Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: The presented study assesses the efficiency of selected adsorbents, zeolite 4A in two particle sizes and pelletized activated carbon (AC), for the potential removal of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and metals from wastewaters after natural wool dyeing. Firstly, the natural coloring compounds were extracted from dried common walnut (Juglans regia) leaves and used further for exhaustion dyeing of wool fibers, together with three different metallic salts in two concentrations (meta-mordanting). Effluents with higher mordant concentration were additionally treated according to a shake-flask adsorption experiment. The obtained results revealed efficient removal of exceeded metallic ions by zeolite (up to 94.7%), on account of their superior ion exchange capability as compared to AC. The zeolites also reduced turbidity and electrical conductivity significantly. On the other hand, AC was more efficient for the reduction in organic pollution, COD up to 96% and TOC up to 95%, due to its higher specific surface area and total pore volume, and, thus, higher potential for adsorption of different compounds in comparison to 4A. All three proposed adsorbents lowered wastewaters’ coloration remarkably, up to 78% (AC) and up to 71% (4A), depending on the type of effluent/mordant and inspected wavelength; although, the spectral absorbance coefficient (SAC) values remained highly above the limit values for discharge of wastewaters into watercourses.
Ključne besede: wool dyeing, natural dyes, wastewater treatment, decoloration, heavy metals’ reduction, adsorption
Objavljeno v DKUM: 20.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 0
Celotno besedilo (27,10 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

Opis: In this study, the thermal treatment of two types of waste from the paper industry was investigated, paper mill sludge and sewage sludge from biological wastewater treatment plants. Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) and torrefaction were investigated as sustainable alternatives for solid biofuel production. Untreated samples and samples chemically pre-treated with alcoholic vinegar were subjected to torrefaction at 350 °C in N2 atmosphere, and the exhaust gases were analysed. HTC was performed at 250 °C with a residence time of 4 h. The feedstocks and the biochars produced were characterised by different analytical methods, and the effects of pre-treatment on fuel properties were studied. Both processes, HTC and torrefaction, showed inspiring results in the production of biofuels from paper industry wastes under the tested experimental conditions. A positive influence of pre-treatment on fuel properties (higher heating value, carbon content) of the obtained char was observed, and changes in the gas phase during torrefaction were observed.
Ključne besede: thermal treatment of waste, wastewater treatment, hydrothermal carbonisation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.04.2024; Ogledov: 237; Prenosov: 8
Celotno besedilo (1,15 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

Opis: The aim of this work was to design a quick and reliable method for the evaluation and classification of wastewater streams into treatable and non-treatable effluents for reuse/recycling. Different chemometric methods were used for this purpose handling the enormous amount of data, and additionally to find any hidden information, which would increase our knowledge and improve the classification. The data obtained from the processes description, together with the analytical results of measured parameters' characterising the wastewater of a particular process, enabled us to build a fast-decision model for separating different textile wastewater outlets. Altogether 49 wastewater samples from the textile finishing company were analysed, and 19 different physical chemical measurements were performed for each of them. The resulting classification model was aimed at an automated decision about the choice of treatment technologies or a prediction about the reusability of wastewaters within any textile finishing or other company having similar characteristics of wastewater streams.
Ključne besede: textile finishing wastewater, chemometrics, multivariate data analysis, wastewater treatment
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.07.2015; Ogledov: 1960; Prenosov: 80
Celotno besedilo (130,86 KB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

Opis: The decolouration and mineralization of reactive dye C.I. Reactive Black 5, a well-known representative of non-biodegradable azo dyes, by means of ultrasonic irradiation at 20, 279 and 817 kHz has been investigated with emphasis on the effect of various parameters on decolouration and degradation efficiency. Characterization of the used ultrasound systems was performed using calorimetric measurements and oxidative species monitoring using Fricke and iodine dosimeter. Experiments were carried out with low frequency probe type, and a high-frequency plate type transducer at 50, 100 and 150 W of acoustic power and within the 5-300 mgžL initial dye concentration range. Decolouration, as well as radical production, increased with increasing frequency, acoustic power, and irradiation time. Any increase in initial dye concentration results in decreased decolouration rates. Sonochemical decolouration was substantially depressed by the addition of 2-methyl-2-propanol as a radical scavenger, which suggests radical-induced reactions in the solution. Acute toxicity to marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri was tested before and after ultrasound irradiation. Under the conditions employed in this study, no toxic compounds were detected after 6 h of irradiation. Mineralization of the dye was followed by TOC measurements. Relatively low degradation efficiency (50% after 6 h of treatment) indicates that ultrasound is rather inefficient in overall degradation, when used alone.
Ključne besede: textile industry, wastewater treatment, textile dyeing, reactive dyes, azo dyes, decoloration, ultrasound, degradation, decoloration kinetics, oxidizing species
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 2250; Prenosov: 98
Povezava na celotno besedilo

Opis: Membrane filtration of wastewater after textile printing with reactive dyes isdescribed. The wastewater from a Slovenian factory, whose output is approx. 80% reactive dyes printed and dyed on cotton, was studied. In particular, the presence of urea, sodium alginate, oxidation agent and reactive dyes, used forthe printing paste preparation, in the wastewater was studied. Chemical analyses of actual, non-purified, wastewater showed that many Slovenian regulations were exceeded. The study of membrane filtration is based on a pilot wastewater treatment plantČ ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) units. The quality of the wastewater was improved by ultrafiltration, butits effluent still does not conform to the specification of concentration limits for emission into water. Permeate coming from RO meets the required specification and, therefore, could be re-used in the washing process of printed textiles.
Ključne besede: textile printing, reactive dyes, wastewater treatment, membrane filtration, pilot plant
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 3369; Prenosov: 93
Povezava na celotno besedilo