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1.
Hybrid reality development - can social responsibility concepts provide guidance?
Igor Perko, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Purpose: This paper aims to define hybrid reality (HyR) as an ongoing process in which artificial intelligence (AI) technology is gradually introduced as an active stakeholder by using reasoning to execute real-life activities. Also, to examine the implications of social responsibility (SR) concepts as featured in the HyR underlying common framework to progress towards the redefinition of global society. Design/methodology/approach: A combination of systemic tools is used to examine and assess the development of HyR. The research is based on evolutionary and learning concepts, leading to the new meta-system development. It also builds upon the viable system model and AI, invoking SR as a conceptual framework. The research is conducted by using a new approach: using system dynamics based interactions modelling, the following two models have been proposed. The state-of-the-art HyR interactions model, examined using SR concepts; and a SR concept-based HyR model, examined using a smart vehicle case. Findings: In the HyR model, interaction asymmetry between stakeholders is identified, possibly leading to pathological behaviour and AI technology learning corruption. To resolve these asymmetry issues, an interaction model based on SR concepts is proposed and examined on the example of an autonomous vehicle transport service. The examination results display significant changes in the conceptual understanding of transport services, their utilisation and data-sharing concepts. Research limitations/implications: As the research proposal is theoretical in nature, the projection may not display a fully holistic perspective and can/should be complemented with empirical research results. Practical implications: For researchers, HyR provides a new paradigm and can thereby articulate potential research frameworks. HyR designers can recognise projected development paths and the resources required for the implication of SR concepts. Individuals and organisations should be aware of their not necessarily passive role in HyR and can therefore use the necessary social force to activate their status. Originality/value: For the first time, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the term HyR is openly elaborated and systemically examined by invoking concepts of SR. The proposed model provides an overview of the current and potential states of HyR and examines the gap between them.
Ključne besede: artificial intelligence, social responsibility, systems thinking, cybernetics, hybrid reality, interactions model
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
.pdf Celotno besedilo (796,19 KB)
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2.
Preparation of international business negotiation strategies : competitive assessment aspects in the market power system
Kęstutis Peleckis, Valentina Peleckiene, Kestutis K. Peleckis, Giedre Lapinskiene, Zlatko Nedelko, 2019, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: The existence of exclusive rights to produce or supply services means a monopoly. Often it is called a natural monopoly. Exclusive rights are granted for a long period of time, which should encourage major investments in infrastructure, the development of which is unlikely to occur without a guaranteed market. But sometimes exclusive rights are used in situations where there is no natural monopoly. Exclusive rights are, in many respects, one of the main routes to market. Exclusive rights may allow monopoly pricing and other market power tools. Regulatory measures used by competition authorities alone do not make it possible to avoid such a situation, as they often show a very low success rate in preventing market power from being used to protect consumers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the theory and practice of preparing negotiating strategies in a complex way, to reveal opportunities to develop and implement these negotiating strategies, taking into account competition policy actions. The subject of the study is the preparation of negotiation strategies taking into account competition policy actions in the market. The research problem of the article there is not enough tools in the negotiation theory to help develop negotiation strategies in line with competition policy actions.
Ključne besede: business, management, negotiation strategies, globalisation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
.pdf Celotno besedilo (274,97 KB)
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3.
Well-being and satisfaction of nurses in Slovenian hospitals : a cross-sectional study
Mateja Lorber, Sonja Treven, Damijan Mumel, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Introduction: Well-being is one of the most important factors in whether nurses decide to remain in the nursing profession. This study aims to examine well-being and satisfaction among nurses working in Slovenian hospitals and to identify the related demographic factors. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study uses standardised instruments. The sample included 640 nurses working in Slovenian hospitals. The difference between individual variables were analysed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Nurses self-assessed their satisfaction and well-being as moderate. Forty-seven per cent of nurses were satisfied with their job, 49% assessed their psychological well-being as good, 52% were often exposed to stress at the workplace and 30% were always exposed to stress at the workplace. Levels of job satisfaction (p=0.031), psychological well-being (p=0.029) and subjective well-being (p=0.014) were found to differ significantly according to level of education, while levels of job satisfaction (p=0.005), life satisfaction (p<0.001), psychological well-being (p<0.001) and subjective well-being (p<0.001) were also found to differ according to years of nursing service and from hospital to hospital (p<0.001). Conclusions: The key finding of the study is that nurses are moderately satisfied with their work and life and that they display moderate levels of psychological and subjective well-being. Hospitals can be successful and achieve the goals of the organisation if their employees are satisfied with work and enjoy good levels of well-being. Hospital management have to recognise the importance of ensuring that nurses and other employees are satisfied and healthy.
