1. Taktilni kazalniki za slepe in slabovidne osebeNejc Brezočnik, 2024, diplomsko delo Opis: Vid je dragoceno darilo, ki nam omogoča raziskovanje sveta in zagotavlja ključno vlogo v vsakdanjem življenju, saj nam omogoča prepoznavanje nevarnosti in pravilno usmerjanje. Pogosto se pomena vida ne zavedamo, dokler ga ne izgubimo ali doživimo njegove omejitve. Vključenost slepih in slabovidnih v družbo zahteva prilagoditve javnih prostorov, vključno s taktilnimi oznakami na železniških in avtobusnih postajah, da bi jim omogočili samostojno in varno gibanje. Diplomsko delo preučuje učinkovitost teh sistemov na postajah v Mariboru in primerja njihove prednosti ter slabosti.
Ključne besede: TTVS, slepi in slabovidne osebe, vodilna linija, obvestilno polje, železniška postaja Maribor, avtobusna postaja Maribor, kontrast
Objavljeno v DKUM: 11.09.2024; Ogledov: 6; Prenosov: 2
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2. Ocena Kuznetsove krivulje v Sloveniji, Avstriji in NemčijiKatarina Leš, 2024, diplomsko delo Opis: Kuznetsova krivulja je ena izmed najbolj vztrajnih idej o gibanju gospodarske rasti in neenakosti. V sklopu diplomskega dela analiziramo teorijo Kuznetsove krivulje, pregledamo njegove kritike in veljavnost teorije danes. Podamo pregled empiričnih raziskav in opis gibanja gospodarske rasti ter dohodkovne neenakosti v Sloveniji, Avstriji in Nemčiji. Analiziramo in preverimo veljavnost hipoteze Kuznetsove krivulje za navedene države. V sklopu ekonometrične analize uporabimo spremenljivke vezane na dohodek, izobrazbo, državno potrošnjo, mednarodno trgovino, neto tuje investicije, delovno silo in neenakost med spoloma. Z uporabo metode najmanjših kvadratov analiziramo gibanje dohodkovne neenakosti in Kuznetsovo krivuljo potrdimo v primeru Slovenije, ne moremo je potrditi za Avstrijo in Nemčijo. V primeru Slovenije statistično značilno na vrednost Ginijevega indeksa vplivajo leta šolanja, delež industrije v BDP, državna potrošnja, delež delovne sile s terciarno izobrazbo, GDI in rast neto dohodka. Pozitivna povezava je vidna samo med državno potrošnjo in Ginijevim indeksom. V primeru Avstrije statistično značilno na odvisno spremenljivko vpliva delež industrije v BDP in delež delovne sile s terciarno izobrazbo. V primeru Avstrije imajo vse navedene spremenljivke negativen vpliv na vrednost odvisne spremenljivke. V primeru Nemčije imajo statistično značilen vpliv na Ginijev indeks delež industrije v BDP, delež delovne sile s terciarno izobrazbo, državni izdatki za izobrazbo in neto pritok NTI.
Ključne besede: ekonometrična analiza, metoda najmanjših kvadratov, dohodkovna neenakost, Kuznetsova krivulja, Slovenija, Avstrija, Nemčija.
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.09.2024; Ogledov: 90; Prenosov: 11
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3. Sistemi souporabe koles v urbanem okolju in vremenske razmere: primerjava Barcelone in Celja : diplomsko deloNejc Podkoritnik, 2024, diplomsko delo Opis: Diplomska naloga obravnava povezavo med vremenskimi razmerami in sistemi souporabe koles v urbanem okolju, pri čemer analizira in primerja rezultate med dvema izbranima sistemoma – Bicing v Barceloni in KolesCE v Celju. Glavni cilj raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali so vremenske razmere, kot so temperatura, padavine, veter ter različna vremenska stanja, statistično značilno povezana z uporabo kolesarskih sistemov za souporabo v obeh mestih. Za potrebe razumevanja tematike je bil najprej izveden pregled literature in obstoječih raziskav, kjer smo povzeli dosedanje ugotovitve o obravnavani tematiki. Temu je sledila raziskava, ki je osnovana na kvantitativni statistični analizi sekundarnih podatkov, pridobljenih iz sistema Bicing v Barceloni in sistema KolesCE v Celju ter podatkov vremenskih meteoroloških postaj za celotno leto 2022. V raziskavi je bila uporabljena deskriptivna in inferenčna statistična analiza, ki je bazirala na dveh statističnih testih (enostavna analiza varianc (angl. Analysis of Variance; v nadaljevanju: ANOVA) in Pearsonov korelacijski test). Rezultati statističnih analiz so v obeh obravnavanih sistemih pokazali obstoj statistično značilnih povezav med vremenom in karakteristikami uporabe sistemov souporabe koles. Omenjeni rezultati pa so tako doprinesli pomemben vpogled za oblikovalce mestnih politik in operaterje sistemov souporabe koles, kar lahko v prihodnje izboljša tako načrtovanje kot tudi opravljanje sistemov v različnih vremenskih razmerah.
