Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: For the investigation of the solvent impact on the enzymes, lipases from different sources (Pseudomonas fluorescences, Rhizopus javanicus, Rhizopus niveus, Candida rugose and Porcine pancreas) were used. Stability and activity of these lipases in aqueous medium in supercritical $CO_2$ and liquid propane at 100 bar and 40°C were studied. On the basis of previous results lipases were used for their application in two different systems. The application of the polysulphone membrane in the continuous stirred tank membrane reactor was studied on the model system of the hydrolysis of oleyl oleate in propane at high pressure. As a catalyst the Candida rugosa lipase was used. The next utilization of lipases was the use of on silica arerogel self-immobilized lipase from Porcine pancreas as catalyst for esterification reaction in near-critical propane at 40°C and 100 bar.
Ključne besede: chemical processing, supercritical fluids, lipases, enzyme stability, high pressure membrane reactor
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 1541; Prenosov: 201
Celotno besedilo (608,04 KB)
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Opis: Major recent advances. Particle formation and design of solid particles and powdery composites with unique properties is at the moment a major developmentof supercritical fluids (synonymsČ dense gasses, dense fluids, highpressure) applications. This review will focus on recent advances and on fundamentals of these processes and their applications.
Ključne besede: chemical processing, high pressure technology, micronization, supercritical fluids, micro-particles, nano-particles, powder generation, crystallization, particles from gas saturated solutions
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 3777; Prenosov: 111
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Opis: The enzymes (lipases from Candida rugosa and porcine pancreas) were immobilized on silica aerogels by sol-gel procedure followed by supercritical drying with CO2. Such immobilized enzymes were used as biocatalysts for esterification in supercritical CO2 and near critical propane at 40 °C and 100 bar. It was found out that the initial reaction rates in propane rose two to three times in comparison with the same reaction, catalyzed by free lipase. SC CO2 deactivated the non-immobilized lipase in reaction mixture while with the immobilized enzyme the conversion was 35%. The initial reaction rates in propane were 20 times higher than in water medium due to the properties of propane as a medium for esterification of fatty acids.
Ključne besede: chemical processing, biotechnology, esterification, immobilization of enzymes, supercritial CO2, propane, lipases, supercritical CO2 drying
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 1880; Prenosov: 29
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Opis: Single tungsten oxide aerogels (WO3), binary oxide aerogels (WO3-Al2O3) and ternary oxide aerogels (WO3-SiO2-Al2O3) were prepared using standard sol-gel route. Tungsten oxide tetraethoxide (WO(OCH2CH3)4) was used as the sol-gel precursor. The excellent properties of the gels obtained by the sol-gel synthesis were preserved upon supercritical drying with CO2. After supercritical drying at 40 °C and 100 bar, all aerogels were calcined to 800 °C. The influence of the synthesis parameters on the catalytic activity of WO3as supported on silica andžor alumina aerogels was investigated through thetransformation of N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid to N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine. Despite including WO3 into single and mixed silicaand alumina aerogels, high specific surface areas (284-653 m2 g-1) were preserved. Higher conversion was obtained for catalysts with higher ratios of WO3 in the mixed silica-alumina aerogels that were calcined at 800 °C.
Ključne besede: chemical processing, aerogels, catalysts, tungsten oxides, preparation of aerogels, characterisation of aerogels, supercritical CO2, supercritical drying, high pressure technology
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 2113; Prenosov: 47
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Opis: Abstract This paper presents a sequential two-stage strategy for the stochastic synthesis of chemical processes in which flexibility and static operability (the ability to adjust manipulated variables) are taken into account. In the first stage, the optimal flexible structure and optimal oversizing of the process units are determined in order to assure feasibility of design for a fixed degree of flexibility. In the second stage, the structural alternatives and additional manipulative variables are included in the mathematical model in order to introduce additional degrees of freedom for efficient control. The expected value of the objective function is approximated in both stages by a novel method, which relies on optimization at the central basic point (CBP). The latter is determined by a simple set-up procedure based on calculations of the objective functionćs conditional expectations for uncertain parameters. The feasibility is assured by simultaneous consideration of critical vertices. The important feature of the proposed stochastic model is that its size depends mainly on the number of design variables and not on the number of uncertain parameters. The strategy is illustrated by two examples for heat exchanger network synthesis.
Ključne besede: chemical processing, process synthesis, MINLP, mixed integer nonlinear programming, flexibility, operability, controllability, steady state model
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 2622; Prenosov: 98
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