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1.
Use of emulsion-templated, highly porous polyelectrolytes for in vitro germination of chickpea embryos : a new substrate for soilless cultivation
Janja Majer Kovačič, Terezija Ciringer, Jana Ambrožič-Dolinšek, Sebastijan Kovačič, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: The application of highly porous and 3D interconnected microcellular polyelectrolyte polyHIPE (PE-PH) monoliths based on (3-acrylamidopropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride as soilless cultivation substrates for in vitro embryo culture is discussed. The embryo axes isolated from chickpea seeds are inoculated onto the surface of the monoliths and allowed to germinate. Germination study show that the newly disclosed PE-PH substrate performs much better than the conventionally used agar as the germination percentage, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight as well as the number of leaves are enhanced. The PE-PHs exhibit a higher absorption capacity of the plant growth medium, that is, 36 g·g–1 compared to agar, that is, 20 g·g–1, and also survive autoclaving conditions without failing. The key advantage over standard agar substrates is that they can be reused several times and also without prior sterilization. These results suggest that PE-PHs with exceptional absorption/retention properties and robustness have great potential as soilless substrates for in vitro plant cultivation.
Keywords: absorption, catalyst supports, germination, plants, porosity
Published in DKUM: 15.07.2024; Views: 114; Downloads: 11
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2.
Slow growth storage of Berula erecta in vitro - effect of sucrose, sorbitol and temperature
Jana Ambrožič-Dolinšek, Sanja Oblonšek, Terezija Ciringer, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: It has been established that in vitro storage of Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville by slow growth would rationalize the culture maintenance by reducing the number of transfers to fresh medium. Attempts of slow growth were made while maintaining viability by adding sugars and sugar alcohols to the MS medium and lowering the culture temperature in the growth chambers. The effect of low temperatures (13°C and 4°C), different combinations and concentrations of sorbitol (20, 40 g L-1) and sucrose (30, 40 g L-1), and light was tested to determine the viability and ability of B. erecta to recover growth. Increasing sucrose concentration did not inhibit or slow growth. At 23 ± 2°C, the addition of 20 g L-1 sorbitol successfully inhibited growth, while the addition of 40 g L-1 sorbitol resulted in plant senescence after two months of culturing. Storage of B. erecta at 13°C did not effectively inhibit growth and recovery ability in any treatment. The most effective way to maintain B. erecta for long-term slow growth storage in tissue culture while retaining a high level of viability with minimal growth was to culture the plants at 4°C in the dark. This kept the plants viable and capable of regeneration for several months.
Keywords: slow growth storage, viability, sucrose, sorbitol, temperature, Berula erecta
Published in DKUM: 23.05.2024; Views: 204; Downloads: 6
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3.
Diversity and content of carotenoids and other pigments in the transition from the green to the red stage of Haematococcus pluvialis microalgae identified by HPLC-DAD and LC-QTOF-MS
Jaša Veno Grujić, Biljana Todorović, Roman Kranvogl, Terezija Ciringer, Jana Ambrožič-Dolinšek, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: H. pluvialis is a unicellular freshwater alga containing many bioactive compounds, especially carotenoids, which are the strongest antioxidants among the pigments. This study evaluates the composition and content of carotenoids and other pigments in both stages of algae life cycle, especially in the green vegetative stage, less studied in comparison to the red stage. To determine the composition and content of carotenoids, a combination of HPLC-DAD and LC-QTOF-MS was used. The content of carotenoids in the green vegetative stage was significantly lower than in the red vegetative stage. In the green vegetative stage, 16 different carotenoids and other pigments were identified. Among the total 8.86 mg g−1 DW of pigments, 5.24 mg g−1 DW or 59% of them were chlorophyll a with its derivatives, and 3.62 mg g−1 DW or 41% of them were free carotenoids. After the transition from the green to the red stage, the carotenoid composition was replaced by secondary carotenoids, astaxanthin and its esters, which predominated in the whole carotenoid composition. In addition to free astaxanthin, 12 astaxanthin monoesters, 6 diesters and 13 other carotenoids were determined. The majority of 37.86 mg g−1 DW pigments were monoesters. They represented 82% of all pigments, and their content was about 5 times higher than both, diesters (5.91 mg g−1 DW or 12% of all) and free carotenoids (2.4 mg g−1 DW or 6% of all). The results of the study contribute to the data on the overall pigment composition and content of H. pluvialis algae and provide the basis for further improvement of cultivation of the H. pluvialis algae.
Keywords: antioxidants, astaxanthin, chlorophylls, bioactive compounds, algae, Haematococcus, life cycle, pigment composition, secondary carotenoids
Published in DKUM: 21.05.2024; Views: 172; Downloads: 13
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4.
The potential of berula erecta in vitro for As bioaccumulation and phytoremediation of water environments
Jana Ambrožič-Dolinšek, Anja Podgrajšek, Nik Šabeder, Zdenka Mazej, Andreja Urbanek Krajnc, Biljana Todorović, Terezija Ciringer, 2023, original scientific article

