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Abstract: Slovenia has a unique blend of climatic, soil, geographic and historical factors that fostered a rich tradition of plum cultivation and utilization. This study was set up to achieve following objectives: 1. assess the genetic diversity of 124 accessions of the three Prunus species (P. domestica L., P. cerasifera Ehrh., and P. spinosa L.); explore the possible contribution of P. cerasifera and P. spinosa to the ancestry of P. domestica; examine the genetic relationships and variability among the prevalent P. domestica material distributed in Slovenia. A combination of genetic markers, including 11 SSRs (UDP96-005, BPPCT034, EMPAS12, UCD-CH17, EMPAS06, EMPAS11, EMPAS14, BPPCT014, BPPCT025, CPSCT026 and CPPCT006) and three universal cpDNA markers (HK, K1K2 and VL), were chosen alongside flow cytometry. The analysis identified ten cpDNA haplotypes, which were grouped into three clusters using Unweighted Neighbor-Joining (NJ) analysis. All 11 SSR primer pairs exhibited polymorphism, revealing 116 unique genotypes and a total of 328 alleles, indicating considerable diversity with an average of 29.82 alleles per locus. Bayesian analysis distinguished two ancestral populations across all analyzed species. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) reflected the clustering observed in the Bayesian analysis. When analyzing individual set of P. domestica material, Bayesian analysis also distinguished two ancestral populations across, with PCoA confirming the results of Bayesian analysis. The NJ analysis categorized 71 P. domestica accessions into three clusters with numerous subgroups, reflecting a high genetic diversity. The majority of accessions aligned with traditional pomological groups, such as common prunes, mirabelle plums and greengages. Genetic diversity parameters were analyzed for the 42 diploid P. cerasifera genotypes. A relatively high diversity levels were found, resulting in 135 alleles, with high average values for alleles per locus (10.38), effective number of alleles (Ne = 5.22), expected heterozygosity (He = 0.77), observed heterozygosity (Ho = 0.64) and PIC value (0.754). In addition, 32 private alleles were found in 20 accessions. Bayesian analysis of the P. cerasifera material revealed three ancestral populations, corroborated by Principal Coordinate Analysis, while an NJ analysis grouped the accessions into three clusters based on the origin of the accession. This study identified valuable local landraces within the P. domestica pool, including traditional prunes or Bluish plums, which are of great genetic interest. Furthermore, the integration of complementary methods facilitated the differentiation of the three species and provided insights into the origin of plum. The findings will be crucial in comprehending the diversity of Slovenian plum germplasm, improving conservation efforts, recovering local genotypes and enriching existing collections of plant genetic resources.
Keywords: Prunus spp., plum, genetic resources, genetic diversity, genetic structure, cpDNA, SSR
Published in DKUM: 24.07.2024; Views: 160; Downloads: 26
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Abstract: Proučevali smo učinkovitost elektrolizirane oksidativne vode (EOV), pridobljene s sistemom Envirolyte®, na rast in vsebnost proteinov pri dveh sortah pelargonij, viseča Pelargonium peltatum »Feuer cascade« in pokončna Pelargonium interspecific »Calliope Dark Red«. Poskus je bil izveden v rastlinjaku Fakultete za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede, kjer smo rastline posajene v lonce po potrebi zalivali s tremi koncentracijami EOV (0 %, 0,1 % in 0,2 %). Za morfološke in biokemične analize smo rastline vzorčili v dveh terminih, v aprilu in maju. Na osnovi dobljenih rezultatov v 1. terminu vzorčenja ugotavljamo, da ima dodajanje 0,1 % raztopine EOV pozitivni vpliv, na proučevane morfološke lastnosti, pri obeh sortah pelargonij. Trend zniževanja povprečnih vrednosti preučevanih morfoloških lastnosti ugotavljamo v 2. terminu, pri uporabi 0,2 % koncentracije raztopine EOV. Rastline pokončnih pelargonij so imele statistično značilno višjo koncentracijo skupnih proteinov v obeh terminih vzorčenja, če smo jih zalivali z 0,1 % raztopino EOV. Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov potrjujemo pozitivni učinek 0,1 % koncentracije EOV, medtem ko 0,2 % koncentracijo smatramo kot previsoko.
