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1.
Effect of green food processing technology on the enzyme activity in spelt flour
Maja Leitgeb, Željko Knez, Gordana Hojnik Podrepšek, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: In this research, a new approach to enzyme inactivation in flour was presented by supercritical technology, considered a sustainable technology with lower energy consumption compared to other technologies that use ultra-high temperature processing. Total protein concentration and the activity of enzymes -amylase, lipase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and protease were determined in flour pre-treated with scCO2. During the study, it was observed that the activity of enzymes such as lipase and polyphenol oxidase, was significantly reduced under certain conditions of scCO2 treatment, while the enzymes -amylase and protease show better stability. In particular, polyphenol oxidase was effectively inactivated below the 60% of preserved activity at 200 bar and 3 h, whereas -amylase under the same conditions retained its activity. Additionally, the moisture content of the scCO2-treated spelt flour was reduced by 5%, and the fat content was reduced by 58%, while the quality of scCO2-treated flour was maintained. In this regard, the sustainable scCO2 process could be a valuable tool for controlling the enzymatic activity of spelt flour since the use of scCO2 technology has a positive effect on the quality of flour, which was verified by the baking performance of spelt flour with the baked spelt bread as an indicator of quality.
Ključne besede: food treatment, spelt flour, proteins, supercritical carbon dioxide, enzyme inactivation, defatted flour, carbon dioxide solubility
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,72 MB)
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2.
Participation in youth sports influences sarcopenia parameters in older adults
Kaja Teraž, Miloš Kalc, Boštjan Šimunič, Uroš Marušič, Primož Pori, Saša Pišot, Rado Pišot, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background: The degree of deterioration in sarcopenia parameters may be affected by a person’s level of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). Our study focused on examining the PA and SB of active older adults including those with and without history of sports in youth. Methods: Forty-four participants (20 men and 24 women, mean age of total sample 76.1 ± 5.2 years) were included in analysis of PA, SB habits and sarcopenia parameters, determined by skeletal muscle index, hand-grip strength, gait speed, Timed Up and Go tests (TUG). PA and SB were recorded with accelerometers. Our primary aim was to compare participants with (AH) or without a sport history in youth (NAH), in their sarcopenia parameters and PA and SB habits. Results: When divided participants in two groups (AH and NAH) and adjusting for age, we have detected the differences for skeletal muscle index (p = 0.007) and hand-grip strength (p = 0.004) in favor of participants who were engaged in sports in youth. We did not find any differences in PA and SB habits between the AH and NAH groups. After adjusting for age, participants with a higher number of daily steps, longer moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) bouts, a higher number of MVPA bouts in a day and higher overall MVPA engagement achieved better results in hand-grip strength and TUG. Participants with lower SB had better TUG and gait speed results. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that engaging in sports activities in youth can make a difference with sarcopenia parameters. Although we found no differences in PA and SB habits between participants with AH and NAH, participants with an athlete history performed better results in sarcopenia parameters.
Ključne besede: active ageing, muscles, muscle disorder, elderly, exercise, sedentarism
Objavljeno v DKUM: 15.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,04 MB)
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3.
MFUM-BrTNBC-1, a newly established patient-derived triple-negative breast cancer cell line : molecular characterisation, genetic stability, and comprehensive comparison with commercial breast cancer cell lines
Kristijan Skok, Lidija Gradišnik, Helena Sabina Čelešnik, Marko Milojević, Uroš Potočnik, Gregor Jezernik, Mario Gorenjak, Monika Sobočan, Iztok Takač, Rajko Kavalar, Uroš Maver, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer (BC) subtype that accounts for approximately 15–20% of all BC cases. Cancer cell lines (CLs) provide an efficient way to model the disease. We have recently isolated a patient-derived triple-negative BC CL MFUM-BrTNBC-1 and performed a detailed morphological and molecular characterisation and a comprehensive comparison with three commercial BC CLs (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453). Light and fluorescence microscopy were used for morphological studies; immunocytochemical staining for hormone receptor, p53 and Ki67 status; RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and STR analysis for molecular characterisation; and biomedical image analysis for comparative phenotypical analysis. The patient tissue-derived MFUMBrTNBC-1 maintained the primary triple-negative receptor status. STR analysis showed a stable and unique STR profile up to the 6th passage. MFUM-BrTNBC-1 expressed EMT transition markers and displayed changes in several cancer-related pathways (MAPK, Wnt and PI3K signalling; nucleotide excision repair; and SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling). Morphologically, MFUM-BrTNBC-1 differed from the commercial TNBC CL MDA-MB-231. The advantages of MFUM-BrTNBC-1 are its isolation from a primary tumour, rather than a metastatic site; good growth characteristics; phenotype identical to primary tissue; complete records of origin; a unique identifier; complete, unique STR profile; quantifiable morphological properties; and genetic stability up to (at least) the 6th passage.
