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2.
Ultrastructural changes in the midgut of Brazilian native stingless bee Melipona scutellaris exposed to fungicide pyraclostrobin
Caio Eduardo da Costa Domingues, Lais Vieira Bello Inoue, Aleš Gregorc, Leticia Salvioni Ansaloni, Osmar Malaspina, Elaine C. Mathias da Silva, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Melipona scutellaris is a Brazilian stingless bee that is important for pollinating wild flora and agriculture crops. Fungicides have been widely used in agriculture, and floral residues can affect forager bees. The goal of our study was to evaluate the effects of sublethal concentrations of pyraclostrobin on the midgut ultrastructure of M. scutellaris forager workers. The bees were collected from three non-parental colonies and kept under laboratory conditions. The bees were orally exposed continuously for five days to pyraclostrobin in syrup at concentrations of 0.125 ng a.i./µL (FG1) and 0.005 ng a.i./µL (FG2). The control bees (CTL) were fed a no-fungicide sucrose solution, and the acetone solvent control bees (CAC) received a sucrose solution containing acetone. At the end of the exposure, the midguts were sampled, fixed in Karnovsky solution, and routinely processed for transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural analysis demonstrated that both the fungicide concentrations altered the midgut, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization (more intense in FG1), the presence of an atypical nuclear morphology, and slightly dilated mitochondrial cristae in the bees from the FG1 and FG2 groups (both more intense in FG1). Additionally, there was an alteration in the ultrastructure of the spherocrystals (FG1), which could be the result of cellular metabolism impairment and the excretion of toxic metabolites in the digestive cells as a response to fungicide exposure. The results indicate that ingested pyraclostrobin induced cytotoxic effects in the midgut of native stingless bees. These cellular ultrastructural responses of the midgut are a prelude to a reduced survival rate, as observed in previous studies.
Ključne besede: digestive tract, Meliponini, mitochondria, morphology, strobilurin, sublethal effects
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (5,18 MB)
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3.
Varna krma : Učno gradivo za študente podiplomskega študija Varnost hrane v prehrambeni verigi
Igor Vojtic, drugo učno gradivo

Objavljeno v DKUM: 26.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,21 MB)

4.
Increased planting speed did not affect silage and grain yield of maize, while saving seed and energy
Filip Vučajnk, Igor Šantavec, Darja Kocjan Ačko, Jurij Rakun, Jože Verbič, Rajko Bernik, Stanislav Trdan, Matej Vidrih, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Optimal planting speed of vacuum maize planters is usually suggested by planter’s manufacturers, while increased planting speed may influence plant spacing and finally yield. Our hypothesis was that by increasing planting speed over the suggested level plant spacing variability will also increase which will result in decrease of silage and grain yield and saving of seed and energy. The field trial consisted of three planting speeds of 7, 9 and 11 km/h in the form of random blocks. The following measurements were taken as follows: plant spacing, silage and grain yield, fuel and energy use at planting. Results in this study show that planting speed did not have significant influence on silage and grain yield of maize, while up to 10% less seed was needed per hectare and fuel and energy use was lower for 15%. By the increase of planting speed the distance between the plants in a row, and in most cases also the plant spacing variability increased. It was noticed that by increasing planting speed plant density decreased. This research established that at higher planting speeds significant increase of the silage yield per individual plant and of the grain yield per individual plant was achieved. The ear parameters also show that the kernel mass per individual ear, the ear mass, and the cob mass, as well as the individual kernel mass, are larger at the planting speed of 11 km/h than at the planting speed of 7 km/h. At the latter planting speed, significantly higher fuel consumption per hectare and higher energy use was achieved than at the other two planting speeds. Overall the main benefits of planting speed of 11 km/h is saving seed and energy at planting while maintaning the same level of silage and grain yield compared to lower planting speeds used in the trial.
Ključne besede: energy use, grain yield, maize, planting speed, plant spacing, seed savings, silage yield, vacuum planter
Objavljeno v DKUM: 11.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
.pdf Celotno besedilo (386,40 KB)
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5.
OSNOVE PRECIZNEGA KMETIJSTVA : Skripta
Peter Vindiš, Miran Lakota, Jurij Rakun, 2025, drugo učno gradivo