Abstract: A potential plant species suitable for As bioaccumulation and phytoremediation of water environments could be the macrophyte Berula erecta. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of arsenate (As(V), C2H6AsNaO2∙3 H2O), predominant in freshwater systems, on the growth, development and low molecular weight thiols of Berula erecta under controlled tissue culture conditions in vitro. Uptake of total arsenate increased with increasing arsenate treatments, at a higher percentage in the roots than in the aboveground parts of the plants. Lower concentrations of As(V) (0.1, 1, 10 mg L−1) had a positive effect on growth, dry weight, length of roots and shoots and number of buds. High concentrations of arsenate (50 and 100 mg As(V) L−1) significantly inhibited all growth parameters and decreased the photochemical efficiency of PSII. Evaluation of thiols revealed the critical As level (146 µg g−1 DW; 50 mg As(V) L−1 treatment) above which the As concentration can be toxic.
Keywords: arsenic, arsenate, uptake, accumulation, thiols, apiaceae, lesser water-parsnip
Published in DKUM: 02.08.2023; Views: 446; Downloads: 95
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5.
Priprava umetnih semen plazeče zelene (Apium repens (Jacq.) Lag.) in vpliv temperature ter časa shranjevanja na regeneracijo : magistrsko delo
Ines Pucko, 2023, master's thesis

Abstract: Umetna semena se uporabljajo za daljše shranjevanje ogroženih, redkih, zdravilnih in industrijsko pomembnih rastlinskih vrst in lažji prenos v in vivo okolje. Plazeča zelena, Apium repens velja za ogroženo in redko rastlinsko vrsto, v Sloveniji nazadnje potrjeno pred več kot 100 leti. Cilj naše naloge je bil pripraviti umetna semena plazeče zelene (Apium repens), pridobljeno iz bližnjih rastišč, ki jo hranimo v tkivni kulturi na Fakulteti za naravoslovje in matematiko, Univerze v Mariboru. Umetna semena smo pripravili iz izsečkov, nodijev izoliranih z matične rastline A. repens. Izsečke smo takoj po izolaciji z matične rastline prenesli v MS gojišča z 2 µM BAP, 3-% natrijevim alginatom in 0,1 M in 0,4 M saharozo. Od tod smo nodije prenesli v MS gojišča s CaCl2, kjer so se zaradi polimerizacije oblikovali v kapsule. Kapsule umetnih semen smo hranili 2, 8 in 16 tednov pri temperaturah 23 °C, 15 °C in 4 °C ter spremljali živost umetnih semen. Živost in razvoj v poganjke in korenine inkapsuliranih in neinkapsuliranih nodijev smo ugotavljali na MS gojišču in mešanici perlita in MS gojišča, oboje z dodatkom 2 µM BAP. Umetna semena Apium repens inkapsulirana z 0,4 M saharozo, ki so bila takoj prenesena na gojišče, so preživela 50 % in ostala živa po 2 tednih pri temperaturi 15 °C (50 %) in temperaturi 4 °C (35 %) in po 8 tednih pri temperaturi 15 °C in 4 °C (5 %) ter po 16 tednih shranjevanja pri temperaturi 4 °C (8 %). Umetna semena Apium repens inkapsulirana z 0,1 M saharozo, ki so bila takoj prenesena na gojišče so preživela 92 %, po 2 tednih pri temperaturi 15 °C (43 %) in temperaturi 4 °C (35 %) ter po 8 tednih shranjevanja pri temperaturu 4 °C (37 %). Preživetje in rast rastlin se je s podaljševanjem časa shranjevanja umetnih semen zmanjševala, rast rastlin pa je bila upočasnjena.
Keywords: Plazeča zelena, inkapsulacija, ogrožene rastlinske vrste, redke rastlinske vrste, tkivna kultura, in vitro
Published in DKUM: 17.05.2023; Views: 745; Downloads: 71
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6.
Določanje rastlinskim hormonom podobnih snovi v organskem dodatku za izboljšanje zemlje Big start s pomočjo biotestov (Cucummis, Mung in Triticum) : magistrsko delo
Andreja Ovčar, 2023, master's thesis

