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Abstract: Vaccine hesitancy and its determinants have been previously widely researched. Vaccine hesitancy has been defined as a continuum of attitudes, ranging from accepting vaccines with doubts to rejecting them. The present study aims to explore the heterogeneity of a childhood-vaccine-hesitant group by using a person-oriented approach-latent profile analysis. A non-representative cross-sectional sample of vaccine-hesitant Slovenians (N = 421, Mage = 35.21, 82.9% women) was used to identify differences based on their reliance on personal research (“self” researching instead of relying on science), overconfidence in knowledge, endorsement of conspiracy theories, complementary and alternative medicine, and trust in the healthcare system. The analysis revealed three profiles of vaccine-hesitant individuals. The most hesitant profile-vaccine rejecting-expressed the greatest reliance on personal research, expressed the highest endorsement of conspiracy theories and complementary and alternative medicine, showed moderate overconfidence in their knowledge, and expressed the highest levels of distrust in the healthcare system. We further found differences in sociodemographic structure and that the identified profiles differed in their attitudes regarding MMR, HPV, and Seasonal Influenza vaccinations. The present study demonstrates the heterogeneity of the vaccine-hesitant community and offers insights into some of the traits, which are crucial for designing pro-vaccine campaigns.
Keywords: vaccine hesitancy, heterogeneity, latent profile analysis, complementary and alternative medicine, CAM, conspiracy theories, trust in healthcare system
Published in DKUM: 21.08.2024; Views: 101; Downloads: 8
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Abstract: Introduction: Politically left-leaning individuals are more likely to get vaccinated against COVID-19, although little is known about the mechanisms underlying the ideological differences in vaccination intentions. Understanding the extent to which trust in the healthcare system, in complementary and alternative medicine, and the perceived threat from the disease contribute to these disparities is crucial, as it could inform targeted interventions to address vaccine hesitancy across the political spectrum. Methods: The present cross-sectional study conducted among adults living in Slovenia (n  =  858) examined the mediating role of trust in the healthcare system, trust in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the perceived threat from the virus on COVID-19 vaccination intention. Results: We found that leftist ideology and trust in the healthcare system positively predicted vaccination intention, whereas CAM negatively predicted this intention. In addition, left-leaning individuals expressed greater trust in the healthcare system and lower trust in CAM, resulting in higher levels of COVID-19 vaccination intention. The serial mediation model confirmed that trust in CAM was a negative predictor, while trust in the healthcare system positively predicted perceived threat. Discussion: When dealing with vaccine hesitancy among right-oriented individuals, strategies should focus on enhancing trust in the healthcare system and critically evaluating the reliance on CAM.
Keywords: vaccine hesitancy, political ideology, percieved threat, trust, healthcare system, complementary medicine, alternative medicine
Published in DKUM: 08.04.2024; Views: 293; Downloads: 10
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Abstract: In order to realize the goals of the EU Farm to Fork strategy, grape growers are introducing new grape-growing technologies. Among the new trends, "0-pesticide residue" protection is quite a promising one. Field trials were carried out in vineyards located in the Mediterranean part of Slovenia in 2021 and 2022 to test the "0-pesticide residue" (ZPR) grape protection system with the goal of producing wine without pesticide residues above the limit of 0.001 mg kg(-1). The standard integrated grape protection program (IP) was compared to the ZPR program. The level of infection of leaves and grapes by fungal pathogens did not significantly increase due to the implementation of the ZPR spray program. The amount of yield and quality of yield were not decreased significantly, but a small financial loss of EUR 70-400 ha(-1) appeared at ZPR grape production when compared to the IP production system. The ZPR system enabled a significant decrease in pesticide residue concentration in wine at a rate of 27 applied pesticide active substances in a rage from 20% to 99%. The goal of producing wine without pesticide residues above the limit concentration of 0.001 mg kg(-1) was not completely achieved in these experiments, but we came very close to it with the tested spraying programs. Further finetuning of pesticide positioning and alternative plant protection products in 0-pesticide residue systems is needed.
Keywords: grape, wine, pesticide, reduction, economics, IPM, alternative plant protection products
Published in DKUM: 09.02.2024; Views: 388; Downloads: 17
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Keywords: energetics, renewable energy sources, production, alternative energy sources, environmental protection
Published in DKUM: 27.10.2023; Views: 512; Downloads: 14
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Abstract: Nowadays, pharmaceutical industry is striving to find more biologically relevant solutions and to move from synthetic to biological products. Biopharmaceuticals represent an emerging sector in the pharmaceutical industry and are useful for a wide range of indications, including oncology and rheumatology. The development and optimisation of bioprocesses at laboratory scale is crucial for process understanding and translation into production. Bioprocess development often begins with comparison of several potential clones to be characterized, tested in low-volume cultures with different media or other variables, and then evaluated for growth, productivity, and consistency. The purpose of this master's thesis is to review changes in growth curves, substrate consumption, yield, and product quality of a mammalian cell line when substituting glucose as the main carbon source with alternative energy sources. This master thesis presents an attempt to adapt a mammalian CHO cell line to alternative energy sources. A comparison of the cultivation with maintenance of the CHO mammalian cell line by an intensified and a classical process is also shown. Substrate requirements at different time points of the process were monitored using phenotypic microarrays. Based on the obtained and analyzed results of the phenotypic microarrays, we tried to optimize the cell culture supplementation strategy. We have tried to use small molecules to facilitate adaptation to alternative energy sources. Our results showed that growing CHO cell culture on an alternative energy source-maltose and cell reprogramming with small molecules affects the quality of the product. Trends in cell growth, substrate consumption, by-product excretion and final product concentration are similar between the reference cell cultures and those pre-treated with small molecules. We found that adapting a mammalian CHO cell line to an alternative energy source is a challenging process that would need to be carried out over a long period of time.
Keywords: CHO cells, bioprocess, phenotyping, alternative energy sources, glycan mapping
Published in DKUM: 05.10.2023; Views: 356; Downloads: 86
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