1. ROBOTIC PROCESS AUTOMATION (RPA) IN AUDITINGFilip Tashkovski, 2024, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Auditing, as a form of control (for example over financial management or compliance), has traditionally relied on manual processes that are time-consuming, labor-intensive and prone to human error. With the advent of robotic process automation (RPA), there has been a paradigm shift from manual to automated processes in audit processes as well. Automation dates back to the 1990s, which led to the creation of robotic process automation (RPA) tools. Today we are approaching or we are in the fourth industrial revolution, the era of universal automation. RPA refers to the use of software robots (or "bots") to automate repetitive rule-based activities previously performed by humans. As companies try to keep up with rapid technological improvements, incorporating RPA into audit processes provides a number of benefits that can radically change auditing. RPA has emerged as a transformative technology in auditing, changing established approaches with its ability to improve productivity, accuracy and compliance. One of the most significant benefits of RPA in auditing is its ability to increase efficiency. Traditional audit procedures can sometimes be time-consuming and labor-intensive, as auditors must manually collect and evaluate data from multiple sources. RPA accelerates these activities by automating common tasks such as data entry, coordination and report generation. For example, an RPA robot can be trained to collect financial data from multiple sources (eg from multiple companies) and verify its accuracy using established criteria. This not only reduces the time required to perform audits, but also eliminates the possibility of human error. In addition to efficiency, there is another key advantage: accuracy. RPA enables auditors to take proactive measures to reduce risk, thereby protecting the financial integrity and reputation of the organization. By automating mundane and repetitive activities, RPA allows auditors to focus on more strategic activities that deliver value to the business. Auditors (in the broadest sense) can spend more time evaluating data models, finding areas for improvement, and making strategic suggestions to management. The aim of this bachelor's degree thesis is to explore and demonstrate the application of RPA in audit procedures, highlighting its benefits such as increased productivity, improved quality of rapid processing of large databases, improved risk management, and cost savings. The thesis also discusses the challenges and considerations related to the implementation of RPA in audit practices. The history of RPA is detailed, revealing its use by different industries and their goals. The thesis defines all types of RPA tools and their advantages and weaknesses. It also distinguishes between artificial intelligence (AI) and RPA, as it can confuse the activities of RPA tools with AI.
Keywords: robotic process automation, RPA, monitoring, analytics, security, productivity, auditing, audit process.
Published in DKUM: 09.09.2024; Views: 25; Downloads: 14
 Full text (1,64 MB) |
2. |
3. |
4. Issues in the recognition versus disclosure of financial information debateAleš Novak, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: Empirical evidence from the academic literature on capital market effects of financial information placement (i.e., recognition on the face of the primary financial statements versus disclosure in the notes to the financial statements) is not straightforward. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to contribute to the recognition versus required disclosure debate in a standard-setting context by exploring possible reasons for perceived differences between recognized and disclosed amounts. These differences, in our view, arise due to demonstrated auditors’ greater tolerance for misstatement in disclosed amounts, allowed non- compliance with disclosure requirements even in strong enforcement regimes, lesser care that preparers of financial statements devote to disclosures relative to recognized items as well as behavioural factors and differential processing costs related to the users of financial information. We believe that these arguments strengthen the case for the general preference for the recognition of financial information in the standard-setting context. The original scientific contribution of this paper is to systematically identify the reasons for the differences between recognized and disclosed amounts in financial statements. As such, this paper may provide a suitable basis for the justification of certain conceptual changes in the field of international accounting standards that are currently underway.
Keywords: auditing, disclosure, financial information, notes, recognition
Published in DKUM: 03.04.2017; Views: 1193; Downloads: 325
Full text (316,89 KB)
This document has many files! More... |
5. Upgrading of the management review on the basis of the EFQM excellence modelAnton Petrič, Boštjan Gomišček, 2011, original scientific article Abstract: Suppliers in the automotive industry can use for strategical planning a number of different approaches and tools, which can upgrade the quality management systems (ISO 9001, ISO/TS 14696) to achieve the breakthrough power to meet needs in order to achieve a significant role in the automotive supplying chain. One of the very popular and positively accepted tools to achieve continually improving is implementing of the principles of excellence, according to the EFQM model.