Abstract: Komercialni pripravek za izboljšanje kakovosti zemlje Big start lahko vpliva na morfološko-funkcionalne poteze poljščin, pri čemer bi nekatere učinke lahko pripisali rastlinskim rastnim regulatorjem podobnim snovem. V magistrskem delu smo z uporabo biotestov preverjali, ali izbrani komercialni pripravek Big start vsebuje avsksinom podobne spojine in ali vsebuje citokininom podobne spojine. Za določanje vsebnosti rastlinskim rastnim regulatorjem podobnih snovi v preparatu smo uporabili Mung, Cucummis in Triticum biotest. Na osnovi biotestov Mung in Cucummis smo potrdili vsebnost avksinom podobnih spojin. V Mung biotestu je biološki pripravek Big start največjo avksinsko aktivnost izkazal pri koncentraciji 0,5 mL L-1, kar je ekvivalentno koncentraciji med 1,0 mg L-1 in 3,0 mg L-1 indol-3-butanojske kisline (IBA). Z uporabo Cucummis biotesta smo potrdili vsebnost avksinom podobnih snovi primerljivo koncentraciji med 1,0 mg L-1 in 2,0 mg L-1 IBA. Z uporabo biotesta Cucummis smo potrdili tudi vsebnost citokininom podobnih spojin v koncentraciji primerljivi od 0,0 mg L-1 do 0,5 mg L-1 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP). Nasprotno z izvedbo biotesta Triticum nismo potrdili vsebnosti citokininom podobnih spojin. Zaradi nizke specifičnosti biotestov bi bilo točnost rezultatov smiselno nadgraditi še z drugimi metodami dela, kot je masna spektrometrija v kombinaciji z označevanjem molekul s težkimi izotopi ali celičnimi markerji.
Keywords: biotest, Mung, Cucummis, Triticum, Big start
Published in DKUM: 26.04.2023; Views: 625; Downloads: 45
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7.
Učinek monofagnih listnih zavrtačev na fotosintetsko učinkovitost navadne robinije (Robinia Pseudoacacia L.) : magistrsko delo
Tadeja Greifoner, 2022, master's thesis

Abstract: Navada robinija (Robinija pseudoacacia) je invazivna drevesna vrsta, na kateri zajedata ličinki listnih zavrtačev Phyllonorycter robiniella in Parectopa robiniella ter ličinka robinijine listne šiškarice Obolodiplosis robiniae. V okviru magistrskega dela smo s pomočjo metod, ki smo jih predstavili, proučevali vpliv herbivorov na fotosintetsko učinkovitost navadne robinije. Namen naloge je bil proučiti, ali imajo okuženi lističi slabšo fotosintetsko učinkovitost in manjšo vsebnost klorofila kot zdravi lističi. Meritve smo izvedli avgusta 2020 v Mariboru (SV Slovenija). Podatke smo statistično obdelali s pomočjo programa Statistica (Data Science, TIBCO) in jih predstavili v obliki grafov in tabel. Ugotovili smo, da imajo okuženi listi manjšo fotosintetsko učinkovitost, prav tako smo namerili nižje vrednosti SPAD (zelene barve lista). Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov lahko za vrsti Phyllonorycter robiniella in Parectopa robiniella potrdimo, da s svojo dejavnostjo rastlini povzročata stres.
Keywords: robinija, herbivori, fluorescenca klorofila, zelena barva, stres
Published in DKUM: 27.07.2022; Views: 812; Downloads: 99
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8.
Fiziologija rastlin : priročnik z navodili za vaje
Jana Ambrožič-Dolinšek, Terezija Ciringer, 2022