Opis: Skripta je namenjena vsem študentom Fakultete za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede, ki jih omenjena tematika zanima, predvsem pa študentom študijskih smeri Biosistemsko inženirstvo VS ter drugi stopnji magistrskega študijskega programa Kmetijstvo. Omenjeno gradivo je sestavljeno iz vsebin, ki se navezujejo na predmete Osnove preciznega kmetijstva, Geografski informacijski sistemi v kmetijstvu ter Elektronika in avtomatizacija 1. Študentje naj uporabljajo skripto pri učenju in utrjevanju snovi. Skripta na didaktičen način obravnava tematiko v celoti, tako da lahko študent gradivo tudi sam predela in ga razume. Skripta vsebuje vsebine iz zbranih poglavij uporabe precizne tehnologije v kmetijstvu, traktorskih komponent, potrebnih za pravilno delovanje GPS-sistema, uporabe satelitov in analize slike za namen preciznega kmetijstva, predstavitev spletno-mobilnih orodij za namen uporabe v preciznem kmetijstvu, variabilnega gnojenja kmetijskih površin in uporabe digitalnih kart ter pomena variabilne setve kmetijskih kultur.
Ključne besede: Precizno kmetijstvo, digitalizacija v kmetijstvu, mobilne aplikacije, precizno gnojenje, precizna setev kmetijskih kultur.
Objavljeno v DKUM: 25.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 18
.pdf Celotno besedilo (4,62 MB)

6.
8. posvet o ohranjanju in trajnostni rabi rastlinskih genskih virov : Trajni nasadi, zbornik povzetkov
2025, zbornik

Opis: Zbornik vključuje povzetke prispevkov, ki so bili predstavljeni na 8. Posvetu o ohranjanju in trajnostni rabi rastlinskih genskih virov (RGV), organiziranem s strani Univerze v Mariboru, Fakultete za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede, v sodelovanju z Ministrstvom za kmetijstvo, gozdarstvo in prehrano. Namen vsakoletnega posveta je ozaveščanje javnosti o pomembnosti ohranjanja RGV v Sloveniji, predstavitev novosti na tem področju, pregled dosežkov ter izmenjava izkušenj med sodelujočimi. Zaradi omejenega obsega razpoložljivih finančnih sredstev so trenutne dejavnosti JSRGB usmerjene predvsem v ohranitev obstoječih zbirk lokalnih genskih virov kmetijskih rastlin, manj pa je aktivnosti na področju sistematičnega ocenjevanja RGV glede uporabne vrednosti, tako v genskih bankah ex situ kot na njihovem naravnem rastišču in situ. Osrednja tema letošnjega posveta so bili trajni nasadi in sicer so bili v prvem sklopu predstavljeni prispevki, ki so obravnavali sadne rastline, v drugem sklopu pa so sledila predavanja na temo trajnih nasadov vinske trte. Ob zaključku so bile podane možnosti vzpostavitve ohranjanja RGV na kmetijah. Poudarjen je bil tudi pomen sistema kakovosti pri vodenju genskih bank.
Ključne besede: vodenje kakovosti, genska banka, trajni nasadi, tradicionalni genotipi sliv, genska banka vinske trte
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,85 MB)
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7.
Sustainable development of ethno-villages in Bosnia and Herzegovina : a multi criteria assessment
Boris Prevolšek, Aleksandar Maksimović, Adis Puška, Karmen Pažek, Maja Borlinič Gačnik, Črtomir Rozman, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: This paper explores ethno-villages in Bosnia and Herzegovina as an important element of rural and cultural tourism. The attractiveness of natural and cultural heritage is very important for sustainable rural tourism development. In order to improve the process of decision making to enable the sustainable development of ethno-villages, a multi-criteria assessment model has been developed. The methodology is based on qualitative modeling using a multi-criteria analysis via the DEXi software. The model is based on hierarchical relations consisting of three main criteria that are the basis of sustainable tourism development: economic, social, and environmental criteria. The ultimate goal of the model in this study was to evaluate ethno-villages, namely six ethno-villages in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results of the study show how ethno-villages contribute to sustainable development.
Ključne besede: sustainable development, tourism, ethno-villages, DEXi, decision support, multi-criteria model, assessment
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 7
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,53 MB)
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8.
Lipid deposition and metabolism in local and modern pig breeds : a review
Klavdija Poklukar Žnidaršič, Marjeta Čandek-Potokar, Nina Batorek Lukač, Urška Tomažin, Martin Škrlep, 2020, pregledni znanstveni članek