Ključne besede: hospitals, nurses, satisfaction, health
Objavljeno v DKUM: 28.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
.pdf Celotno besedilo (480,56 KB)
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4.
Impact of entrepreneurship activity sustainable development
Ivona Huđek, Barbara Bradač Hojnik, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Sustainable development considers the development that achieves the present economic goals, without obstructing the future development in a sense of satisfying the needs of society and endangering the environment. Recently, the entrepreneurship phenomenon has been widely recognized as an important path towards sustainable development, positively contributing to the development of society. Thus, in the paper, the empirical evidence on linkages between entrepreneurial activity indicators and social development goals is provided. To examine the linkages, the data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Sustainable Development Goals Index were used. The empirical results suggest that entrepreneurship represents an important factor for fostering sustainability, particularly in opportunity-driven and innovative entrepreneurial activities. The results show, that both of them have a positive impact on sustainable development, while the necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity negatively affects sustainable development. This could be explained by the fact that necessity entrepreneurs are not likely to become the entrepreneurs to implement a promising business opportunity, but rather to earn an income. To achieve the sustainable development goals as well as entrepreneurship should become the national priority by introducing new policies and measures, that is, making the conditions, through which entrepreneurship could achieve positive contributions to the development of the society.
Ključne besede: sustainable development, opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activity, innovative entrepreneurial activity, necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity, Sustainable Development Goals Index
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
.pdf Celotno besedilo (474,30 KB)
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5.
Social impact, innovations, and market activity of social enterprises : comparison of European countries
Barbara Bradač Hojnik, Katja Crnogaj, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The purpose of this article is to provide an insight into the specifics of social entrepreneurship in different business environments. The article, therefore, examines selected characteristics of social enterprises, namely social value, innovations, and market activities. In addition, differences in the start-up and operational phases of social enterprises were measured. Social enterprises must operate in a specific business context, which essentially hinders or promotes social entrepreneurship. As culture differs between north-western and south-eastern Europe, it is important to examine the differences in social entrepreneurship between these two groups of countries. To analyze the proposed characteristics, we used the latest data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor special report on social entrepreneurship. The results indicate that there exist differences in social impact measurement between observed groups of countries. Additionally, we confirmed differences between the observed groups of countries in terms of innovations and market activity of social enterprises in the operational phase. Our results also suggest that social entrepreneurship is more developed in north-western European countries than in south-eastern ones, with some elements in the north-western countries being more noticeable in the operational phase compared to the start-up phase.
Ključne besede: social entrepreneurship, social value creation, innovations, market activity, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, GEM
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (301,63 KB)
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6.
Economic policy and confidence of economic agents - a causal relationship?
Silvo Dajčman, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The purpose of this paper is to study whether innovations in monetary and fiscal policy are a leading indicator of future business and consumer confidence and reverse applying the panel Granger causality analysis to two periods in the history of the euro area: before and after the start of the Great Recession. The results show that Granger causality interaction between the confidence of economic agents and the stance of monetary policy (measured by the shadow rate) is stronger than between the former and the fiscal policy instruments. The European Central Bank (ECB) shadow rate innovations Granger caused business and consumer confidence in both periods, but also indicators of confidence Granger caused the shadow rate. No such feedback could be established between two fiscal policy instruments (government expenditure and revenue growth) and the indicators of confidence. Government spending and revenues Granger caused business confidence in the first subperiod, but not in the second subperiod when the causality reversed. The government revenues Granger caused consumer confidence in the first subperiod, while government expenditures in the second subperiod. Consumer confidence Granger caused government spending in the first subperiod.
Ključne besede: fiscal policy, monetary policy, consumer confidence, business confidence, panel Granger causality
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
.pdf Celotno besedilo (409,37 KB)
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7.
Analysing the relationship between hotelsʹ internal marketing and employee engagement dimensions
Kristina Črnjar, Jasmina Dlačić, Borut Milfelner, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Purpose – In the hotel industry, as in all services, the goal is to have satisfied employees who are engaged in their job. From a marketing perspective, one of the possible ways companies can achieve that is by adopting internal marketing practices. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to research the relationship between internal marketing and different dimensions of employee engagement (emotional, cognitive and physical) in the hotel industry. Design/Methodology/Approach – The data was collected through a paper-and-pencil questionnaire on a sample of 573 hotel employees in Croatia. Adapted scales from previous research were used for measuring research constructs using the back-translation technique. Conceptual model and hypotheses were tested with covariance based structural equation modelling. Findings and implications – The results show that internal marketing had a positive and statistically significant impact on emotional and cognitive engagement. Cognitive engagement, in turn, had a positive impact on emotional and physical engagement, while emotional engagement had a positive impact on physical engagement. Limitations – The use of self-evaluations could potentially cause social desirability bias. The study is limited only to Croatian hotels, which might vary from hotel industries in other parts of the world. Originality – This paper contributes to the development of internal marketing, as it identifies the relationship between internal marketing and different forms of employee engagement. Employee engagement is approached multidimensionally as consisting of emotional, cognitive and physical engagement. By distinguishing different engagement dimensions, the paper contributes to the theory of personal engagement with testing employee engagement concept in the hotel industry.