On the basis of case studies is in the article analysed and represented a useful value of the implementation of the quality management system audits and management review according to ISO/TS and their positive impact on the development of key indicators of the company TPV d.d. from Novo mesto, which is mounted as a development supplier in the automotive industry. With the implementation of self assessment according to the model of excellence EFQM we demonstrate the added value of the take up of the principles of excellence, according to the present system auditing according to ISO standards and the implementation of management review according to ISO/TS requirements.
We upgraded in the existing management system performing of management review as manager's tool, which came directly from the requirements of standard ISO/TS, on to the level of the fundamental principles of excellence by EFQM model and mark it as one of the more effective managers tools with which you can still effectively introduces the leadership of the continuous improvements and strategically manages the company.
Keywords: quality management standard, EFQM excellence model, auditing, self-assessment, management review
Published in DKUM: 10.07.2015; Views: 1909; Downloads: 415
Full text (822,99 KB)
This document has many files! More... |
6. ENERGY MANAGEMENT AS A TOOL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE COMPANY KOPUN SIMTO Ltd.Kaja Černjavič, 2013, master's thesis Abstract: The problem we referred to is great and mostly uncontrolled energy consumption in the public and private sector not just in Slovenia but also in other countries around the world. In Europe some restrictions were met, which resulted in 2009 in a new standard, the EN 16001:2009, two years later the International Standardization Body issued the ISO 50001:2011, energy management standard.
With the help of a case study potential in energy and emissions as well as overall environmental protection was presented. All anticipated research methods were followed, hypothesises set in the introduction were carefully researched and mainly proven to be right whereas some, hypothesis one and two, connected with the increase of energy consumption in Slovenia and hypothesis two, number of certificates per capita, were refuted. The overall consumption of energy in Slovenia decreased (table 2, page 15) in the year 2011 compared to 2010. Slovenia is also not the country with the lowest number of issued energy certificates per capita; Portugal has two (picture 1, page 35).
Hypothesises three to five linked to the study case were fully proven to be right; the company did not have an energy management programme but the owners were fully aware of the possibilities of energy savings. There was as well energy savings potential, proven to be even more that the first anticipated 50-percent.
Our conclusion is that energy management plays a key role in sustainable development and environment conservation practices, as it helps the country move towards an energy efficient economy. With the help of the case study we made a good illustration how a micro company saved 75-percent of energy costs in the first year, by using energy management as a tool. The main and general changes enhanced the company’s energy efficiency, taught employees some basic techniques for achieving greater energy efficiency and cost reduction not just inside the organization but also in family homes. It is important, that expenditures concerning energy purchase and consumption are exactly defined. Before the implementation and certainly after it, energy management accounting and energy management audits should be performed. This serves as a tool to realize and understand the full spectrum of the environmental costs and helps to create internal demand in businesses for cleaner and less wasteful production processes. It gives organizations a preferential position to engage in pollution prevention activities mainly because it makes good business sense due to the immediate financial benefits it delivers.
The prime goal of the thesis was to stimulate organizations to implement the concepts of energy management practices into their organizational structure and to use energy management systems for lowering energy and other environmental costs, no matter the size or segment the organization. There is no need to get certified if not wanted; just performing these activities is enough, as it brings all the benefits to the environment. Helping to achieve this goal is now mainly in the hands of others, it is important how the country will act and react and help organizations to achieve this goal. Different restrictions can be met on the field of law and taxes, subsidies, etc.