Opis: Modern pig breeds, which have been genetically improved to achieve fast growth and a lean meat deposition, differ from local pig breeds with respect to fat deposition, fat specific metabolic characteristics and various other properties. The present review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the differences between fatty local and modern lean pig breeds in adipose tissue deposition and lipid metabolism, taking into consideration morphological, cellular, biochemical, transcriptomic and proteomic perspectives. Compared to modern breeds, local pig breeds accumulate larger amounts of fat, which generally contains more monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids; they exhibit a higher adipocyte size and higher activity of lipogenic enzymes. Studies using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches highlighted several processes like immune response, fatty-acid turn-over, oxidoreductase activity, mitochondrial function, etc. which differ between local and modern pig breeds.
Ključne besede: pig, adipose tissue, local breeds, modern breeds, cellularity, transcriptome, proteom, adaptation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,72 MB)
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9.
Effect of Lactobacillus spp. on adhesion, invasion, and translocation of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken and pig small-intestinal epithelial cell lines
Maja Šikić Pogačar, Tomaž Langerholc, Dušanka Mičetić-Turk, Sonja Smole Možina, Anja Klančnik, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background : Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease. This mainly arises through contamination of meat products during processing. For infection, Campylobacter spp. must adhere to epithelial cells of the mucus layer, survive conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, and colonise the intestine of the host. Addition of probiotic bacteria might promote competitive a dhesion to epithelial cells, consequently reducing Campylobacter jejuni colonisation. Effect of Lactobacillus spp. (PCS20, PCS22, PCS25, LGG, PCK9) on C. jejuni adhesion, invasion and translocation in pig (PSI cl.1) and chicken (B1OXI) small-intestine cell lines, as well as pig enterocytes (CLAB) was investigated. Results : Overall, in competitive adhesion assays with PSI cl.1 and CLAB cell monolayers, the addition of Lactobacillus spp. reduced C. jejuni adherence to the cell surface, and negatively affected the C. jejuni invasion. Interestingly, Lactobacillus spp. significantly impaired C. jejuni adhesion in three-dimensional functional PSI cl.1 and B1OXI cell models. Also, C. jejuni did not translocate across PSI cl.1 and B1OXI cell monolayers when co-incubated with probiotics. Among selected probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG was the strain that reduced adhesion efficacy of C. jejuni most significantly under co-culture conditions. Conclusion : The addition of Lactobacillus spp. to feed additives in livestock nutrition might be an effective novel strategy that targets Campylobacter adhesion to epithelial cells, and thus prevents colonisation, reduces the transmission, and finally lowers the incidence of human campylobacteriosis.
Ključne besede: Campylobacter jejuni, Lactobacillus spp., chicken and pig cell line, adhesion, invasion, translocation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 06.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,80 MB)
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10.
Multicriteria assessment of the quality of waste sorting centers - ǂaǂ case study
Karmen Pažek, Jernej Prišenk, Simon Bukovski, Boris Prevolšek, Črtomir Rozman, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: In this paper, the quality of the municipal waste sorting process in seven waste management centers in Slovenia was assessed using the qualitative multicriteria analysis (MCA) method DEX (Decision EXpert) implemented in DEXi software, which is based on multicriteria decomposition of the problem and utility functions in the form of ʺif-thenʺ decision rules. The study was based on eight types of secondary raw materials. The quality of the secondary raw materials, the regularity of the delivery of secondary raw materials to recycling units based on the sorting efficiency, and the loading weight of the individual baled fractions in the transport of secondary raw materials for recycling were the main parameters used in the model. The final assessment shows good waste management service in centers A and D. Centers B, C, and F were rated ʺaverageʺ. The ʺbadʺ rating was assigned to centers E and G.
Ključne besede: waste sorting, quality management, multicriteria decision analysis, expert system DEXi
Objavljeno v DKUM: 03.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 4
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,88 MB)
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