1. Readability and vagueness of privacy policies in mHealth applications : a multi-country analysisViktor Taneski, Paul Schwarz, Leon Bošnjak, Marina Tropmann-Frick, Boštjan Brumen, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Privacy policies are intended to inform users about how their data is collected and processed, but they are often shaped by legalmotivations that can reduce their clarity. This study analyzes English-language privacy policies frommedical and healthrelated apps in 10 Western-influenced countries to assess their readability and vagueness. From an initial dataset of 3,992 policies, 713 were selected for analysis. Readability and vague language were quantified using standard indices. The findings reveal significant regional differences in both readability and vagueness. Notably, shorter policies tended to be less readable but also less vague than longer ones. This study represents a pioneering effort, as it is the first of its kind to specifically address the issue of vagueness in mHealth applications’ privacy policies. The results of this study imply that the privacy policies are way too long and complex to read and too vague to uncover the actual data handling and processing practices.
Ključne besede: mHealth, mobile apps, medical apps, privacy policies, readability, vague language, healthcare, legal document analysis
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.01.2026; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
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2. Tripartite evolutionary game analysis of the adoption of AI delivery technologyS. Y. Lin, M. Y. Zheng, J. L. Chen, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The decision of logistics enterprises to adopt AI delivery technology is influenced by multiple stakeholders, a fact that is largely ignored in existing research. A tripartite evolutionary game model incorporating the government, logistics enterprises, and consumers was established in this study. It analyzed the strategies adopted by the three actors in promoting AI delivery technology and examined the factors influencing their choices. Furthermore, the evolutionary equilibrium and stability of these strategies were explored and verified through simulation analysis. Results reveal several key insights: (1) Technology promotion is a collaborative process driven by multiple stakeholders. Government subsidies, enterprise costs and benefits, and consumer utility are the crucial variables determining system stability. (2) Government incentives not only reduce enterprises’ adoption costs but also increase consumer willingness to adopt through subsidies and publicity. These measures accelerate the system’s evolution toward the ideal stable state of “introduction, incentive, AI delivery”. (3) Enterprises’ investment decisions are highly sensitive to input costs and economic benefits. The threshold for technology adoption decreases when significant economic benefits are present or costs decline. (4) Consumers’ perceived utility and learning costs directly affect their usage intentions and subsequently influence the strategic choices of the government and enterprises through demand feedback. This study provides a novel perspective on the promotion of AI delivery and offers practical management insights for policy-making and user analysis in logistics enterprises.
Ključne besede: artificial intelligence, AI delivery, logistics delivery services, technology adoption, tripartite evolutionary game mode, government incentives, logistics enterprise decision-making, consumer behaviour
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.01.2026; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
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3. Bacterial nanocellulose biohybrid membranes and beads for potential cosmetics, food, and drug delivery applicationsKaja Kupnik, Neža Brezovec, Željko Knez, Maja Leitgeb, Mateja Primožič, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Bacterial nanocellulose is a promising biomaterial extensively used in functional foods and for drug delivery. Moreover, its characteristics can further be potentialized whether coupled with natural bio-extracts to endow antibacterial activity. Persea americana or avocado seed extracts are rich in phytochemicals and have demonstrated their antioxidant, antimicrobial and enzymatic activities, therefore encapsulating them into bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) may offer a potential release system of antibacterial avocado seed compounds. Accordingly, this study explores the in-depth insight into the influence of different bacterial nanocellulose producing strains (Komagataeibacter hansenii and Komagataeibacter xylinus) and cultivation conditions (static and dynamic cultivation, fermentation time) on the bacterial nanocellulose productivity and characteristics. The obtained bacterial nanocellulose membranes and beads were characterized in terms of chemical structure, morphology and crystallinity. More profitable and productive K. xylinus was further selected for encapsulation (up to 72.89 mg) of avocado seed extracts into bacterial nanocellulose membranes and beads in order to comprehensively evaluate the kinetic release profiles and determine their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Results of the study show that the bacterial nanocellulose and avocado seed extracts biohybrids represent a promising immediate (up to 17.39 mg in 1 h) and sustained (up to 35.04 mg in 48 h) release systems. Kinetic release modeling and cytotoxicity assessments confirmed controlled release behavior and biocompatibility for safe antibacterial applications in cosmetics, functional foods and drug delivery.
Ključne besede: bacterial nanocellulose beads, avocado seed extract, re-hydration, release, antibacterial activity
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.01.2026; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
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4. A multi-objective feature selection and self-paced ensemble framework for semiconductor defect detectionH. Zheng, X. Gao, X. Yang, G. Jing, M. Yang, Y. Liu, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In semiconductor manufacturing, defect detection is commonly performed using high-dimensional process data. These data often exhibit class imbalance and class overlap, which create challenges for achieving reliable classification performance. To address these issues, this study proposes a multi-objective feature selection and self-paced ensemble (MOFS-SPE) framework. The framework employs a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) for feature selection. In this process, the area under the precision–recall curve (AUPRC) and the R-value are used as objective functions to identify feature subsets that are highly relevant to quality outcomes. In addition, the framework integrates the self-paced ensemble (SPE) with tree-based classifiers to handle imbalanced and overlapping data. Experiments conducted on a real semiconductor manufacturing dataset (SECOM dataset) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Compared with using the full feature set, the selected features increase the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) from 0.685 to 0.770 and the AUPRC from 0.932 to 0.972. When applying the SPE framework, the specificity of the decision tree model improves from 0.048 to 0.667, thereby enhancing the reliability of identifying defective products. Overall, the proposed framework provides a useful reference for intelligent quality inspection in semiconductor production environments.