Ključne besede: internal marketing, employee engagement, hotel industry, hotels, Croatia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 16.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
.pdf Celotno besedilo (945,22 KB)
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8.
Speeding up the implementation of industry 4.0 with management tools : empirical investigations in manufacturing organizations
Rok Črešnar, Vojko Potočan, Zlatko Nedelko, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The main purpose of this study is to examine how the use of management tools supports the readiness of manufacturing organizations for the implementation of Industry 4.0. The originality of the research is reflected in the exploration of the relationship between the use of the selected well-known management tools and their readiness for the implementation of Industry 4.0, which was assessed using a combination of two models—one developed by the National Academy of Science and Engineering (Acatech) and the other by the University of Warwick. The relationship was assessed by applying structural equation modeling techniques to a data set of 323 responses from employees in manufacturing organizations. The results show that the use of six sigma, total quality management, radio frequency identification, a balanced scorecard, rapid prototyping, customer segmentation, mission and vision statements, and digital transformation is positively associated with Industry 4.0 readiness. Inversely, outsourcing and strategic planning are negatively associated with Industry 4.0 readiness, while lean manufacturing, which is often emphasized as the cornerstone of Industry 4.0 implementation, is not associated with Industry 4.0 readiness in our study. These findings can help organizations to understand how to consider and measure readiness for the implementation of Industry 4.0 more comprehensively and present guidelines on how the use of management tools in manufacturing organizations can foster their implementation of Industry 4.0 principles.
Ključne besede: industry 4.0, readiness, implementation, management tools, manufacturing organizations
Objavljeno v DKUM: 16.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
.pdf Celotno besedilo (797,71 KB)
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9.
Understanding future leaders : how are personal values of generations Y and Z tailored to leadership in industry 4.0?
Rok Črešnar, Zlatko Nedelko, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: This study combines two main challenges for organizations today, as it examines the alignment between personal values of future leaders and the values needed in the Industry 4.0 workplace. Based on the movement of the organizational environment toward a more multidisciplinary, open, collaborative and multicultural environment, we presuppose that the Industry 4.0 workplace requires a more benevolent, universally oriented and generally self-transcended leaders. Drawing upon Schwartz’s value theory, we examine the impact of Generations Y and Z’s personal values on their leadership inclination. The results from the survey of 371 young participants from Generations Y and Z reveal that self-enhancement (i.e., power and achievement), openness to change and conservation values most significantly affect leadership inclination. Meanwhile, benevolence, universalism and general self-transcendence values—cornerstones of the Industry 4.0 workplace—show negative effects on leadership inclination in the frame of the Industry 4.0 workplace. This indicates a poor fit between the values of future leaders and the values of the Industry 4.0 workplace. These findings have significant implications for human resource management in future organizations and contribute to the understanding of future leaders. In addition, the findings can help organizations to manage sustainable workings in an Industry 4.0 environment.
Ključne besede: personal values, future leaders, Industry 4.0, Gen Y, Gen Z, organizations, Industry 4.0 workplace, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (413,42 KB)
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10.
Overview of social entrepreneurship development in Slovenia
Barbara Bradač Hojnik, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The aim of the article is to analyze public policies of social entrepreneurship in Slovenia and their developmental phases, the characteristics of social economy organizations, and to assess the framework conditions for social entrepreneurship by social enterprises. Since social entrepreneurship follows mainly social objectives, it needs the support of the ecosystem to develop properly. The EU allows the Member States to regulate social entrepreneurship itself, so Slovenia has formalized the social entrepreneurship domain through national-level legislation. In the article, a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods is applied, using primary data on social enterprises and a case study approach. The results of the analysis of social economy organizations in Slovenia indicate that the formal status of social enterprises covers a wide range of organizations and their share is low in the national context. The analysis of the case study organizations indicates that the legislation is considered as the main factor hindering the development of social entrepreneurship. Moreover, their assessment of public policies is rather judgmental and disapproving. In general, the results reveal that although the area of social entrepreneurship in Slovenia is developing, a vision and long-term strategy is still lacking and the implementation of supportive environment incentives is insufficient.
Ključne besede: social entrepreneurship, public policies, social economy, case studies, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.01.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
.pdf Celotno besedilo (497,27 KB)
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