Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: Ekološke proturječnosti sastavni su dio društvenih, razvojnih, strukturalnih suprotnosti. Upravo čitav civilizacijski napredak bio je otkupljen za cijenu mijenjanja, iskorištavanja i nasilja nad integritetom prirodnih ekoloških sistema. Ekološka kriza očituje se u paleolitu kao kriza načina prehrane, u neolitu urbanizacijom kao stvaranjem jezgre buduće ekološke prijetnje. Industrijska revolucija nije riješila osnovne proturječnosti između prirode, kapitala i metoda iskorištavanja prirode, već ih je samo produbila. Čovječanstvo je izgleda dospjelo do te točke kada »glavni predmet« čovječanstva mora biti borba za opstanak. Za rješenje ekološke krize i sprečavanje ekološke katastrofe prioritetni problem i pitanje je određivanje novih političkih koordinata. Načelno su moguća dva tipa, nivoa i ponašanja: Demokratsko-oblikovani sistemi i Autoritarno-oktroirani sistemi. Da bi izbjegli tehničku i ekološku diktaturu, potrebno je promijeniti odnos ljudi spram globalnih opasnosti, posebno ekoloških. Više demokracije znači uvjet za ekološki preobražaj našeg društva, što nije moguće provesti bez aktivnog učešća svih u tom poslu. Ekološka nasprotja so sestavni del družbenih, razvojnih in strukturalnih nasprotij. Ves civilizacijski napredek se je zgodil na račun naravnih ekoloških sistemov. V paleolitiku se ekološka kriza kaže kot kriza prehranjevanja, v neolitiku kot urbanizacija. Industrijska revolucija ni rešila nasprotja med naravo, kapitalom in metodami izkoriščanja narave temveč jih je poglobila. Tako se je človeštvo znašlo v točki, ko je preživetje njegov glavni problem. Le nove politične smeri lahko rešijo človeštvo pred propadom: demokratsko oblikovani sistemi in avtoritativno oktroirani sistemi. Da bi se izognili tehnološki in ekološki diktaturi je potrebno spremeniti odnos ljudi do ekoloških nevarnosti. Več demokracije predstavlja pogoj za ekološko preobrazbo naše družbe, kar zahteva sodelovanje vseh udeleženih.
Ključne besede: družba, demokracija, ekologija
Objavljeno: 12.10.2017; Ogledov: 14; Prenosov: 0
Polno besedilo (4,93 MB)

Ključne besede: transport, urban freight, CO2 emissions, energy efficiency, fuzzy clustering
Objavljeno: 27.09.2017; Ogledov: 42; Prenosov: 5
Polno besedilo (14,12 MB)

Opis: The primary benefit of fuzzy systems theory is to approximate system behavior where analytic functions or numerical relations do not exist. In this paper, heuristic fuzzy rules were used with the intention of improving the performance of optimization models, introducing experiential rules acquired from experts and utilizing recommendations. The aim of this paper was to define soft constraints using an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). This newly-developed soft constraint was applied to discrete optimization for obtaining optimal solutions. Even though the computational model is based on advanced computational technologies including fuzzy logic, neural networks and discrete optimization, it can be used to solve real-world problems of great interest for design engineers. The proposed computational model was used to find the minimum weight solutions for simply-supported laterally-restrained beams.
Ključne besede: uncertainty, discrete optimization, neuro-fuzzy technique, structural optimization
Objavljeno: 09.08.2017; Ogledov: 95; Prenosov: 0
Polno besedilo (1,10 MB)

Opis: Building Information Modelling (BIM) has become accepted as an approach that should deliver substantial gains to all the stakeholders within the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. Recently, several researchers have pointed out the need for cultural changes as a necessary step for radically transforming the industry. In order to provide answers to these requests, the culture should be described in a more explicit way, and industry issues interpreted correctly. This paper via qualitative research of variety of sources explores the stability and persistence of a traditional 2D paper-based approach in the light of Institutional theory. The paper illustrates how the traditional approach is embedded within AEC culture by considering the regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive aspects. These aspects support each other, thus providing even more stability and support for the existing values and ways of working. The aim of this work is to provide some insight into reasons for slower penetration of the BIM based construction. The paper also explains the local character of the industry, which slows down transference of best practices within the AEC industry. Understanding of existing patterns reveals new insights into how to make the transition easier and more functional, especially within the contexts of existing priorities and values.
Ključne besede: building information modelling, BIM, institutional theory, 2D paper based working
Objavljeno: 07.08.2017; Ogledov: 67; Prenosov: 0
Polno besedilo (331,19 KB)

Opis: “Einstein’s riddle” is a popular example of constraints satisfaction problem. Since its introduction, different forms and variations of the riddle have been presented. Regardless of the variant of the riddle, its solution is considered a tough challenge for humans. Researchers have developed and are still developing mathematical models, as well as computational simulation models for solving it. In this article, the authors have modified a previously published mathematical model and developed a computational spreadsheet model for solving the riddle, which provides a unique solution for the riddle. The model was also tested in a small and medium-scaled form for solving constraint satisfaction problems regarding the allocation of construction machines. The authors have also highlighted the model’s limitations for solving such problems and made suggestions regarding necessary modifications in the model to solve more complex problems in the same domain.
Ključne besede: Einstein's riddle, zebra riddle, construction, machine allocation, combinatorial optimization
Objavljeno: 02.08.2017; Ogledov: 66; Prenosov: 2
Polno besedilo (437,45 KB)