1. Creative alienation in art due to artificial intelligenceMahmut Özer, Matjaž Perc, 2025, review article Abstract: Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming operations across diverse sectors, including education, healthcare, the arts, economics, pharmaceuticals, and defense. In particular, generative AI has begun to reshape content-driven fields such as text generation, graphic and video production, and cross-lingual translation. Its growing role in artistic domains is especially noteworthy. However, as AI becomes more integrated into creative processes, a range of challenges has emerged. These include concerns about data privacy, biased or inaccurate content, hallucinated outputs, and disruptions to employment. At the same time, efforts to address these issues are underway. Research has also shown that AI tools, while reducing cognitive load, may diminish active engagement in learning. This disengagement can lead to shallow learning, distorted memory formation, and weakened critical thinking. Against this backdrop, the present study explores the issue of alienation that arises in the relationship between the artist and their work as AI becomes a creative agent. It also examines the connection between this alienation and the artist’s cognitive and neural engagement during the creative process.
Keywords: art, alienation, cognitive load, labor, brain activity, social physics
Published in DKUM: 21.10.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 7
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3. Student perceptions of the importance of art content and activities in schools of general education and vocational schools in Croatia and Bosnia and HerzegovinaMiroslav Drljača, Siniša Opić, Milan Matijević, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of research was to examine how students in higher secondary education estimate the importance of visual arts subjects for the acquisition of general knowledge and the importance of visual arts for their future profession. The participants (N=605) were students in the third year of higher secondary education. Although the participants in the sample did not attach importance to visual arts for their future professions, they assessed that during their education, activities that necessitated working with their hands helped them in developing their memorization skills and the ability to learn other subjects.
Keywords: visual arts, general education, educational neuroscience, educational sciences, brain development
Published in DKUM: 19.06.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 26
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4. Diagnosing the issue : understanding and combating medical brain drain in Bosnia and HerzegovinaHatidza Jahic, Nejra Hadžiahmetović-Milišić, Lejla Dedović, Emina Kuloglija, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This study investigates emigration patterns among healthcare professionals in Bosnia and Herzegovina, examining the underlying reasons for emigration and proposing actionable solutions to curb this trend. A mixed-methods approach is employed, combining quantitative data from surveys administered to medical and health studies students with qualitative insights from interviews with governmental officials, language educators, and statistical agencies. The findings reveal significant dissatisfaction with socio-economic and political conditions, prompting healthcare professionals to seek opportunities abroad. Major reasons for going abroad include political instability, low wages, and poor working conditions, while better pay and career opportunities are attracting factors. While the study is limited by the lack of comprehensive official statistics on emigration, the implications of this research emphasize the need for policy interventions aiming to improve local working conditions and reform educational systems. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to effectively address the issue of brain drain.
Keywords: healthcare Emigration trends, socio-economic challenges, brain drain, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published in DKUM: 28.05.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 6
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5. EEG-based finger movement classification with intrinsic time-scale decompositionMurside Degirmenci, Yilmaz Kemal Yuce, Matjaž Perc, Yalcin Isler, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: brain-computer interfaces, electroencephalogram, feature reduction, machine learning, finger movements classification, time series analysis
Published in DKUM: 16.04.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 3
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6. Neurological outcome in patients after successful resuscitation in out-of-hospital settingsMartin Marinšek, Andreja Sinkovič, David Šuran, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Neurological outcome is an important determinant of death in admitted survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Studies demonstrated several significant pre-hospital predictors of ischemic brain injury (time to resuscitation, time of resuscitation, and cause of OHCA). Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between post-resuscitation clinical parameters and neurological outcome in OHCA patients, when all recommended therapeutic strategies, including hypothermia, were on board. We retrospectively included consecutive 110 patients, admitted to the medical ICU after successful resuscitation due to OHCA. Neurological outcome was defined by cerebral performance category (CPC) scale I-V. CPC categories I-II defined good neurological outcome and CPC categories III-V severe ischemic brain injury. Therapeutic measures were aimed to achieve optimal circulation and oxygenation, early percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and therapeutic hypothermia to improve survival and neurological outcome of OHCA patients. We observed good neurological outcome in 37.2% and severe ischemic brain injury in 62.7% of patients. Severe ischemic brain injury was associated significantly with known pre-hospital data (older age, cause of OHCA, and longer resuscitations), but also with increased admission lactate, in-hospital complications (involuntary muscular contractions/seizures, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, acute kidney injury, and mortality), and inotropic and vasopressor support. Good neurological outcome was associated with early PCI, dual antiplatelet therapy, and better survival. We conclude that in OHCA patients, post-resuscitation early PCI and dual antiplatelet therapy in ACS were significantly associated with good neurological outcome, but severe ischemic brain injury was associated with several in-hospital complications and the need for vasopressor and inotropic support.
