1. Reduced susceptibility and increased resistance of bacteria against disinfectants : a systematic reviewUrška Rozman, Marko Pušnik, Sergej Kmetec, Darja Duh, Sonja Šostar-Turk, 2021, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Disinfectants are used to reduce the concentration of pathogenic microorganisms to a safe level and help to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases. However, bacteria have a tremendous ability to respond to chemical stress caused by biocides, where overuse and improper use of disinfectants can be reflected in a reduced susceptibility of microorganisms. This review aims to describe whether mutations and thus decreased susceptibility to disinfectants occur in bacteria during disinfectant exposure. A systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted with the databases PubMed, Science Direct and Web of Science. For the final analysis, 28 sources that remained of interest were included. Articles describing reduced susceptibility or the resistance of bacteria against seven different disinfectants were identified. The important deviation of the minimum inhibitory concentration was observed in multiple studies for disinfectants based on triclosan and chlorhexidine. A reduced susceptibility to disinfectants and potentially related problems with antibiotic resistance in clinically important bacterial strains are increasing. Since the use of disinfectants in the community is rising, it is clear that reasonable use of available and effective disinfectants is needed. It is necessary to develop and adopt strategies to control disinfectant resistance.
Ključne besede: antimicrobial resistance, susceptibility, disinfectants, bacteria
Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.12.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
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2. Immersive technology and hand hygiene : scoping reviewDominika Muršec, Sonja Šostar-Turk, Urška Rozman, Mateja Lorber, Nino Fijačko, Dominika Vrbnjak, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Background The use of immersive technology in healthcare education is on the rise, yet its impact on learner engagement, knowledge retention, and specifically in areas like hand hygiene training, remains underexplored. The aim of this scoping review was to summarize the existing studies of immersive technology in hand hygiene training of healthcare providers and health professions students. Methods A scoping review following the Levac et al. framework was conducted. The literature search was performed in databases PubMed, CINAHL Ultimate, ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Web of Science in addition to Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertation & Theses. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis: Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRIMSA-ScR) guideline was used to report the results. We analysed data using tabular and descriptive summary. Results In the final analysis 11 studies from seven countries were included. Most of the studies (n = 10, 90,91%) used virtual reality in hand hygiene training of healthcare providers and health professions students. Most studies have found that immersive technology is useful in teaching hand hygiene (n = 6, 54,55%). There are some theories and concepts that support the teaching of hand hygiene with immersive technology, but most of the research is not supported by them. Theories or concepts were included in two studies (18,18%). Conclusion Immersive technology, especially virtual reality, enhances hand hygiene learning and engagement compared to traditional methods. However, most studies lack theoretical support. To advance this field, exploring immersive technology for further research and incorporating relevant theories is encouraged. Additionally, conducting a thorough cost-effectiveness analysis and establishing a robust evaluation framework, encompassing both short-term and long-term outcomes, will be beneficial for a comprehensive understanding of the impact of immersive technology in hand hygiene education.
Ključne besede: immersive technology, hand hygiene, usefulness, theory, concept
Objavljeno v DKUM: 27.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
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3. Mobile applications for learning hand hygiene : a comparative analysisDominika Muršec, Adrijana Svenšek, Lucija Gosak, Sonja Šostar-Turk, Urška Rozman, Gregor Štiglic, Mateja Lorber, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Infection control is crucial for high-quality patient care. One of the most effective and commonly used infection control procedures is hand hygiene which, it is known, requires repeated refresher training. There are many ways to educate healthcare professionals about hand hygiene, including the use of mobile applications (apps). Our aim is to review such hand hygiene apps, and to identify which have been available since 2021 and to assess their quality. We conducted a review using the PRISMA diagram to document our app selection process in the Google Play Store and Apple store in March 2024. For the evaluation of apps, we used the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale questionnaire (uMARS). Of 16 apps only five adhere to WHO hand hygiene guidelines. Timers were included in 12 of the 16 apps and reminders were included in 10 of 16 apps. The highest overall uMARS scoring app was Give Me 5–Hand Hygiene (4.31 ± 0.28), while Wash your hands! (1.17 ± 0.14) had the lowest score. We found that more than half of the apps were unavailable from the 2021 review. We believe that app-based education could effectively sustain hand hygiene knowledge in healthcare settings.