Ključne besede: hormonal receptors, MFUM-BrTNBC-1, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
.pdf Celotno besedilo (5,33 MB)
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4.
Addressing the needs of the rapidly aging society through the development of multifunctional bioactive coatings for orthopedic applications
Tinkara Mastnak, Uroš Maver, Matjaž Finšgar, 2022, pregledni znanstveni članek

Opis: The unprecedented aging of the world’s population will boost the need for orthopedic implants and expose their current limitations to a greater extent due to the medical complexity of elderly patients and longer indwelling times of the implanted materials. Biocompatible metals with multifunctional bioactive coatings promise to provide the means for the controlled and tailorable release of different medications for patient-specific treatment while prolonging the material’s lifespan and thus improving the surgical outcome. The objective of this work is to provide a review of several groups of biocompatible materials that might be utilized as constituents for the development of multifunctional bioactive coatings on metal materials with a focus on antimicrobial, pain-relieving, and anticoagulant properties. Moreover, the review presents a summary of medications used in clinical settings, the disadvantages of the commercially available products, and insight into the latest development strategies. For a more successful translation of such research into clinical practice, extensive knowledge of the chemical interactions between the components and a detailed understanding of the properties and mechanisms of biological matter are required. Moreover, the cost-efficiency of the surface treatment should be considered in the development process.
Ključne besede: biomaterials, orthopedic implants, multifunctional coatings, drug delivery, antimicrobial, pain relief
Objavljeno v DKUM: 09.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
.pdf Celotno besedilo (21,61 MB)
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5.
Optimizing digital image quality for improved skin cancer detection
Bogdan Dugonik, Marjan Golob, Marko Marhl, Aleksandra Vučinič Dugonik, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The rising incidence of skin cancer, particularly melanoma, underscores the need for improved diagnostic tools in dermatology. Accurate imaging plays a crucial role in early detection, yet challenges related to color accuracy, image distortion, and resolution persist, leading to diagnostic errors. This study addresses these issues by evaluating color reproduction accuracy across various imaging devices and lighting conditions. Using a ColorChecker test chart, color deviations were measured through Euclidean distances (∆E*, ∆C*), and nonlinear color differences (∆E00, ∆C00), while the color rendering index (CRI) and television lighting consistency index (TLCI) were used to evaluate the influence of light sources on image accuracy. Significant color discrepancies were identified among mobile phones, DSLRs, and mirrorless cameras, with inadequate dermatoscope lighting systems contributing to further inaccuracies. We demonstrate practical applications, including manual camera adjustments, grayscale reference cards, post-processing techniques, and optimized lighting conditions, to improve color accuracy. This study provides applicable solutions for enhancing color accuracy in dermatological imaging, emphasizing the need for standardized calibration techniques and imaging protocols to improve diagnostic reliability, support AI-assisted skin cancer detection, and contribute to high-quality image databases for clinical and automated analysis.
Ključne besede: dermoscopy, melanoma, color analysis, color error, spectral power distribution, grey card, digital imaging standards
Objavljeno v DKUM: 08.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
.pdf Celotno besedilo (5,63 MB)

6.