Ključne besede: semiconductor manufacturing, defect detection, quality inspection, class imbalance, class overlap, multi-objective feature selection, self-paced ensemble, machine learning
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.01.2026; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
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5. The influence of cohumulone on thermodynamics of micellization of alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide surfactantsTjaša Skarlovnik, Bojan Šarac, Urban Bren, Sabina Vohl, Gregor Hostnik, 2026, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In the present study, micellization of three cationic surfactants, dodecytrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), tetradecytrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB), in the presence and absence of cohumulone (CH), was carefully examined with a wide variety of methods. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) was determined using fluorescence (DTAB: 12.2 mM, CH added: 14.50 mM; TTAB: 2.38 mM, CH added: 4.80 mM; HTAB: 0.66 mM, CH added: 2.29 mM) and conductivity measurements. The thermodynamics of micellization was thoroughly examined using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ΔH°mic (kJ/mol) at 25 °C: DTAB: −1.48; added CH: −1.57; TTAB: −3.88; added CH: −4.16; HTAB: −7.98; added CH: −7.19). The effect of cohumulone on micelle dimensions was observed with Dynamic light scattering (DLS; DTAB: 4.2 nm, CH added: 8.1 nm; TTAB: 3.6 nm, CH added: 5.9 nm; HTAB: 3.9 nm, CH added: 5.4 nm). Based on these results, a description of the micellization of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants in the presence of CH was developed. While CMC and micellization thermodynamics remain virtually unaltered in the presence of CH, micelle size and its polydispersity get significantly increased, and the micelle formation process is notably changed.
Ključne besede: cohumulone, cationic surfactants, CMC, fluorescence spectroscopy, DLS, ITC
Objavljeno v DKUM: 23.01.2026; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
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7. Synergistic effects of biomass and coal dust co-combustion on explosion safetyM. Murata, S. Ptak, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The growing share of renewable energy sources in recent years has been driven by the development of national legislation in various countries aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions originating from fossil fuels. Sustainable growth of national economies therefore requires the search for novel green technologies. Biomass has recently been used as a supplementary fuel to coal. The literature describes the synergetic effect in the technical context of combustion in the power engineering sector. In the presented research, five types of biomass dust were added to coal dust. The selected explosion indices were determined using a 20 L sphere apparatus, in accordance with EN 14034 standards. The results demonstrate the impact of biomass on the course of dust–air explosions. A synergetic effect was observed and explained. Certain types of biomass were found to be characterized by a higher explosion pressure rise (15-17 % or 0.88-1.28 bar) and higher maximum explosion pressure rates (16-148 % or 57-143 bar/s) than those obtained for the samples tested separately. The results indicate that the implementation of biomass for co-combustion always requires a revision of the existing process safety measures designed for coal combustion.
Ključne besede: biomass, coal dust, co-combustion, dust explosion, synergistic effects, explosion pressure, renewable energy, safety engineering
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8. Influence of cutting-edge tip geometry on the tool–workpiece electrical contact resistanceM. Murata, W. Cao, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: It is well established that the electrical resistance generated at the contact interface between dissimilar metals is strongly correlated with the actual contact area. By leveraging this phenomenon in cutting operations, we have successfully achieved in-process identification of flank wear width during machining. The method has shown particularly favourable performance under finishing conditions involving interrupted cutting, where tool monitoring is generally considered challenging. However, cutting operations employ a wide range of tool geometries, cutting parameters, and machining configurations, and it remains unclear whether the proposed approach is universally applicable across these variations. To address this issue, the present study focuses on turning, a process in which the tool–workpiece contact time is relatively long, and investigates the applicability of the method to diverse cutting geometries. Specifically, we examine how differences in tool geometry and the chip–rake-face contact area influence the electrical contact resistance between the tool and the workpiece. The results indicate that, for unused tools, variations in nose radius do not affect the electrical contact resistance measured at the tool–workpiece interface. In contrast, the contact between the flowing chip and the rake face is strongly dependent on rake angle. Consequently, for tools with negative rake angles, chip–rake-face interaction was found to have a pronounced influence on the electrical contact resistance at the tool–workpiece interface.
Ključne besede: tool wear detection, contact resistance, in-process monitoring, real time evaluation, rake angle, nose radius
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10. Dynamic Harris Hawks optimization and deep reinforcement learning framework for autonomous vehicle path planningQ. Zou, X. Yuan, F. Liu, Y. Yin, P. Chen, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Urban intelligent transportation systems require real‑time, near‑optimal routing for autonomous vehicles navigating dynamic and uncertain traffic. We propose a Harris Hawks Optimization–deep reinforcement learning framework (HHO‑DRL) that unites HHO’s global exploration with DRL’s adaptive policy search through (i) a dynamic‑weight fusion scheme that continuously balances exploration and exploitation and (ii) a bidirectional experience‑feedback loop that exchanges elite solutions between the two solvers. On 23 CEC‑2014 benchmark functions and five classical multimodal tests, HHO‑DRL lowers mean error by up to three orders of magnitude relative to PSO and adaptive HHO, demonstrating superior robustness and precision. In 30 × 30 grid‑world simulations with 30 % obstacle density, it generates vehicle routes 35 % shorter than those produced by Grey Wolf Optimization and 25 % shorter than adaptive HHO, while preserving smooth, collision‑free trajectories. These results confirm that the proposed dual‑mechanism delivers fast, high‑quality solutions for high‑dimensional, dynamic path‑planning and other complex engineering optimization tasks.
Ključne besede: dynamic path planning, Harris Hawks optimization, deep reinforcement learning, autonomous vehicles, dynamic weight fusion, bidirectional feedback, intelligent transportation systems, real-time navigation
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