Ključne besede: hand hygiene, innovative education, WHO
Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
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4. A critical assessment of microbial-based antimicrobial sanitizing of inanimate surfaces in healthcare settingsSabina Fijan, Peter Kürti, Urška Rozman, Sonja Šostar-Turk, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: The global rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant public health threat, especially in healthcare settings, where controlling the spread of antimicrobial genes is crucial. While person-to-person transmission remains the primary route for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), hospital surfaces serve as key reservoirs for antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. Regular cleaning and disinfection of these surfaces are essential. Microbial-based products for sanitizing hospital surfaces have emerged as promising tools to combat HAIs and AMR. However, a review of 32 publications found inconsistencies and potential risks. A total of 15 publications included hospital-based trials, while the rest were either in vitro or in situ assays, reviews, book chapters, or commentaries. In most of the hospital-based studies, specific strains of applied microorganisms were not identified, and the term “probiotic” was inaccurately used. These products mainly featured spores from Bacillus and Priestia genera, which was mainly hypothesized to work through competitive exclusion. Most hospital-based studies have shown that the application of microbial-based products resulted in a significant reduction in pathogens on surfaces, thereby contributing to a decrease in the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Further research is however needed to understand the effectiveness, mechanisms of action, and safety of microbial-based sanitizing agents. Strain-level identification is crucial for safety assessments, yet many reviewed products lacked this information. Consequently, there is a need for rigorous safety evaluations within existing regulatory frameworks to ensure the efficacy and safety of microbial-based cleaning products in healthcare settings.
Ključne besede: microbial cleaning, hygiene, Bacillus, spores, beneficial microbes, genus Priestia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.11.2024; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
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5. Ozonation of amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin in model hospital wastewater to increase biotreatabilitySeverina Aleksić, Andreja Žgajnar Gotvajn, Katarina Premzl, Mitja Kolar, Sonja Šostar-Turk, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Amoxicillin (AMX) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) are antibiotics commonly used in human medicine with high environmental toxicity and poor biodegradability. They have been found in various hospital effluents and groundwater, and their environmental impact is still not fully understood. In this work, we investigated the possibility of treating model wastewaters containing the antibiotics AMX and CIP using ozonation, with the addition of H$_2$O$_2$ under various conditions, including different pH values, H$_2$O$_2$, and ozone dosages. The quantification of and treatment efficacy for antibiotic removal were determined via solid phase extraction followed by chromatographic separation by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). This analytical system is quite efficient for the detection of all major antibiotic classes, even if they are present at very low concentrations. The efficiency of ozonation was determined by measuring the TOC (Total Organic Carbon) changes after ozonation of the model wastewater and by measuring the concentration of the two antibiotics. In a sequential activated sludge process of ozone-treated model wastewater, almost complete TOC removal and an overwhelming decrease in antibiotic concentrations (up to 99%) were observed. Ozonation resulted in complete removal of AMX and CIP in less than 30 and 120 min, respectively. The results of this work indicate that ozonation could be a suitable pretreatment method to reduce the toxicity of contaminants (AMX and CIP) and improve the biodegradability of hospital wastewater.
Ključne besede: antibiotics, amoxicillin, AMX, ciprofloxacin, CIP, hospital wastewater, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, sludge, water treatment
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.08.2024; Ogledov: 75; Prenosov: 14
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6. Vpliv podnebnih sprememb na zdravje in zdravstveno varstvo: percepcija zdravstvenih delavcev v SlovenijiNika Poderžan, 2024, magistrsko delo Opis: Uvod: Podnebne spremembe predstavljajo velik globalni izziv in zavedanje zdravstvenih delavcev o njihovih vplivih je ključnega pomena za zaščito zdravja. V zaključnem delu smo raziskovali percepcije zdravstvenih delavcev v Sloveniji o podnebnih spremembah, o njihovem vplivu na zdravje in o naslavljanju teh vplivov.