Abstract: Priročnik je namenjen študentom na študijskih programih s področja biologije, ekologije z naravovarstvom in bodočim učiteljem biologije, ki bi se radi spoznali z eksperimentalnim delom s področja fiziologiji rastlin. Sestavlja ga osem vsebinskih sklopov, ki obravnavajo rastlinske pigmente, dihanje rastlin in fotosintezo, encimsko aktivnost rastlin, uravnavanje vodnih razmer v rastlinah, plazmolizo, mineralno prehrano rastlin s prepoznavanjem simptomov pomanjkanja posameznih hranil, metode določanja vsebnosti sladkorjev in bioteste za rastlinske hormone. Vsaka od vaj se začne z vsebinskim uvodom ter nadaljuje s cilji, nalogami, materiali in potekom izvedbe vaje. Vaje so podprte s slikami posameznih poskusov, preglednicami, kemijskimi formulami za preračune posameznih fizioloških parametrov in navodili za delo s kemikalijami in opremo.
Keywords: eksperimentalne vaje, priročnik, fiziologija rastlin, biologija rastlin, laboratorijske aparature in postopki, laboratorijske rastline
Published in DKUM: 29.06.2022; Views: 831; Downloads: 144
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9.
Vpliv saharoze, sorbitola in temperature na in vitro rast in ohranjanje ozkolistnega koščca (Berula erecta )
Sanja Oblonšek, 2021, master's thesis

Abstract: V magistrskem delu smo raziskovali možnosti za hrambo ozkolistnega koščca (Berula erecta) v tkivni kulturi z upočasnjeno rastjo. Upočasnitev rasti smo poskušali doseči z nižanjem temperature in dodajanjem sladkorjev in sladkornih alkoholov na gojišče MS. Ugotavljali smo vpliv nizkih temperatur (13 °C in 4 °C), različnih kombinacij in koncentracij sorbitola (20, 40 g L-1) in saharoze (30, 40 g L-1) ter svetlobe na viabilnost, rast in barvila ozkolistnega koščca. Spremljali smo različne rastne parametre, vsebnost fotosinteznih barvil in antocianinov. Povišanje koncentracije saharoze ni zavrlo oziroma upočasnilo rasti. Pri 23 ± 2 °C je dodatek 20 g L-1 sorbitola uspešno zavrl rast, dodatek 40 g L-1 sorbitola pa je po dveh mesecih kulture vodil v senescenco rastlin. Hramba Berule erecta pri 13 °C v nobenem tretmaju ni bila učinkovita. Kot najbolj učinkovit način za dolgoročno hrambo B. erecta z minimalno rastjo in visoko viabilnostjo se je izkazala hramba rastlin pri 4 °C v temi.
Keywords: počasna rast, Berula erecta, rastni parametri, biokemijski parametri, saharoza, sorbitol, temperatura
Published in DKUM: 11.03.2021; Views: 1324; Downloads: 107
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10.
Vpliv različnih koncentracij arzenata na rast, razvoj in metabolizem ozkolistnega koščca (Berula erecta) in vitro
Anja Podgrajšek, 2020, master's thesis

Abstract: Arzen je naravno razširjen element, ki lahko toksičen predstavlja nevarnost ljudem, ostalim organizmom in okolju. Z arzenom so onesnažena številna z vodo bogata območja, zato smo želeli raziskati možnosti razstrupljanja tega elementa z makrofitom ozkolistnim koščem (Berula erecta) v tkivni kulturi. Fitoremediacijski potencial B. erecta smo ugotavljali in vitro na Murashige in Scoog (1962) gojišču brez rastnih regulatorjev, ki smo mu po 14 dneh dodali arzenat (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 50 in 100 mg/l). Raziskali smo vpliv arzenata na rastne parametre, fotokemično učinkovitost FS II, vsebnost fotosinteznih barvil, antocianov, vsebnost glutationa in cisteina ter določali privzem arzena v tkivih rastlin. Nizke koncentracije arzena (0.1, 1 in 10 mg/l) so pozitivno vplivale na prirast sveže, suhe mase, na dolžino korenin in poganjkov ter na število brstov in stolonov, zelo očitno predvsem po tretjem tednu poskusa. Visoke koncentracije arzena (50 in 100 mg/l) so zavirale vse rastne parametre in zmanjšale fotokemično učinkovitost. Pri vseh obravnavah z arzenom se je znižala vsebnost fotosintetskih barvil in antocianinov. Privzem celokupnega arzena je naraščal z naraščajočo dodano koncentracijo arzena, intenzivneje v korenine, v primerjavi z nadzemnimi delih rastlin. Vsebnost glutationa in cisteina je v splošnem postopno naraščala z večanjem koncentracije dodanega arzena.
Keywords: Berula erecta, makrofiti, arzen, tkivne kulture, fitoremediacija, glutation.
Published in DKUM: 25.01.2021; Views: 1397; Downloads: 156
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