Ključne besede: sistemi souporabe koles, vremenske karakteristike, Barcelona, Celje, primerjava sistemov souporabe koles
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.09.2024; Ogledov: 55; Prenosov: 10
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4. Development and validation of the perceived deepfake trustworthiness questionnaire (PDTQ) in three languagesNejc Plohl, Izidor Mlakar, Letizia Aquilino, Piercosma Bisconti, Urška Smrke, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Exposure to false information is becoming a common occurrence in our daily lives. New developments in artificial intelligence are now used to produce increasingly sophisticated multimedia false content, such as deepfakes, making false information even more challenging to detect and combat. This creates expansive opportunities to mislead individuals into believing fabricated claims and negatively influence their attitudes and behavior. Therefore, a better understanding of how individuals perceive such content and the variables related to the perceived trustworthiness of deepfakes is needed. In the present study, we developed and validated the Perceived Deepfake Trustworthiness Questionnaire (PDTQ) in English, Italian, and Slovene. This was done in three phases. First, we developed the initial pool of items by reviewing previous studies, generating items via interviews and surveys, and employing artificial intelligence. Second, we shortened and adapted the questionnaire according to experts’ evaluation of content validity and translated the questionnaire into Italian and Slovene. Lastly, we evaluated the psychometric characteristics via a cross-sectional study in three languages (N ¼ 733). The exploratory factor analyses suggested a two-factor solution, with the first factor measuring the perceived trustworthiness of the content and the second measuring the perceived trustworthiness of the presentation. This factorial structure was replicated in confirmatory factor analyses. Moreover, our analyses provided support for PDTQ’s reliability, measurement invariance across all three languages, and its construct and incremental validity. As such, the PDTQ is a reliable, measurement invariant, and valid tool for comprehensive exploration of individuals’ perception of deepfake videos.
Ključne besede: deepfakes, misinformation, perception, questionnaire validation, trust
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.09.2024; Ogledov: 24; Prenosov: 2
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5. Obnašanje toge avksetične strukture izdelane iz PLA filamenta znotraj TPMS celice iz elastičnega TPU filamentaDavid Gorup, 2024, magistrsko delo Opis: Magistrsko delo je eksperimentalne narave. Modelirali smo TPMS celico gyroida in znotraj celice oblikovali avksetično geometrijo. Geometrija je izdelana iz bolj togega PLA filamenta, ostanek celice pa iz elastičnega TPU filamenta. Nato je bil izveden 3D-tisk več vzorcev, vključno z vzorci z majhnimi variacijami, kar je omogočilo primerjavo vpliva različnih sprememb geometrije. Mehansko testiranje je izvedeno tako, da so bili vzorci stisnjeni med dvema ploščama, pri čemer smo beležili sile stiskanja in istočasno snemali za nadaljnjo analizo z DIC programom. Pri analizi rezultatov smo primerjali SEA, CFE in Poissonovo število.
Ključne besede: avksetična struktura, 3D-tiskanje, PLA filament, TPU filament, TPMS celica, gyroid, SEA, CFE, Poissonovo število
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.08.2024; Ogledov: 57; Prenosov: 6
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6. Analiza utrujanja osnosimetrične kiralne celične strukture iz nerjavnega jekla 316lŽiga Žnidarič, 2024, magistrsko delo Opis: V magistrskem delu je izvedena simulacija utrujanja osnosimetrične kiralne celične strukture in njene modificirane oblike, narejenih iz nerjavnega jekla 316L. Opisane so teoretične osnove celičnih struktur s predstavitvijo obeh geometrij. Nadaljuje se s teoretičnimi osnovami utrujanja materialov, s poudarkom na deformacijski metodi. Opisano je, kako sta bili generirani geometriji s pomočjo programske kode in prilagojeni za uporabo v numeričnih simulacijah. Sledilo je določevanje materialnih parametrov, obremenitev, podpor in podatkov za izračun življenjske dobe. Geometriji sta bili obremenjeni s pomiki v obliki sinusnega valovanja. Modela sta bila diskretizirana z mrežo končnih elementov, določeno s konvergenčno analizo.
