1. A novel off-chain channel model for blockchain-based solutions : doctoral dissertationBlaž Podgorelec, 2024, doctoral dissertation Abstract: This dissertation introduces a novel off-chain channel model aimed at enhancing existing solutions to address scalability challenges in blockchain technology. It begins with an overview of the problem statement, research objectives, methodology, and potential limitations before establishing a thesis and hypotheses. A comprehensive theoretical background on blockchain technology, scalability solutions, and the off-chain channel approach ensures a common understanding of the topic. To provide a thorough overview of existing off-chain channel solutions and identify and categorize their limitations, we conducted a systematic literature review, identifying 65 relevant studies. Through detailed analysis, six categories of solutions and six implemented off-chain channel solutions were identified. Five primary categories of limitations were also identified: routing, flexibility, privacy, network properties, and online assumptions, some with sub-limitations. To address these limitations, a new off-chain channel model, named ”Off-chain Channel as a Service,” is proposed, featuring four core design decisions: eliminating the need for an off-chain channel network, assuming blockchain properties by design, introducing a trustworthy service, and enabling flexibility by design. Validation and evaluation of the proposed model employ case-study and experiment research methods to confirm compliance with off-chain channel principles, validate it against identified limitations of existing solutions, analyze its impact on blockchain scalability, and assess its applicability across blockchain platforms. For this purpose, two off-chain payment channel prototype solutions have been implemented, each using a different underlying blockchain platform, namely Ethereum and Solana. Moreover, the proposed model’s security evaluation using risk-analysis methodology is also provided. Qualitative and quantitative analysis demonstrates that the proposed off-chain channel model adheres to off-chain channel principles, improves most identified limitations of existing solutions, positively impacts blockchain scalability, and can be applied to different blockchain platforms supported by smart contracts.
Keywords: blockchain, distributed ledger technology, smart contracts, scalability, off-chain channel, payment channel
Published in DKUM: 01.10.2024; Views: 0; Downloads: 4
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2. Blockchain tehnologija na vzponu : študija sprejetja kripto valut v sklopu slovenskega hotelirstvaŽiga Zdovc, 2024, master's thesis Abstract: Magistrska naloga obravnavna segment blockchain tehnologije in kripto valut v turistični dejavnosti, predvsem pa uporabo blockchain tehnologije in kripto valut v sklopu slovenskega hotelirstva. Ugotovili smo, da blockchain tehnologija predstavlja novo inovacijo v okviru segmenta informacijske in finančne tehnologije, ki omogoča izgradnjo čisto novih oblik med-deležniških (P2P) in decentraliziranih digitalnih platform. Segment kripto valut pa predstavlja najbolj vidno obliko blockchain tehnologije in so ena od novejših tehnoloških inovacij v okviru finančnega gospodarstva. V procesu izvedbe raziskovalnega dela magistrske naloge smo se osredotočili na raziskovanje sprejemanja tehnologije kripto valut med slovenskimi hotelirskimi ponudniki, kjer smo uporabili model sprejemanja tehnologije ⎯ TAM. Rezultati magistrske naloge nakazujejo, da slovenski hotelirji še ne vidijo tehnologije kripto valut kot uporabnega in razvojnega potenciala, ki ga bi v svoja podjetja implementirali v bližnji prihodnosti, vendar obenem niso izrazito nenaklonjeni morebitni uporabi kripto valut v prihodnosti njihovega delovanja. Slovenski hotelirji so zaenkrat še v vlogi stranskih opazovalcev, ki čakajo na večje premike in dogajanja v segmentu blockchain tehnologije in uporabi kripto valut. Ugotovitve našega TAM modela predlagajo, da je za namen sprejemanja tehnologije kripto valut v hotelirski dejavnosti najbolj pomemben vidik predhodno zaznane uporabnosti tehnologije in v manjšem merilu tudi dejanske enostavnosti uporabe tehnologije. Prav tako pa je pomemben dejavnik trenutnega zaupanja v tehnologijo, ki so si ga slovenski hotelirji izoblikovali skozi njihovo dosedanjo percepcijo blockchain tehnologije in segmenta kripto valut.
Keywords: Blockchain tehnologija, kripto valute, kripto valute v hotelirstvu, kripto turizem, model sprejemanja tehnologije ⎯ TAM.
