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Opis: Orbifold singularities of M-theory constitute the building blocks of a broad class of supersymmetric quantum field theories (SQFTs). In this paper we show how the local data of these geometries determine global data on the resulting higher symmetries of these systems. In particular, via a process of cutting and gluing, we show how local orbifold singularities encode the 0-form, 1-form, and 2-group symmetries of the resulting SQFTs. Geometrically, this is obtained from the possible singularities that extend to the boundary of the noncompact geometry. The resulting category of boundary conditions then captures these symmetries and is equivalently specified by the orbifold homology of the boundary geometry. We illustrate these general points in the context of a number of examples, including five-dimensional (5D) superconformal field theories engineered via orbifold singularities, 5D gauge theories engineered via singular elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds, as well as four-dimensional supersymmetric quantum chromodynamics-like theories engineered via M-theory on noncompact G2 spaces.
Ključne besede: F-theory, compactifications, classification, singularities, instantons, geometry
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.06.2024; Ogledov: 159; Prenosov: 10
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Opis: We present O(10(15)) string compactifications with the exact chiral spectrum of the standard model of particle physics. This ensemble of globally consistent F-theory compactifications automatically realizes gauge coupling unification. Utilizing the power of algebraic geometry, all global consistency conditions can be reduced to a single criterion on the base of the underlying elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau fourfolds. For toric bases, this criterion only depends on an associated polytope and is satisfied for at least O(10(15)) bases, each of which defines a distinct compactification.
Ključne besede: FLUX, F-theory, string compactifications, chiral spectrum
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.10.2023; Ogledov: 489; Prenosov: 19
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Opis: he extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole admits a conformal inversion symmetry, in which the metric is mapped into itself under an inversion of the radial coordinate combined with a conformal rescaling. In the rotating generalization, Couch and Torrence showed that the Kerr- Newman metric no longer exhibits a conformal inversion symmetry, but the radial equation arising in the separation of the massless Klein-Gordon equation admits a mode-dependent inversion symmetry, where the radius of inversion depends upon the energy and azimuthal angular momentum of the mode. It was more recently shown that the static four-charge extremal black holes of STU supergravity (i.e., N = 2 supergravity in four dimension coupled to three vector multiplets) admit a generalization of the conformal inversion symmetry, in which the conformally inverted metric is a member of the same four-charge black hole family but with transformed charges. In this paper we study further generalizations of these inversion symmetries, within the general class of extremal STU supergravity black holes. For the rotating black holes, where again the massless Klein-Gordon equation is separable, we show that examples with four electric charges exhibit a generalization of the Couch-Torrence symmetry of the radial equation. Now, as in the conformal inversion of the static specializations, the inversion of the radial equation maps it to the radial equation for a rotating black hole with transformed electric charges. We also study the inversion transformations for the general case of extremal Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield STU black holes carrying eight charges (four electric plus four magnetic), and argue that analogous generalizations of the inversion symmetries exist for both the static and the rotating cases.
Ključne besede: black holes, supergravity, supersymmetry, conformal symmetry
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.10.2023; Ogledov: 562; Prenosov: 18
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Opis: We present a consistency condition for 8D N 1 supergravity theories with nontrivial global structure G=Z for the non-Abelian gauge group, based on an anomaly involving the Z 1-form center symmetry. The interplay with other swampland criteria identifies the majority of 8D theories with gauge group G=Z, which have no string theory realization, as inconsistent quantum theories when coupled to gravity. While this condition is equivalent to geometric properties of elliptic K3 surfaces in F-theory compactifications, it constrains the unexplored landscape of gauge groups in other 8D string models.
Ključne besede: supergravity theories, string theory, 8D string models
Objavljeno v DKUM: 16.10.2023; Ogledov: 557; Prenosov: 27
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Opis: Compactification of M-string theory on manifolds with G(2) structure yields a wide variety of 4D and 3D physical theories. We analyze the local geometry of such compactifications as captured by a gauge theory obtained from a three-manifold of ADE singularities. Generic gauge theory solutions include a nontrivial gauge field flux as well as normal deformations to the three-manifold captured by noncommuting matrix coordinates, a signal of T-brane phenomena. Solutions of the 3D gauge theory on a three-manifold are given by a deformation of the Hitchin system on a marked Riemann surface which is fibered over an interval. We present explicit examples of such backgrounds as well as the profile of the corresponding zero modes for localized chiral matter. We also provide a purely algebraic prescription for characterizing localized matter for such T-brane configurations. The geometric interpretation of this gauge theory description provides a generalization of twisted connected sums with codimension seven singularities at localized regions of the geometry. It also indicates that geometric codimension six singularities can sometimes support 4D chiral matter due to physical structure "hidden" in T-branes.
Ključne besede: Yang-Mills connections, spin(7), holonomy, bundles, metrics
Objavljeno v DKUM: 16.10.2023; Ogledov: 240; Prenosov: 27
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