Podatke smo beležili v tabelah, s pomočjo katerih smo izrisali grafe, ki prikazujejo, kako se življenjska doba spremeni v odvisnosti od velikosti obremenitve. Sledili smo tudi poteku napetosti in stopnjam plastične deformacije, ki se pojavijo v strukturah. Rezultati so pokazali, da kljub boljši porazdelitvi napetosti je življenjska doba optimizirane strukture krajša.
Ključne besede: celične strukture, avksetičnost, deformacijska metoda, ciklično utrujanje, numerična analiza, življenjska doba
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.08.2024; Ogledov: 108; Prenosov: 12
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7. Objectively measured physical activity in patients with coronary artery disease : a cross-validation studyTim Kambič, Nejc Šarabon, Vedran Hadžić, Mitja Lainščak, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) levels in healthy adults are predominately based on self-reporting measures, which generally overestimate PA but underestimate SB. Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) eligible for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) follow an individualized program; thus, objective assessment of physical performance and regular daily activity is required. This study aimed to compare self-reported and objectively measured PA and SB in patients with CAD prior to out-patient CR. We included 91 patients with CAD and assessed their PA with an accelerometer for 8 days prior to CR, along with the short form of the international physical activity questionnaire. We found that most patients were sedentary (61%, ~8 h/day), and on average performed 63 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA). Males performed less daily light-intensity physical activity (−5%, p = 0.011) and performed more MVPA (+2%, p = 0.002) compared to females. Maximal aerobic capacity was significantly associated with MVPA (Spearman rho = 0.483, p < 0.001) and MVPA > 10 min bouts (Spearman rho = 0.391, p < 0.001). Self-reported measures overestimated MVPA (total MVPA, +108 min/day, p < 0.001; MVPA > 10 min bouts, +152 min, p < 0.001) and underestimated SB (−174 min/day, p < 0.001) compared to objective measures. There was no significant correlation between methods in MVPA (Spearman rho = 0.147, p = 0.165)), MVPA > 10 min bouts (Spearman rho = −0.059, p = 576), and SB (Spearman rho = 0.139, p = 0.187). Quantitative analysis demonstrated the huge proportional bias for MVPA, MVPA > 10 min bouts, and SB. Our findings demonstrate that self-reported physical activity provides inaccurate estimates of MVPA and SB in patients with CAD entering the ambulatory CR. This strongly supports the more objective assessments of daily PA, preferably using an accelerometer.
Ključne besede: myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, acute coronary syndrome, sedentary behavior, motor activity, accelerometry, moderate intensity, vigorous intensity
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.08.2024; Ogledov: 109; Prenosov: 3
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8. Effects of high-load and low-load resistance training in patients with coronary artery disease : rationale and design of a randomised controlled clinical trialTim Kambič, Nejc Šarabon, Vedran Hadžić, Mitja Lainščak, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Introduction: Resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training (AT) enhances the effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it remains to be investigated which type of RT (high loads (HLs) vs low loads (LLs)) is more efficacious in improving exercise performance, cardio-metabolic health and quality of life.
Methods and analysis: A randomised, controlled, clinical trial will enrol 20 patients with CAD into each of three study arms (total 60 patients): HL-RT (70%–80% of one repetition maximum (1-RM)) combined with AT; LL-RT (30%–40% of 1-RM) combined with AT and AT alone as standard care. Primary outcomes (maximal aerobic capacity, maximal leg isometric strength) will be assessed at baseline and after 36 training sessions. Other outcomes will include acute haemodynamic responses to LL-RT and HL-RT, body composition, physical performance, blood biomarkers (lipids, glucose metabolism, inflammation, growth factors), physical activity and quality of life. The intention-to-treat principle will be used to analyse the data.