We believe that, for meeting all the required goals (Kyoto protocol and other) and help the economy to move towards a sustainable one, organizations will have to reorganize their structures and implement energy management. There are big potentials in reduction of emissions and energy consumption, with energy management, organizations can get the help and knowledge how to keep the budget of energy consumption as low as possible, how to meet all the critical objectives and also important, reduce their operational costs on a long-term basis.
Keywords: energy management, energy efficiency, energy conservation, energy consumption, energy accounting and auditing, energy manager, International Standards Organization (ISO), energy management system EnMS, cost efficiency
Published in DKUM: 19.05.2014; Views: 2189; Downloads: 135
Full text (1,68 MB) |
7. Ali je scientologija res religija?Biljana Vilendečić, 2012, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Diplomsko delo se osredotoča na scientologijo, ki jo je kot duhovni odgovor na znanstvene teze dianetike, razvil ameriški pisec Ron L. Hubbard. Scientologijo je Hubbard razvil konec petdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja, zato jo uvrščamo v nova religijska gibanja. Scientologija se je v letih od njenega nastanka spreminjala, vendar je njeno bistvo ostalo isto. Osredotoča se predvsem na človekovo doseganje duhovnosti in večnosti, pri tem pa uporablja specifične religijske prakse, predvsem revizijo (ang. auditing) in urjenje novih privržencev. Z revizijo želijo scientologi izbrisati travmatične spomine, ki pestijo vsakega človeka in mu tako izboljšati kakovost življenja. Pri reviziji uporabljajo tudi posebno napravo e-meter, s katero merijo čustvene odzive. Prav zaradi njenih verskih praks in nekonvencionalne organizacije pa je scientologija tarča številnih kritik. Diplomsko delo se osredotoča predvsem na splošno opredelitev novih religijskih gibanj in scientologije, njene doktrine in ugotavlja, ali je scientologija religija ali ne.
Keywords: Nova religijska gibanja, dianetika, scientologija, Ron L. Hubbard, revizija, auditing, e-meter
Published in DKUM: 11.06.2012; Views: 3676; Downloads: 354
Full text (1,04 MB) |
8. Project management : a managerial approachJack R. Meredith, Samuel J. Mantel, higher education textbook Keywords: projects, project management, management, manager, project organization, planning, project planning, conflicts, bargaining, negotiation, budgeting, costs, information systems, information resources, allocation, monitoring, control, auditing, statistics, probability, case study, textbooks
Published in DKUM: 01.06.2012; Views: 2391; Downloads: 114
 Link to full text |
9. Tveganje v bančništvu in njihovo upravljanjeTerezija Branda, 2009, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Banke igrajo kljuÄno vlogo v nacionalnih ekonomijah veÄine držav po svetu. Zdrav banÄni sistem je pomemben element finanÄne stabilnosti, ki pomeni osnovo za vzdževanje in razvoj gospodarskega sistema. Osnovna funkcija banÄnega sistema je finanÄno posredniÅ¡tvo: zbiranje finanÄnih sredstev od tistih, ki imajo presežke in njihovo posojanje tistim podjetjem ali posamezniku, ki jih potrebujejo.
Prevzemanje tveganj je neloÄljivo povezano z banÄniÅ¡tvom, pomanjkljivo zavedanje in upravljanje s tveganji pa lahko vodi v izgubo in ogrozi varnost banÄnih vlog. Zaradi pomembne vloge v nacionalni ekonomiji in zaupanja, ki ga imajo vlagatelji v banke, morajo te poslovati skrbno in varno ter vzdrževati primeren nivo kapitala in rezervacij za zaÅ¡Äito pred morebitnimi tveganji, ki izhajajo iz poslovanja. Vse banke so v ta namen podvržene nadzoru s strani države za to pooblaÅ¡Äenih institucij.