Ranking as a procedure for selecting a replacement variable in the score predicting the survival of patients treated with curative intent for colorectal liver metastases
Irena Plahuta, Matej Mencinger, Iztok Peruš, Tomislav Magdalenić, Špela Turk, Aleks Brumec, Stojan Potrč, Arpad Ivanecz, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background and Objectives: The issue of a missing variable precludes the external validation of many prognostic models. For example, the Liverpool score predicts the survival of patients undergoing surgical therapy for colorectal liver metastases, but it includes the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, which cannot be measured retrospectively. Materials and Methods: We aimed to find the most appropriate replacement for the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio. Survival analysis was performed on data representing 632 liver resections for colorectal liver metastases from 2000 to 2020. Variables associated with the Liverpool score, C-reactive protein, albumins, and fibrinogen were ranked. The rankings were performed in four ways: The first two were based on the Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank statistics and the definite integral �� between two survival curves). The next method of ranking was based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: The ranks were as follows: the radicality of liver resection (rank 1), lymph node infiltration of primary colorectal cancer (rank 2), elevated C-reactive protein (rank 3), the American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification grade (rank 4), the right-sidedness of primary colorectal cancer (rank 5), the multiplicity of colorectal liver metastases (rank 6), the size of colorectal liver metastases (rank 7), albumins (rank 8), and fibrinogen (rank 9). Conclusions: The ranking methodologies resulted in almost the same ranking order of the variables. Elevated C-reactive protein was ranked highly and can be considered a relevant replacement for the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio in the Liverpool score. These methods are suitable for ranking variables in similar models for medical research.
Ključne besede: colorectal cancer, liver metastases, inflammation, ranking, survival
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,15 MB)
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7.
Perception of personal participation of the nurses in resuscitation procedures : a qualitative study
Anton Koželj, Maja Strauss, Vita Poštuvan, Anže Strauss Koželj, Matej Strnad, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background and Objectives: Resuscitation is one of the most stressful tasks in emergency medicine. The participation of nurses in this procedure can have specific effects on them. In this research, we wanted to find out what these effects are. Materials and Methods: A qualitative approach by conducting semi-structured interviews was used, and a thematic data analysis of the recorded interviews was carried out. The collected data were transcribed verbatim, with no corrections to the audio recordings. The computer program ATLAS.ti 22 was used for the qualitative data analysis. Results: Eleven male registered nurses were interviewed, with an average of 18.5 years of experience working in a prehospital environment (max. 32/min. 9). A total of 404 min of recordings were analyzed, and 789 codes were found, which were combined into 36 patterns and 11 themes. As the most stressful situations, the interviewees pointed out the resuscitation of a child, familiar persons, conflicts with the environment, conflicts within the resuscitation team, nonfunctioning or insufficient equipment, complications during resuscitation, and resuscitating a person only for training. As positive effects, the interviewees cited successful resuscitations or their awareness that, despite an unsuccessful resuscitation, they did everything they could. Conclusions: Participation in these interventions has a specific positive or negative impact on the performers. The interviewees shared the opinion that they can cope effectively with the adverse or stressful effects of resuscitation. Yet, despite everything, they allow the possibility of subconscious influences of this intervention on themselves.
Ključne besede: resuscitation, personal experiences, paramedics, prehospital environment
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
.pdf Celotno besedilo (307,20 KB)
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8.
Perceptions of patient safety culture among triage nurses in the emergency department : a cross-sectional study
Zvonka Fekonja, Sergej Kmetec, Nataša Mlinar Reljić, Jožica Černe Kolarič, Majda Pajnkihar, Matej Strnad, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The patient safety culture is key to ensuring patient safety in healthcare organizations. The triage environment is inherently demanding for patient safety and is characterized by high stress, rapid decision-making, and quick action. In several countries, including Slovenia, there is a lack of studies on the patient safety culture among triage nurses. This study aimed to assess the perceptions of the patient safety culture among triage nurses. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The Emergency Medical Services-Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, distributed to triage nurses, was used to collect data. A total of 201 triage nurses participated in this study. The results revealed that the overall average perception of the patient safety culture was 57.27% (SD = 57.27), indicating that the perception of the patient safety culture among triage nurses in the emergency department was non-positive and requires improvement. “Job Satisfaction” received the highest score (63.18%; SD = 17.19), while “Working Conditions” received the lowest (49.91%; SD = 17.37). The perception of positive and negative safety culture responses was statistically significant for age (χ2 (3) = 17.750, p ≤ 0.001), education (χ2 (2) = 6.957, p = 0.031) and length of working experience (χ2 (3) = 8.875, p = 0.031). The findings emphasize the significance of improving the safety culture in relation to several areas of patient care during the triage process. This research serves as a crucial foundation for enhancing patient safety in triage, providing quality care, and reducing adverse events.
