Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: We identify managerial challenges offered by an emergent nanotechnology innovation system in which knowledge is dispersed, asymmetric and contested. We argue the proposed models of knowledge absorption and transformation enhance existing theories of knowledge and emergent technology by recognizing how and why knowledge flows among the actors in emergent technology innovationsystem. We base our argument on combined research evidence from a Delphi study concerning the future of European manufacturing, from which a selected statement has been analyzed, and from analysis of the NanoManufacturing Institute at Leeds University, UK; specifically its work in building ties between different actors associated with nanotechnology. We conclude our paper with suggestions for future research.
Ključne besede: technology management, nanotehnology, innovation systems, knowledge flows, absorptive capacity, transformative capacity
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.05.2012; Ogledov: 1848; Prenosov: 98
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Opis: This paper deals with the problem of performance benchmarking of traditional beet sugar plants, by considering Best Available Techniques (BAT) for beet sugar production, as determined by the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive. A Fuzzy Logic Model, based on fuzzy set theory, was constructed for this purpose, in order to compare the performances of sugar plants within the sector's best standards, as expressed in the Reference Document on BAT. The effectiveness of the model was tested in the case study,in which three sugar plants were benchmarked against the BAT regarding the consumption of energy, water, raw materials and the production of wastes, wastewater, by-products and the main product. The model was recognized as helpful for the benchmarking needs of sugar plants. In addition, by integrating BAT Reference Document analysis into the model, it provides IPPC permitting authorities with an objective method and uniform BAT benchmarks to manage permitting process.
Ključne besede: chemical processing, beet sugar production, sugar industry, clean technologies, performance benchmarking, IPPC Directive, technology performance assessment, fuzzy set theory, best available techniques, IPPC permitting process
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.05.2012; Ogledov: 2648; Prenosov: 95
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Opis: Sugar fatty acid esters are biodegradable surface active compounds in foodstuffs and cosmetics or pharmaceuticals. They have potential in replacing pollutant chemically synthesized surfactants. The enzymatic synthesis of fructose palmitate catalyzed by Candida antarctica B lipase was performed in different organic media in a batch react at atmospheric pressure. The influence of the organic solvent and temperature on the esterification was studied. Since supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO2) has several advantages over organic solvents, such as high reaction rate, high mass transfer, non-toxicity, non flammability and low price, it was also chosen as a reaction medium for fructose palmitate production. The influence of temperature on immobilized lipase activity was studied at 10 MPa and the results were compared to the results obtained from reactions performed at atmospheric pressure under the same reaction conditions. The highest conversion (67%) was obtained after 24 hours of reaction in SC C02 at 80°C. A change of the particle size distribution and morphology of the untreated lipase and lipase treated with 2-methyl 2-butanol and SC C02 was observed. This article was presented at 1st SEECChE, held in Belgrade, September 25-28, 2005
Ključne besede: chemical processing, high pressure technology, supercritical CO2, lipase catalyzed syntheses, esterification, fructose palmitate, biocatalysts, lipase, Candida antarctica B
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.05.2012; Ogledov: 2712; Prenosov: 502
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Opis: In the present work, high-pressure extraction of borage (Borago officinalis L.) and evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) seed oil, containing the valuable -linolenic acid (GLA), has been investigated. Extraction was performed with supercritical carbon dioxide on a semi-continuous flow apparatus at pressures of 200 and 300 bar, and at temperatures of 40 and 60 °C. A constant flow rate of carbon dioxide in the range from 0.17 to 0.20 kgžhwas maintained during extraction. The extraction yields obtained using dense CO2 were similar to those obtained with conventional extraction using hexane as solvent. The composition of extracted crude oil was determined by GCanalysis. The best results were obtained at 300 bar and 40 °C for both seed types extracted, where the quality of oil was highest with regard to GLA content. The evening primrose seed oil extracted with supercritical fluid extraction was particularly rich in unsaturated fatty acidsČ up to 89.7 wt-% of total free fatty acids in the oil. The dynamic behavior of the extraction runs was analyzed using two mathematical models for describing the constant rate period and the subsequent falling rate period. Based on the experimental data, external mass transfer coefficients, diffusion coefficients and diffusivity in solid phase were estimated. Results showed good agreement between calculated and experimental data.
Ključne besede: chemical processing, high pressure technology, supecritical CO2, seed oil extraction, evening primrose, borage, free fatty acids, kinetics, modeling
Objavljeno v DKUM: 31.05.2012; Ogledov: 2348; Prenosov: 109
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Opis: In this thesis a model of technological, marketing and complementary competencies in relation to firms’ innovative performance is developed and validated drawing from competence based theory of competitive advantage with regard to new product development and innovation activity. Research is based on a cross-industry survey and tested on a sample of 65 product lines belonging to 50 established Slovenian manufacturing firms, both large and middle-sized. Segmentation of firms is carried out using the variables of innovative performance by means of the clustering method and identifies three firm segments – technology-leaders, technology-followers with strong competencies and technology-followers with weak competencies. The model is tested by applying the partial least squares structural modelling tool SmartPLS. A positive link between the constructs is confirmed; however, competencies differ according to the innovative strategy pursued by the firms, namely incremental innovation, radical innovation and trend-setting. I further confirm that innovative performance has a positive effect on a firm’s business performance and show that environmental effects – technological and marketing turbulence – have a limited influence on the relationship. The implications of the findings are valuable to firms aligning their competencies with their strategy, as well as to policy makers in technology-following countries.
Ključne besede: industrial enterprises, innovations, technology, competence, competition, competitive advantage, market, models, analysis
Objavljeno v DKUM: 30.05.2012; Ogledov: 2340; Prenosov: 95
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