Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: Oklevanje pred cepljenjem je že pred pandemijo covida-19 veljalo za eno izmed osrednjih groženj javnemu zdravju, pandemija covida-19 pa je problem oklevanja pred cepljenjem samo še bolj osvetlila. Politična prepričanja posameznikov, institucionalno zaupanje in prepričanja v teorije zarote je že obstoječa literatura opredelila kot ene izmed močnejših napovednikov cepljenja, a so bili ti praviloma obravnavani kot neposredni napovedniki stališč do cepljenja oziroma namere cepljenja, in manj v sklopu kompleksnejših modelov mediacije. Ob tem je večina raziskav pri stališčih do cepljenja slednje proučila na ravni posameznika, manjkajo pa raziskave, ki vključujejo tudi vlogo strukturnih, makro značilnosti družb. Primanjkuje tudi raziskav, ki namero cepljenja proučujejo v sklopu analiz, usmerjenih k posameznikom, ki omogočajo identifikacijo njihovih lastnosti. Obenem je večina študij s področja stališč do cepljenja proti covidu-19 in namere cepljenja opravljena v tujih državah. V Sloveniji gre za pretežno neraziskano področje. To je še posebej problematično, ker gre za državo, ki je tako pred kot tudi po pandemiji spadala med tiste, kjer prebivalci izkazujejo večje oklevanje pred cepljenjem. V doktorski disertaciji smo tako proučili vlogo strukturnih značilnosti pri dejavnikih namere cepljenja proti covidu-19, analizirali lastnosti posameznikov glede na njihovo namero cepljenja ter proučili možne mehanizme odnosa med političnimi prepričanji posameznika in njegovo namero glede cepljenja. Analizirali smo mednarodno anketno podatkovno bazo evropskih držav European Social Survey 10. V prvi študiji smo preverjali strukturne dejavnike v sklopu med-nivojskih interakcij in ugotovili, da ima zaupanje v politične institucije močnejši pozitiven učinek na namero cepljenja proti covidu-19 v državah z višjim BDP na prebivalca in državah, kjer je nižja zaznana korupcija. Ugotovili smo tudi, da bolj individualistično vrednotno usmerjene družbe okrepijo pozitiven učinek zadovoljstva z zdravstvenim sistemom na namero cepljenja. Ob tem se je izkazalo, da nižji BDP na prebivalca, višja zaznana korupcija in bolj kolektivistična usmerjenost družbe okrepijo negativen učinek prepričanj v teorije zarote na namero cepljenja. V drugi študiji smo proučili lastnosti Slovencev in Slovenk glede na njihovo namero cepljenja proti covidu-19. Uvrstili smo jih v latentne profile, ki smo jih analizirali glede na njihovo zaupanje znanosti, zadovoljstvo z delom vlade v času pandemije in prepričanjih v teorije zarote. Izkazalo se je, da so se bili najbolj pripravljeni cepiti posamezniki, uvrščeni v profil, ki je bil najbolj zadovoljen z delom vlade, je v največji meri zaupal znanosti in najmanj izražal zarotniška prepričanja. V tretji študiji smo preverjali razlike v nameri cepljenja glede na politično usmeritev (levo-desno), populistična stališča (dimenziji stališča o ljudski suverenosti in protimigrantska stališča) in politični ekstremizem prek zaupanja političnim institucijam, znanosti in prepričanj v teorije zarote. Ugotovili smo, da so v času pandemije desno politično usmerjeni posamezniki v večji meri zaupali znanosti in v manjši meri izražali prepričanja v teorije zarote, kar je prispevalo k njihovi večji pripravljenosti za cepljenje proti covidu-19, v primerjavi z bolj levo usmerjenimi posamezniki. Ugotovili smo tudi, da podpiranje ideje o ljudski suverenosti pozitivno učinkuje na zaupanje znanosti, to pa na namero za cepljenje; po drugi strani pa pozitivno učinkuje na prepričanja v teorije zarote, kar negativno učinkuje na cepljenje. Pri izražanju protimigrantskih stališč smo ugotovili, da negativno učinkujejo na zaupanje znanosti in pozitivno na prepričanja v teorije zarote, kar pa negativno učinkuje na namero cepljenja. Nenazadnje smo ugotovili, da se politična ekstrema ne razlikujeta v zaupanju političnim institucijam, zaupanju znanosti, prepričanjih v teorije zarote in nameri cepljenja proti covidu-19.