V zadnjih letih je finanÄni sektor doživel mnogo sprememb. DanaÅ¡nji banÄni sistem zaznamujejo predvsem:
* naraÅ¡ÄajoÄi obsegi trgovalnih aktivnosti,
* razvoj finanÄnih instrumentov,
* pojav globalizacije (24-urni trgi),
* povezovanje finanÄnih institucij,
* kompleksni poslovni odnosi z najveÄjimi strankami,
* podružnice postajajo prodajna mesta za vrsto razliÄnih produktov,
* naraÅ¡ÄajoÄa odvisnost od informacijske tehnologije,
* vse bolj zahtevna regulativa.
NaÅ¡teti dejavniki so botrovali vse hitrejÅ¡emu razvoju novih finanÄnih instrumentov, vzporedno s katerimi se pojavljajo nove oblike tveganj, ki so bolj kompleksne in manj transparentne. ÄŒe so v preteklosti finanÄni in raÄunovodski izkazi bank služili kot osnovno orodje za ocenjevanje varnosti in finanÄne moÄi banke, postaja danes njihova izrazna moÄ v smislu tveganosti banke vse bolj omejena. Analiza stanj na presežne datume ne zagotavlja veÄ ustrezne slike glede dejanske tveganosti banke.
Spremembam banÄne prakse mora slediti tudi nadzorna praksa, ki se iz pregleda usklajenosti z zakonodajo razÅ¡irja na ugotavljanje in ocenjevanje tveganj. Ker pa je tveganje rezultat kombinacije izpostavljenosti pripadajoÄemu tveganju in zmanjÅ¡evanju le – tega z notranjimi kontrolami, so predmet ocenjevanja poleg pripadajoÄega tveganja tudi notranje kontrole.
BanÄni nadzornik, ki po funkciji sam sicer ni nagnjen k prevzemanju tveganj, razume, da je temelj banÄniÅ¡tva v prevzemanju tveganj in da bo banka vedno izpostavljena doloÄenemu obsegu tveganja. Pomembno pri tem pa je, da se banka zaveda tveganja in da ima vzpostavljene ustrezne obrambne mehanizme za njegovo obvladovanje. Banke so zadnja leta izvedle pomembne investicije v razvoj novih metodologij, procedur in kontrol z namenom boljÅ¡ega identificiranja, merjenja in upravljanja tveganj. Vendar pa vzpostavljanje notranjih kontrol ni enkraten proces, ampak jih je treba redno pregledovati, preverjati in po potrebi nadgrajevati.
Upravljanje s kapitalom je zelo pomemben del strateÅ¡kega planiranja vsake banke. Prenizka raven kapitala lahko banko izpostavlja prekomernemu tveganju propada, po drugi strani pa previsok kapital banko sili k dvigovanju marž in provizij, da bi lahko zagotovila delniÄarjem primeren donos na vložena sredstva. Banka mora imeti vzpostavljen takÅ¡en proces upravljanja s kapitalom, ki bo zajel vsa materialna tveganja, ki se jim izpostavlja in bo pravoÄasno zaznaval spremembe v posamezni vrsti tveganja in temu ustrezno tudi prilagajal obseg razpoložljivega kapitala.
Vzpostavljanje pisne strategije, politike in procedure predstavljajo del notranjih kontrol, ki lahko bistveno zmanjÅ¡ajo kapitalsko tveganje banke. Interne politike in procedure morajo postati strateÅ¡ki element upravljanja s tveganjem, pri Äemer je potrebno doseÄi, da se bodo dosledno izvajale in ne bodo same sebi namen.
Keywords: * advanced measurement approach – napredni pristop
* basic indicator approach – enostavni pristop
* capital adequacy – kapitalska usreznost
* compliance – skladnost s predpisi
* inherent risk – pripadajoče tveganje
* internal auditing – notranje revidiranje
* moral hazard – moralno tveganje
* off-site supervision – zunanji nadzor
* on-site supervision – notranji nadzor
* risk-based supervision – nadzor, ki temelji na tveganju
* standardised a
Published in DKUM: 03.07.2009; Views: 3634; Downloads: 284
Full text (613,93 KB) |