Keywords: out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, OHCA, ischemic brain injury, resuscitation
Published in DKUM: 30.01.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 27
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7. EEG channel and feature investigation in binary and multiple motor imagery task predictionsMurside Degirmenci, Yilmaz Kemal Yuce, Matjaž Perc, Yalcin Isler, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: brain-computer interfaces, electroencephalogram, feature and channel investigation, feature selection, machine learning, motor imagery task classification
Published in DKUM: 19.12.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 6
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8. Simulation study of different OPM-MEG measurement componentsUrban Marhl, Tilmann Sander, Vojko Jazbinšek, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neuroimaging technique that measures the magnetic fields of the brain outside of the head. In the past, the most suitable magnetometer for MEG was the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), but in recent years, a new type has also been used, the optically pumped magnetometer (OPM). OPMs can be configured to measure multiple directions of magnetic field simultaneously. This work explored whether combining multiple directions of the magnetic field lowers the source localization error of brain sources under various conditions of noise. We simulated dipolar-like sources for multiple configurations of both SQUID- and OPM-MEG systems. To test the performance of a given layout, we calculated the average signal-to-noise ratio and the root mean square of the simulated magnetic field; furthermore, we evaluated the performance of the dipole fit. The results showed that the field direction normal to the scalp yields a higher signal-to-noise ratio and that ambient noise has a much lower impact on its localization error; therefore, this is the optimal choice for source localization when only one direction of magnetic field can be measured. For a low number of OPMs, combining multiple field directions greatly improves the source localization results. Lastly, we showed that MEG sensors that can be placed closer to the brain are more suitable for localizing deeper sources.
Keywords: magnetoencephalography, optically pumped magnetometers, superconducting quantum interference device, volume conductor, boundary element method, equivalent current dipole, source localization, ambient noise, spontaneous brain noise
Published in DKUM: 16.12.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 10
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9. Overview of the efficacy of using probiotics for neurosurgical and potential neurosurgical patientsSabina Fijan, Tomaž Šmigoc, 2024, review article Abstract: This review delves into the emerging field of the gut microbiota-brain axis, emphasizing its bidirectional communication and implications for neurological health, particularly in trauma and neurosurgery. While disruptions in this axis can lead to dysbiosis and hinder neurological recovery, recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of interventions like probiotics in targeting this axis. This review aims to focus on the efficacy of probiotic supplementation to support the gut microbiota-brain axis in trauma, neurosurgery, or pain based on the current clinical trials to assess the complex interplays among probiotics, the gut microbiota, and the central nervous system (CNS). This comprehensive literature review identified 10 relevant publications on probiotic interventions for various neurosurgical conditions across multiple countries. These studies demonstrated diverse outcomes, with significant improvements observed in gastrointestinal mobility, inflammatory responses, and infection rates, particularly in post-traumatic brain injury and spinal surgery. Probiotics also showed promise in mitigating antibiotic-associated diarrhea and modulating inflammatory cytokines. Despite the promising findings, the complex interplays among probiotics, the gut microbiota, and the central nervous system (CNS) call for cautious interpretation. Conflicting outcomes emphasize the need for better-designed trials to understand strain-specific and disease-specific effects accurately. In conclusion, probiotics offer a promising adjuvant therapy for neurosurgical patients, traumatic brain injuries, and post-spinal surgery. However, further well-designed randomized controlled trials are essential to elucidate the intricate relationship between microbiome-modulating interventions and the CNS via the gut microbiota-brain axis.
Keywords: neurologic injury, neurosurgery, probiotics, synbiotics, microbiota, brain injury
Published in DKUM: 21.11.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 12
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10. Isolation of live cells from different mice tissues up to nine days after deathMetka Voga, Ana Pleterski, Gregor Majdič, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Some limited reports suggest that cells can survive in the cadavers for much longer than it was previously thought. In our study we explored how time after death, tissue type (muscle, brain and adipose tissue), storage temperature of cadavers (4 °C or at room temperature) and form of tissue storage (stored as cadavers or tissue pieces in phosphate buffered saline) affect the success of harvesting live cells from mice after death. Cells were isolated from dead tissues and grown in standard conditions. Some cells were used for RNA extraction and RT² Profiler™ PCR Array for cell lineage identification was performed to establish which lineages the cells obtained from post mortem tissues belong to. Results of our study showed that viable cells can be regularly isolated from muscle and brain tissue 3 days post mortem and with difficulty up to 6 days post mortem. Viable cells from brain tissue can be isolated up to 9 days post mortem. No cells were isolated from adipose tissue except immediately after death. In all instances viable cells were isolated only when tissues were stored at 4 °C. Tissue storage did not affect cell isolation. Isolated cells were progenitors from different germ layers. Our results show that live cells could be obtained from mouse cadavers several days after death.
Keywords: mouse, cadaver, stem cells, brain, muscle, adipose tissue
Published in DKUM: 21.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 5
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