Ethics and dissemination: The study design and protocol have been approved by the National Medical Ethics Committee of Slovenia (registration number: 0120-573/2019/15). The study will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The results of the study will be published as peer-reviewed manuscripts and congress presentations, communicated with patients and the clinical community, and shared through posts on social media. The findings of the study will be disseminated among the national CR clinical community (CR centres, Slovenian association of coronary clubs) with active participation of the patients enrolled in the study. This study will expand our knowledge of RT in combination with AT in CR. We expect to find different effects of HL-RT versus LL-RT, with implications for RT strategies in rehabilitation of patients with CAD.
Ključne besede: sports, training, coronary artery disease, controlled clinical trial
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.08.2024; Ogledov: 83; Prenosov: 3
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9. Multilingual framework for risk assessment and symptom tracking (MRAST)Valentino Šafran, Simon Lin, Jama Nateqi, Alistair G. Martin, Urška Smrke, Umut Arioz, Nejc Plohl, Matej Rojc, Dina Běma, Marcela Chavez, Matej Horvat, Izidor Mlakar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The importance and value of real-world data in healthcare cannot be overstated because it offers a valuable source of insights into patient experiences. Traditional patient-reported experience and outcomes measures (PREMs/PROMs) often fall short in addressing the complexities of these experiences due to subjectivity and their inability to precisely target the questions asked. In contrast, diary recordings offer a promising solution. They can provide a comprehensive picture of psychological well-being, encompassing both psychological and physiological symptoms. This study explores how using advanced digital technologies, i.e., automatic speech recognition and natural language processing, can efficiently capture patient insights in oncology settings. We introduce the MRAST framework, a simplified way to collect, structure, and understand patient data using questionnaires and diary recordings. The framework was validated in a prospective study with 81 colorectal and 85 breast cancer survivors, of whom 37 were male and 129 were female. Overall, the patients evaluated the solution as well made; they found it easy to use and integrate into their daily routine. The majority (75.3%) of the cancer survivors participating in the study were willing to engage in health monitoring activities using digital wearable devices daily for an extended period. Throughout the study, there was a noticeable increase in the number of participants who perceived the system as having excellent usability. Despite some negative feedback, 44.44% of patients still rated the app’s usability as above satisfactory (i.e., 7.9 on 1–10 scale) and the experience with diary recording as above satisfactory (i.e., 7.0 on 1–10 scale). Overall, these findings also underscore the significance of user testing and continuous improvement in enhancing the usability and user acceptance of solutions like the MRAST framework. Overall, the automated extraction of information from diaries represents a pivotal step toward a more patient-centered approach, where healthcare decisions are based on real-world experiences and tailored to individual needs. The potential usefulness of such data is enormous, as it enables better measurement of everyday experiences and opens new avenues for patient-centered care.
Ključne besede: multilingual framework, risk assessment, symptom tracking, chronic diseases, patient-centered care, real-world data
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.08.2024; Ogledov: 72; Prenosov: 2
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10. COVID-19 and social distancing : ǂa ǂcross-cultural study of interpersonal distance preferences and touch behaviors before and during the pandemicIlona Croy, Andreja Avsec, Tina Kavčič, Bojan Musil, Nejc Plohl, Gaja Zager Kocjan, Maja Zupančič, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the introduction of unprecedented safety measures, one of them being physical distancing recommendations. Here, we assessed whether the pandemic has led to long-term effects on two important physical distancing aspects, namely interpersonal distance preferences and interpersonal touch behaviors. We analyzed nearly 14,000 individual cases from two large, cross-cultural surveys – the first conducted 2 years prior to the pandemic and the second during a relatively stable period of a decreased infection rate in May-June 2021. Preferred interpersonal distances increased by 54% globally during the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase was observable across all types of relationships, all countries, and was more pronounced in individuals with higher self-reported vulnerability to diseases. Unexpectedly, participants reported a higher incidence of interpersonal touch behaviors during than before the pandemic. We discuss our results in the context of prosocial and self-protection motivations that potentially promote different social behaviors.
Ključne besede: neverbalna komunikacija, preference glede medosebne razdalje, medosebni dotiki, pandemija, kovid, COVID-19, fizična distanca, medkulturna psihologija, coronavirus, nonverbal communication, interpersonal distance preferences, interpersonal touch behaviour, cross-cultural psychology, physical distancing
Objavljeno v DKUM: 02.08.2024; Ogledov: 87; Prenosov: 4
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