted), duration of participation in the project, region of Slovenia, the number of inhabitants covered by a family medicine practice, the name of IT provider, and levels of selected quality indicators.
Results: Out of 584 family medicine practices that were included in this project at the end of 2015, 568 (97.3%) had complete data and could be included in this analysis. The highest values were observed for structure quality indicator (list of diabetics) and the lowest for process and outcome quality indicators. The values of the selected quality indicators were independently associated with the duration of participation in the project, some regions of Slovenia where practices were located, and some IT providers of the practices.
Conclusion: First, the analysis of data on quality indicators for diabetes and hypertension in this primary care project pointed out the problems which are currently preventing higher quality of chronic patient management at the primary health care level.
Ključne besede: family practices, healthcare quality indicator, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.11.2017; Ogledov: 1637; Prenosov: 377
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