Metode: Izvedli smo presečno opazovalno raziskavo z metodo anketiranja, ki je potekala v petih splošnih bolnišnicah v Sloveniji. V raziskavo so bili vključeni zdravstveni delavci z različnimi poklicnimi in demografskimi značilnostmi.
Rezultati: Zdravstveni delavci se zavedajo podnebnih sprememb in zaznavajo vplive le-teh na zdravje v njihovem okolju. Velik delež ni opredeljen o vlogi zdravstvene ustanove in se, kljub prepoznani potencialni vlogi zdravstvenih delavcev, ne strinja, da lahko prispeva k naslavljanju teh vplivov. Obstaja nekaj pomembnih razlik v percepciji zdravstvenih delavcev z različnimi poklicnimi in demografskimi značilnostmi, največ glede na stopnjo izobrazbe in glede na vodstvene odgovornosti.
Razprava in zaključek: Zdravstveni delavci se zavedajo in so zaskrbljeni glede negativnih vplivov podnebnih sprememb, kar bi lahko odprlo prostor za pogovore v njihovi zdravstveni ustanovi in s pacienti. Potrebno je povečati vključenost zdravstvenih delavcev z dodatnim informiranjem ter usposabljanjem, da bodo pripravljeni pomagati pri soočanju z izzivi za zdravje, ki jih prinašajo podnebne spremembe.
Ključne besede: podnebne spremembe, percepcija, zdravje, zdravstveno varstvo, zdravstveni delavci
Objavljeno v DKUM: 29.07.2024; Ogledov: 121; Prenosov: 42
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7. Hygiene of medical devices and minimum inhibitory concentrations for alcohol-based and QAC disinfectants among isolates from physical therapy departmentsUrška Rozman, Darja Duh, Mojca Cimerman, Sonja Šostar-Turk, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Disinfectants are used intensively to control and prevent healthcare-associated infections. With continuous use and exposure to disinfectants, bacteria may develop reduced susceptibility. The study aimed to check the hygiene of devices in the physiotherapy department. For isolated bacterial strains, we aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of five different disinfectant wipe products currently in use. Microbiological environmental sampling in four various institutions in four different cities from two counties was performed, followed by CFU calculation and identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization with time-of-flight analyzer mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The sampling was performed on three different occasions: before patient use, after patient use, and after disinfection. The susceptibility of isolates to three different alcohol-based and three different quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) disinfectant wipes was examined by determining the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). We identified 27 different bacterial species from 11 different genera. Gram-positive bacteria predominated. The most abundant genera were Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Bacillus. The average MIC values of alcohol-based disinfectants range between 66.61 and 148.82 g/L, and those of QAC-based disinfectants range between 2.4 and 3.5 mg/L. Distinctive strains with four-fold increases in MIC values, compared to average values, were identified. The widespread use of disinfectants can induce a reduction in the susceptibility of bacteria against disinfectants and affect the increase in the proportion of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is urgent to define clear criteria for defining a microorganism as resistant to disinfectants by setting epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF) values and standardizing protocols for testing the resistance of microorganisms against disinfectants.
Ključne besede: surfaces hygiene, disinfectants, MIC, healthcare institution
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.07.2024; Ogledov: 106; Prenosov: 14
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8. International Scientific Conference »Research and Education in Nursing« : Book of Abstracts, June 13th 2024, Maribor, Slovenia2024, zbornik Opis: University of Maribor Faculty of Health Sciences is organising the lnternational Scientific Conference "Research and Education in Nursing". It will be held on June 13th 2024 in Maribor and will include the most recent findings of domestic and foreign researchers in nursing and other healthcare fields. The conference aims to explore advances in nursing and health care research as well as research-based education, in the Slovenian and international arena. Furthermore, it will provide an opportunity far practitioners and educators to exchange research evidence, models of best practice and innovative ideas.