Keywords: elektrolizirana oksidativna voda, pelargonije, morfološke lastnosti, proteini
Published in DKUM: 14.09.2022; Views: 617; Downloads: 95
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Abstract: Monografija je nastala v okviru projekta ŠIPK z naslovom »Cianogeni glikozidi v rastlinah iz družine rožnic na območju nekdanjega grajskega vrta«. Delo bralcu predstavi Botanični vrt Univerze v Mariboru, zgodovino vrta in povezavo z rožnicami. Na kratko so opisani posamezni deli vrta, rožni vrt, vsebuje morfologijo vrtnic, njihovo zgodovino in delitev, dogodke na temo vrtnic in popis vrtnic v rozariju botaničnega vrta. Predstavljene so nekatere bolj (jabolka, hruške, maline, jagode) in manj (kutina, šipek, skorš, robide, aronija, šmarna hrušica, nešplja, plahtica, srčna moč, glog) znane užitne rožnice. Ker veliko rastlin iz družine rožnic uporabljamo v vsakdanji prehrani, gradivo vključuje tudi zbirko receptov in predstavi zdravju škodljive cianogene glikozide in postopke, s katerimi lahko določimo njihove vsebnosti v živilih. Zaključi se z delovnimi listi za spoznavanje rožnic in raziskovanje cianogenih glikozidov, namenjenim šolarjem, dijakom, študentom in drugim obiskovalcem vrta.
Keywords: rožnice (Rosaceae), vrtnice, naravni toksini, cianogeni glikozidi, QR koda, didaktična gradiva
Published in DKUM: 31.03.2022; Views: 1045; Downloads: 125
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Abstract: The scientific monograph covers the botanical classification of the genus Helleborus L. and the Christmas rose species (Helleborus niger L.), which has undergone numerous changes throughout its botanical history. The Christmas rose is becoming increasingly important in the ornamental plant market. Its characteristic flowering in the coldest months of the year represents a great advantage over many other species of ornamental plants. As the Christmas rose does not require high temperatures to start flowering, its cultivation can be considered affordable and environmentally friendly. The supply of attractive varieties is likely to be one of the key factors that will affect its popularity in the future. The number of genetically improved (bred) varieties is limited on the market, so selective breeding of Christmas rose will become inevitable in the future. The presented results of pollination analyses, related to insect activity, are important for breeding. Observations indicate that the Christmas rose is an entomophilous and a predominantly allogamous species. Knowledge of plant ecology and cultivation technology will also be exceptionally important. In intensive cultivation, the production technology for Christmas roses is still to a large extent incomplete. The monograph includes scientific findings on the ecology and biology of the Christmas rose, its reproductive processes, and the production technology for potted plants. The monograph also presents the results of the study on the effects of beneficial microorganisms (bacteria and endomycorrhizal fungi) on the growth and development of seedlings from in vivo and in vitro environments. The results of the study indicate that biotisation is a useful technology and that inoculation with specific microorganisms has a beneficial effect on growth.
Keywords: Christmas rose, Helleborus niger L., systematic, pollination, cultivation, beneficial microorganisms
Published in DKUM: 28.09.2021; Views: 1261; Downloads: 143
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Abstract: V okviru raziskave, ki je potekala v Botaničnem vrtu Univerze v Mariboru, smo proučevali ali lahko zgolj s pomočjo merjenih podatkov, jasno ločimo med nekaterimi vrstami opazovanih pšenic ter ali so statistično ti izmerjeni parametri dovolj signifikantni za uporabo le-teh pri izdelavi dihotomnega ključa za določanje pšenic. V poskusu smo uporabili suha semena sedmih različnih taksonov pšenic in sicer divjo pšenico (Triticum dicoccoides Koern. ex Asch. & Graebn.), pšenico dvozrnico ali emer (Triticum dicoccum Schrank ex Schübl.), pšenico enozrnico (Triticum monococcum L.), pritlikavo pšenico (Triticum compactum Host), starinski genotip pšenice pire (Triticum spelta L.), kamut ali korasansko pšenico (Triticum turanicum Jakubz.) in kultivar moderne pšenice (Triticum aestivum L.). Merili smo širino, dolžino in težo semen posameznih taksonov ter jih med seboj primerjali. Ugotovili smo, da merjeni morfološki parametri zadostujejo za izdelavo dihotomnega ključa. Z metodo glavnih komponent v prostoru lahko jasno ločimo in determiniramo kamut, piro, pritlikavo in navadno pšenico. Izdelan dihotomni določevalni ključ je zaradi vključitve premis z numeričnimi podatki za laično uporabo enostavnejši od ključev iz botaničnih publikacij.
Keywords: pšenica, Triticum L., analiza PCA, določevalni ključ
Published in DKUM: 09.12.2019; Views: 1643; Downloads: 79
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