Ključne besede: triage, patient safety, perception, safety management, emergency medical services
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
.pdf Celotno besedilo (593,94 KB)
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9.
The learning curve of laparoscopic liver resection utilising a difficulty score
Arpad Ivanecz, Irena Plahuta, Matej Mencinger, Iztok Peruš, Tomislav Magdalenić, Špela Turk, Stojan Potrč, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Background: This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the learning curve of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) of a single surgeon. Patients and methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of liver resections was conducted. 171 patients undergoing pure LLRs between April 2008 and April 2021 were analysed. The Halls difficulty score (HDS) for theoretical predictions of intraoperative complications (IOC) during LLR was applied. IOC was defined as blood loss over 775 mL, unintentional damage to the surrounding structures, and conversion to an open approach. Theoretical association between HDS and the predicted probability of IOC was utilised to objectify the shape of the learning curve. Results: The obtained learning curve has resulted from thirteen years of surgical effort of a single surgeon. It consists of an absolute and a relative part in the mathematical description of the additive function described by the logarithmic function (absolute complexity) and fifth-degree regression curve (relative complexity). The obtained learning curve determines the functional dependency of the learning outcome versus time and indicates several local extreme values (peaks and valleys) in the learning process until proficiency is achieved. Conclusions: This learning curve indicates an ongoing learning process for LLR. The proposed mathematical model can be applied for any surgical procedure with an existing difficulty score and a known theoretically predicted association between the difficulty score and given outcome (for example, IOC).
Ključne besede: difficulty score, learning curve, laparoscopy, hepatectomy, intraoperative complications, surgical procedures
Objavljeno v DKUM: 07.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 2
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10.
Diagnosis, clinical presentation and management of celiac disease in children and adolescents in Poland
Joanna Bierła, Anna Szaflarska-Popławska, Urszula Grzybowska-Chlebowczyk, Beata Oralewska, Marta Cyba, Grzegorz Oracz, Ewa Konopka, Božena Cukrowska, Małgorzata Syczewska, Honorata Kołodziejczyk, Petra Rižnik, Jernej Dolinšek, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals, affecting about 1% of the general population in the developed world. In 2012, the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) recommendations for CD diagnoses in children and adolescents were introduced, allowing the “no-biopsy” approach if certain criteria were met. This approach was also confirmed in the revised guidelines published in 2020. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess—over a one-year period—the clinical presentations and current status of the management of children and adolescents diagnosed with CD in Poland. Medical records of children and adolescents, newly diagnosed with CD in 2022/2023 in three medical centers in Poland, were involved. Gastroenterologists completed the specific anonymous web-based forms developed in the CD SKILLS project, including data routinely assessed at individual visits about the diagnostic approach and clinical presentation of the disease. Our study assessed 100 patients (56% girls) with an age range 1.6–18.0 years. We found that 98% of patients were serologically tested prior to a CD diagnosis and 58% of patients were diagnosed using the “no-biopsy” approach. In the analyzed group, 40% belonged to a known risk group, only 22% had annual screening before the CD diagnosis (the longest for 9 years), and 19% showed no symptoms at the time of the CD diagnosis. Our research confirmed the applicability of the “no-biopsy” approach for the diagnosis of CD in children and adolescents in Poland, and also showed changes in the clinical picture of CD. Moreover, we highlight the need to introduce broad CD serological screening in risk groups of the Polish population.
Ključne besede: celiac disease, no-biopsy, risk groups, Polish population
Objavljeno v DKUM: 04.04.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 1
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,28 MB)
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