Ključne besede: covid-19, cepljenje, prepričanja v teorije zarote, politična prepričanja, institucionalno zaupanje, med nivojske interakcije, analiza latentnih profilov, modeliranje strukturnih enačb, Slovenija
Objavljeno v DKUM: 22.10.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 25
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Opis: Vaccine hesitancy and its determinants have been previously widely researched. Vaccine hesitancy has been defined as a continuum of attitudes, ranging from accepting vaccines with doubts to rejecting them. The present study aims to explore the heterogeneity of a childhood-vaccine-hesitant group by using a person-oriented approach-latent profile analysis. A non-representative cross-sectional sample of vaccine-hesitant Slovenians (N = 421, Mage = 35.21, 82.9% women) was used to identify differences based on their reliance on personal research (“self” researching instead of relying on science), overconfidence in knowledge, endorsement of conspiracy theories, complementary and alternative medicine, and trust in the healthcare system. The analysis revealed three profiles of vaccine-hesitant individuals. The most hesitant profile-vaccine rejecting-expressed the greatest reliance on personal research, expressed the highest endorsement of conspiracy theories and complementary and alternative medicine, showed moderate overconfidence in their knowledge, and expressed the highest levels of distrust in the healthcare system. We further found differences in sociodemographic structure and that the identified profiles differed in their attitudes regarding MMR, HPV, and Seasonal Influenza vaccinations. The present study demonstrates the heterogeneity of the vaccine-hesitant community and offers insights into some of the traits, which are crucial for designing pro-vaccine campaigns.
Ključne besede: vaccine hesitancy, heterogeneity, latent profile analysis, complementary and alternative medicine, CAM, conspiracy theories, trust in healthcare system
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.08.2024; Ogledov: 101; Prenosov: 15
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Opis: Health, environmental, and animal advocacy organisations emphasise reducing or eliminating high meat consumption due to its adverse effects on health, sustainability, climate change, and animal welfare. Increasingly, people are deciding to reduce their meat consumption frequency. Our study aimed to examine predictors of meat reduction among Slovenian consumers, focusing on gender, age, partner and children status, size of residential settlement, socioeconomic status, and political orientation. We conducted a survey using non-probability sampling. We examined demographic, socioeconomic, and political predictors of individuals’ self-assessed intent to reduce meat consumption in the month following the survey. Additionally, we analysed respondents’ meat reduction during the three years prior. A correlation analysis revealed that higher age and education levels were significantly positively correlated with meat reduction patterns. An ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that age was the only significant predictor of meat reduction intentions and past behaviour. Our findings suggest that middle-aged and elderly individuals are more likely than younger adults to report meat reduction behaviours. Future public health interventions should tailor approaches to different age groups, and, in particular, target younger individuals. Educational campaigns should highlight the health and environmental benefits of reducing meat and animal product consumption, particularly in primary and secondary schools.
Ključne besede: meat consumption, meat reduction, food, health, diet
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.08.2024; Ogledov: 106; Prenosov: 9
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Opis: Education and highbrow cultural participation—two dimensions of cultural capital—have previously been identified as determinants of vaccine attitudes, though the links have been mainly inconsistent across studies. The present quantitative study aimed to examine the effects of two dimensions of cultural capital (institutionalized and embodied cultural capital) on the pro-vaccine attitudes of the Slovenian public. A cross-sectional quantitative study was performed in November 2019, a few months prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. The non-probability sample survey was collected by inviting respondents over the age of 18 to participate using the snowball technique via e-mail, digital social networks (Facebook, Twitter and Instagram) and University of Maribor social network profiles. The sample was obtained through an online survey tool 1ka.si (N = 661; Mage = 34.9 years). The impact of education and highbrow cultural participation on vaccine attitudes was examined, controlling for sociodemographic variables (gender, age and size of residential settlement) and economic variables (income and family economic status) in multivariate analyses. Bivariate analyses indicated that pro-vaccine attitudes were significantly more likely to be expressed by men, younger respondents, those with lower incomes, higher perceived family economic status, living in urban areas and by those who are more frequently engaged in highbrow cultural activities, while education had no impact on vaccine attitudes. The results did not substantially change when multiple regression models were employed. Our study indicated that cultural capital has an inconsistent impact on vaccine attitudes; while education has no impact, highbrow cultural participation increases pro-vaccine attitudes. The results suggest a multi-type approach is needed to address vaccine scepticism among the Slovenian public.
Ključne besede: cultural capital, vaccine attitudes, vaccine hesitancy, education, cultural participation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.04.2024; Ogledov: 266; Prenosov: 21
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Opis: Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug. Its use typically starts in adolescence, and parents play a key role in young people’s cannabis use. Our study aimed to examine and compare the effects of parenting styles, parental cannabis-specific rules, and parental cannabis use on young people’s cannabis use. The research sample consisted of 839 students from various secondary education programs in Slovenia, aged 14 to 21. Associations between the young people’s lifetime cannabis use and their experience of parenting practices were assessed using logistic regression, with demographic, socioeconomic, educational, health, and risk behaviors controlled in a multivariate model. Maternal authoritative parenting (in comparison with permissive parenting), strict maternal, cannabis-specific rules, and parental cannabis non-use statistically significantly reduced the likelihood of young people’s cannabis use. Its strongest predictor was parental cannabis use, followed by the mother’s specific cannabis-use rules and maternal parenting style. The findings of our study can contribute to the development of public health policies to more effectively prevent cannabis use among adolescents and emerging adults, including by designing prevention programs aimed at strengthening parents’ general and cannabis-specific practices and competences.
Ključne besede: parenting styles, parental cannabis use, parental cannabis-specific rules, adolescents, substance use
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.04.2024; Ogledov: 198; Prenosov: 21
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