Ključne besede: higher education, nursing, health sciences, conference, research
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.06.2024; Ogledov: 178; Prenosov: 20
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9. Aditivi v izdelkih iz prodajnih avtomatov v zdravstvenih in socialno varstvenih zavodih : magistrsko deloAnja Košič, 2024, magistrsko delo Opis: Prodajni avtomati predstavljajo zelo priročno možnost za nakup hrane za ljudi v tem hitrem tempu življenja. V njih največkrat najdemo predpakirana živila in pijače, ki imajo dolgi rok trajanja. Ta učinke se doseže z uporabo različni aditivov. Aditivi so dodane snovi živilom, ki jih običajno ne najdemo v tipični sestavi živila. Aditivi so razvrščeni v funkcijske razrede, kot so emulgatorji, stabilizatorji, barvila, konzervansi, sredstva za uravnavanje kislosti, antioksidanti in kisline. V magistrskem delu smo preverjali vsebnost aditivov v izdelkih iz prodajnih avtomatov v zdravstvenih in socialno varstvenih zavodih v Sloveniji in ugotovili, da so največkrat uporabljeni aditivi v sendvičih, žvečilnih gumijih, energijskih žitnih ploščicah in določenih sladoledih. Največkrat so bili uporabljeni emulgatorji/stabilizatorji/gostila (27,6%). Raziskava je pokazala, da je 44,19% vseh izdelkov vsebovalo več kot 4 različne aditive. Prav tako so rezultati pokazali, da proizvajalci največkrat uporabljajo označevanja aditivov v živilih z specifični imeni (75,14%) in ne z oznako E-števila. Med vsemi popisanimi aditivi nismo zasledili aditiva, ki bi bil zdravju škodljiv. Menimo, da je večji problem v medsebojnem učinkovanju aditivov v določenih izdelkih, saj smo v nekaterih izdelkih popisali po več kot 10 različnih aditivov.
Ključne besede: prodajni avtomati, aditivi, prigrizki, pijače, zdravstvene ustanove
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.04.2024; Ogledov: 254; Prenosov: 34
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10. Pilotni prodajni avtomati z živili v bolnišnici, zdravstvenem domu in v javnem socialno varstvenem zavodu : magistrsko deloAnja Kac, 2023, magistrsko delo Opis: Prodajni avtomati z živili so v zadnjih letih vse bolj pod drobnogledom, saj je njihova ponudba največkrat sestavljena iz izdelkov, ki imajo visoko energijsko vrednost, visoko vrednost maščob, sladkorjev in soli. Zdravstveni in socialnovarstveni zavodi bi morali predstavljati zgled pri ponudbi zdravih živil v prodajnih avtomatih, saj veljajo kot vodilne institucije za promocijo zdravega prehranjevanja. V magistrskem delu smo preverjali kupne navade potrošnikov s spremljanjem prodaje na prodajnih avtomatih s standardno ponudbo in na prodajnih avtomatih z bolj zdravo ponudbo živil. Kupne navade smo preverjali s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika. Raziskavo smo izvajali v izbrani bolnišnici, zdravstvenem domu in v javnem socialnovarstvenem zavodu v štajerski regiji, v letu 2021 in 2022. V raziskavi smo ugotovili, da dosedanji pregled standardne ponudbe prodajnih avtomatov prikazuje dejstvo, da so le-ti v večini napolnjeni s prigrizki in pijačami z nizko hranilno in visoko energijsko vrednostjo. Zdrave izbire so le redko na voljo. Rezultati statistične analize potrjujejo, da ponudba v prodajnih avtomatih vpliva na izbiro potrošnikov, saj bi se kupci zaradi bolj zdrave ponudbe živil statistično značilno večkrat odločili za nakup na prodajnem avtomatu. Raziskava prav tako potrjuje, da so potrošniki mnenja, da je prodajni avtomat z bolj zdravo ponudbo živil primernejši za nameščanje v zdravstvenih in socialnovarstvenih ustanovah. Mednarodne aktivnosti za uveljavljanje takega tipa živil v prodajnih avtomatih dajejo spodbudne rezultate. Z različnimi ukrepi, kot je informiranje o pomenu zdrave prehrane ter postopno povečevanje ponudbe bolj zdravih živil v prodajnih avtomatih, bomo sčasoma oblikovali okolje, v katerem bo zdrava in uravnotežena izbira preprosta.
Ključne besede: prodajni avtomati, zdrava prehrana, bolnišnice, zdravstveni domovi, socialnovarstveni zavod
Objavljeno v DKUM: 05.01.2024; Ogledov: 532; Prenosov: 57
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