Published in DKUM: 19.04.2024; Views: 298; Downloads: 25
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3. Blockchain technology adoption for improved environmental supply chain performance : the mediation effect of supply chain resilience, customer integration, and green customer information sharingSummer K. Mohamed, Sandra Haddad, Mahmoud Barakat, Bojan Rosi, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Due to the complexity of building supply chain resilience (SCR) towards long-term environmental sustainability amendments, the use of emerging technologies such as Blockchain Technology (BCT) can be adopted as an innovative tool to enhance the sustainability and resilience of supply chains, especially in uncertain environments. Drawing on the Knowledge-Based View (KBV) and Dynamic Capability View (DCV), this research aims to demonstrate how the adoption of BCT can enhance the environmental supply chain performance (SCP). A total of 603 valid surveys were collected from respondents from manufacturing and service organizations in Egypt. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modelling, and results revealed that BCT adoption alone had a negative direct impact on environmental SCP. However, when this relationship was mediated by SCR and sequentially mediated by customer integration and green customer information sharing, the results were positive. This research presents insights on how organizations can adapt to dynamic business environments, and, in addition, it extends the theories of KBV and DCV in an empirical contribution by filling the gap in understanding regarding how environmental SCP can be enhanced through the adoption of BCT.
Keywords: blockchain technology, environmental, supply chain, performance, resilience, customer integration, green, information sharing
Published in DKUM: 03.04.2024; Views: 235; Downloads: 8
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4. Inclusive regional value chains: blockchaining perishable agricultural products in Southern AfricaHamisi K. Sama, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: In Southern Africa due to unsystematically and uncoordinated regional value chain (RVCs), plenty of perishable agricultural products are lost because of spoilage and poor postharvest system misaligning upstream and downstream partners. Although appeal for increasing trade in Southern Africa region may seem plausible, there are strictly speaking no well-grounded economic reasons why perishable agricultural products trade should be an obsession. Broad-based inclusive RVCs through blockchaining perishable agricultural products could enable far more effective responses to region’s sustainable developmental challenges as it does in developed and emerging economies. Recently, the rise and expansion of inclusive RVCs and emphasis on blockchain has spurred major paradigm shift on revamping postharvest system. The investigate relevance of blockchaining initiatives towards inclusive RVCs to perishable agricultural products in Southern Africa. Through a quantitative research approach involving quantitative data collection methods, the research aims to assess the current challenges, opportunities, and perceptions regarding blockchain technology in the agricultural sector. Study findings practically and empirically contribute to excel blockchain for supporting development of inclusive and resilient value chains, providing insights for policymakers and stakeholders in promoting sustainable economic growth in Southern Africa's agricultural sector.
Keywords: inclusive regional value chain, blockchain, perishable agricultural products
Published in DKUM: 20.03.2024; Views: 244; Downloads: 9
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5. Orchestrating Digital Wallets for On- and Off-Chain Decentralized Identity ManagementVid Keršič, Urban Vidovic, Andraz Vrecko, Martin Domajnko, Muhamed Turkanović, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Digital identity is becoming one of the core elements during the digitalization age, when more and more processes and interactions are taking place in the digital sphere. Therefore, current identity management approaches will define how these interactions will look in the future, but different fields and communities often approach management with their own solutions and tools, despite their similarities. This includes decentralized digital identities, where the identity is managed with asymmetric cryptographic keys, and no centralized entity oversees the whole identity system. This paper focuses on managing on- and off-chain decentralized digital identities, with the former being used for blockchain networks and the latter for self-sovereignty and privacy. While both types of decentralized identity build on the same cryptographic and identity primitives, there is no single wallet that handles both. Therefore, this paper proposes an orchestration solution for both wallet types, which enables their convergence to a single universal wallet and validates it with a real-life decentralized identity use case.
Keywords: blockchain networks, current identity management approaches, decentralized digital identities, digital identity, digital sphere, digitalization age, on-and-off-chain decentralized identity management, orchestrating digital wallets, real-life decentralized identity, same cryptographic identity
Published in DKUM: 06.12.2023; Views: 502; Downloads: 18
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6. Towards a Catalogue of Self-Sovereign Identity Design PatternsŠpela Čučko, Vid Keršič, Muhamed Turkanović, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Self-sovereign identity (SSI) is a user-centric, decentralised identity approach that provides a means for identification, authentication, and authorisation without the involvement of external entities, responsible for identity provisioning and management in current centralised and federated approaches. In general, the basic building blocks of an SSI system include decentralised identifiers, verifiable credentials, identity wallets, a verifiable data registry, and three main actors: issuer, identity holder, and verifier. Even though the SSI field is dominated by proposals, SSI systems can be implemented in different ways, which is reflected in the absence of a well-defined architecture. Thus, the best implementation is still a matter of research, the requirements of the individual system, and its field of application. However, well-designed and implemented systems are crucial to avoiding failures, speeding up the development process, ensuring high quality, and the broader adoption of SSI solutions. Hence, the main objective of this study was to identify design patterns and good practices of the SSI ecosystems by reviewing and analysing the literature, technical documentation, and existing SSI implementations. Therefore, the study is built on existing knowledge, and presents a comprehensive catalogue of thirty-five SSI design patterns that can serve as a starting point for a possible SSI system design.
