Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: The interaction of microorganisms and their enzyme activity is one of the key indicators for a comprehensive measurement of soil health. The aim of this study was to determine significant correlations between different soil microorganisms and enzyme activities of β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, urease, arylamidase, phosphatase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and arylsulfatase after supplementation with standard fertilizer, spent mushroom substrate and composed fertilizer in soils from conventional–integrated, organic and biodynamic farming. Samples were grouped according to the farming system and fertilization for all seasons. The biodynamic farm was the least affected by the different fertilizations, except for standard fertilization. Standard fertilizer caused negative correlations between the actinomycetes and the arylsulfatase in organic and biodynamic farms. The same fertilization affected the actinomycetes/phosphatase relationship differently, regardless of the basic soil structure. Actinomycetes correlated positively with acid phosphatase and urease in conventional–integrated and biodynamic farms after spent mushroom substrate, respectively. Arylamidase activity in relation to total microorganisms responded to fertilization with standard fertilizer and spent mushroom substrate independently of the basic soil structure. Fertilization can influence the soil microbe/enzyme relationships in different soils. Regardless of the basic soil structure, some of these relationships could be important indicators for further studies.
Ključne besede: agriculture, conventional-integrated, organic, biodynamic, fertilization, soil microorganisms, soil enzyme activity
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
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Opis: Background: This paper aims to analyze the possibilities of the agricultural sector of the Western Balkan to assess compliance with the European Green Deal, which provides for the implementation of activities, which should enable the transition to sustainable agriculture and climate change mitigation. This paper is among the first to present the causality of agriculture and climate change (status, mitigation, and perspectives) in general and in light of the European Green Deal for the Western Balkan territory. Main text: Agricultural production is a leading industry in the Western Balkan. Climate change and predictions that temperatures will increase by 4 °C in the coming decades pose a risk not only to agricultural production but also to the safety of the population, because agriculture is the main source of income for a significant part of it. Uncontrolled floods and droughts caused by climate change are a particular danger for agriculture and human existence. This paper demonstrates that agriculture in the WB can be considered critically affected by climate change. Conclusions:Unless appropriate measures are taken and risk management for water resources and agriculture is improved, there will be a further decrease in precipitation and an increase in dry days by 20%. Such a scenario endangers not only the already vulnerable climate sustainability and biodiversity of the region but also the existence of a population employed in agriculture and the contribution of the agricultural sector to the gross domestic product. However, future planning based on the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) and European Green Deal, the adoption of a related regulatory framework, the establishment and regular monitoring of supporting financing mechanisms, regional cooperation, and improving risk management (with emphasis on the local level) can mitigate the present impact and decrease the expected negative impact of climate change on agriculture and biodiversity in the WB region.
Ključne besede: climate change, sustainable agriculture, risk management, Western Balkan countries, European Green Deal
Objavljeno v DKUM: 08.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 8
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Opis: Precision agriculture (PA) through the use and utilization of innovative technologies is a concept in agricultural management that enables long-term efficiency gains, control of unforeseen changes, and a reduction of negative impacts on the environment. However, there are even more reasons and benefits to using precision agriculture technologies (PATs) on farms, but the actual use on small farms is often questionable. The main objective of this research was to evaluate and analyze the current state of PA and its potential on a set of small farms. In addition, a comparison was made between small farms located in less favored areas (LFAs) and more favored areas (MFAs) to find if specific characteristics of the surrounding environment affect the (non-) implementation of these technologies by farm owners, with respect to the given regional possibilities. The result shows that 57.5% of respondents on these farms have never implemented PATs before and 20% are beginners in their respective fields. It was found that there were no statistically significant differences in the integration between fewer LFAs and MFAs technologies and their use in this study. The majority of respondents believe that the main changes need to occur on the level of politics. The results show that the level of cost or initial investment is the main reason and the main obstacle in the implementation of PATs on the surveyed farms.
Ključne besede: precision agriculture, small farm, technological innovations, implementation, situation overview, survey, ICT
Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.07.2024; Ogledov: 161; Prenosov: 21
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Opis: Federated learning (FL), with the aim of training machine learning models using data and computational resources on edge devices without sharing raw local data, is essential for improving agricultural management and smart agriculture. This study is a review of FL applications that address various agricultural problems. We compare the types of data partitioning and types of FL (horizontal partitioning and horizontal FL, vertical partitioning and vertical FL, and hybrid partitioning and transfer FL), architectures (centralized and decentralized), levels of federation (cross-device and cross-silo), and the use of aggregation algorithms in different reviewed approaches and applications of FL in agriculture. We also briefly review how the communication challenge is solved by different approaches. This work is useful for gaining an overview of the FL techniques used in agriculture and the progress made in this field.
Ključne besede: federated learning, agriculture, architecture, data partitioning, federation scal, aggregation algorithms, communication bottleneck
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.06.2024; Ogledov: 142; Prenosov: 37
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Opis: This study examined the relationship between the Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF) and agriculture development in Karnataka from 1995 to 2021. While presenting the budget speech for 1995–1996, the honorable union finance minister introduced the RIDF program. The RBI monitors the funding for the RIDF program through NABARD, which has a corpus of Rs. 2,000 crores from commercial and regional banks, among other sources. The program funds the social sector, small to medium irrigation, rural connectivity, and agricultural and related activities. The study evaluated the performance of the RIDF in the State critically. It also observed that several projects remained incomplete even after taking loans from the RIDF. Many states might be unable to take on this financial load due to most governments' dire financial circumstances. Despite this, there have been some physical advancements in rural irrigation, roads, and bridges. The nation's states and regions, however, do not all share the same achievement levels, therefore suggesting necessary steps to ensure proper fund utilization and decrease rural poverty and intra-regional disparity in Karnataka.
Ključne besede: agriculture development, finance, infrastructure, Karnataka, rural area
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.03.2024; Ogledov: 286; Prenosov: 13
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