Keywords: self-sovereign identity, decentralised identity, design patterns, decentralised identifiers, verifiable credentials, blockchain, verifiable data registry, identity wallets
Published in DKUM: 05.12.2023; Views: 448; Downloads: 52
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7. Blockchain-Based Solution for Future Energy Management in Existing InfrastructureDalibor Igrec, Aleš Breznik, Amor Chowdhury, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: The paper presents a possible solution for implementing blockchain technology in smart grid systems. The proposed solution presents new and improved smart grid management and operational overview options to all parties involved in energy generation, distribution and consumption, without any required hardware modifications and installments. The paper concluded with possible socio-economic implications of such technology.
Keywords: blockchain, smart grid, energy management, prosumer, sustainability
Published in DKUM: 04.12.2023; Views: 370; Downloads: 22
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8. Future tendencies of non-fungible tokensNenad Tomić, Violeta Todorović, Milena Jakšić, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Blockchain has been one of the key innovations in information technology in the last 15 years. An important aspect of applying blockchain technology is the creation of so-called non-fungible tokens (NFTs). Although the name resembles cryptocurrencies because of the word token, in practice, NFTs do not represent electronic money but a digital certificate of ownership of an asset. They effectively behave like tokens whose total supply is one, and it is immutable. Considering their technical and conceptual basis, NFTs can be defined as digital certificates of ownership based on blockchain tech- nology, the possession of which proves the indisputable ownership of the purchased digital asset. The subject of this paper is the conceptual basis of NFTs and the scope of their application in digital business. It aims to determine the value factors of NFTs and whether an expansion of their use can be expected in the future. The results of our research show that the essential advantage that NFTs bring to digital business is authentication. NFTs also enable the continuous collection of royalties by the author. The last, but potentially most powerful value generator of NFTs, is the creation of an ecosystem, where an online community is formed based on the initial forms of digital assets. Without standardization and regulation by states, NFTs will remain in the market niche of intensive Internet users
Keywords: artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens, exclusivity
Published in DKUM: 05.09.2023; Views: 393; Downloads: 6
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9. Zagotavljanje varnosti in zasebnosti ob prenosu preverljivih poverilnic : magistrsko deloNika Jeršič, 2023, master's thesis Abstract: Samoupravljalna identiteta (SSI) predstavlja nov model identitete, ki spada med decentralizirane
modele upravljanja digitalne identitete. Gre za koncept, ki si prizadeva zagotoviti
večji nadzor in avtonomijo posameznikov nad lastnimi podatki in identiteto v digitalnem
svetu. Varnostne težave so pomemben izziv pri razvoju SSI. Čeprav ta omogoča uporabnikom
popolno avtonomijo nad njihovimi digitalnimi identitetami, obstaja tveganje za
krajo osebnih podatkov ali vdor v digitalne denarnice. Poleg tega lahko napadalci izkoristijo
ranljivosti v shranjevanju kriptografskih ključev in protokolih za šifriranje podatkov.
Da bi rešili te težave, se razvijajo nove metode in protokoli za zagotavljanje varnosti in
zasebnosti pri prenosu podatkov. V sklopu zaključnega dela smo izvedli analizo STRIDE, s
katero smo naslovili nekaj pomembnejših varnostnih groženj, ki se lahko pojavijo med delovanjem
sistema SSI. Prav tako smo razvili prototip rešitve, ki do določene stopnje omili
identificirane varnostne težave in predlaga nov pristop pošiljanja preverljivih poverilnic
med izdajateljem in imetnikom identitete.
Keywords: SSI, preverljive poverilnice, blockchain, varnost, zasebnost
Published in DKUM: 07.06.2023; Views: 598; Downloads: 116
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10. Analysis of the principles of the development of Web3 solutions : master's thesisJaka Zavratnik, 2022, master's thesis Abstract: In the master's thesis, we researched the principles of Web3 solution development. We studied the blockchain and blockchain-related technology, development of the Web including all versions of the Web and the differences between them. We presented the popular technologies for Web3 development and the commonest Web3 solutions supported by examples. By employing a relevant literature, we explored the state-of-art technologies for Web3 solution development and proposed a full-stack for Web3. In the concluding part we implemented a proof-of-concept Ethereum decentralized application and compared it to an equivalent concept of Web2 application. We suggested further research of other popular blockchain protocols, e. g. Solana or Polygon.
Keywords: decentralized app, blockchain, Ethereum, Web3
Published in DKUM: 13.01.2023; Views: 693; Downloads: 119
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