Iskanje po katalogu digitalne knjižnice

Opis: Poly(ethylene 2,5-furan dicarboxylate) (PEF) based nanocomposites containing different nanoparticles like Ag, TiO2, ZnO, ZrO2 Ce-Bioglass, have been synthesized via in-situ polymerization techniques targeting food pack aging applications. Zeta potential measurements showed an increase in the negative zeta potential value due to an increase in the surface charge density of the nanocomposites. Thermogravimetric analysis results proved that, except PEF-ZnO nanocomposite, all the other nanocomposites exhibited good resistance to thermal degradation without serious mass loss until 330 ◦C. Thermal decomposition kinetic analysis and the dependence of activation energy on the degree of conversion (α), indicated that the presence of ZnO nanoparticles influences, the degradation mechanism of PEF. In contrast, the presence of Ce-Bioglass nanoparticles leads to a slower degra dation process, contributing to the enhanced resistance to thermal degradation of the PEF-Bioglass nano composite. The thermal degradation mechanism of PEF nanocomposites analyzed by pyrolysis‒gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) indicated that the primary thermal degradation mechanism for the studied nanocomposites was β-hydrogen bond scission, while to a lesser extent, α-hydrogen bond scission products were noted in PEF-TiO2 and PEF-ZrO2 nanocomposites.
Ključne besede: bio based polymers, Poly(ethylene 2, 5-furan dicarboxylate), nanoparticles, thermal properties, nanocomposites, decomposition mechanism
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 5
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Opis: Furanoate polyesters are an extremely promising new class of materials for packaging applications, particularly furanoate-based nanocomposites, which have gained a high interest level in research and development in both academia and industries. The monomers utilised for the synthesis of furanoate-based polyesters were derived from lignocellulosic biomass, which is essential for both eco-friendliness and sustainability. Also, these polyesters have a lower carbon footprint compared to fossil-based plastics, contributing to greenhouse gas reduction. The furanoate-based nanocomposites exhibit enhanced performance characteristics, such as high thermal stability, excellent mechanical strength, superior barrier resistance, and good bacteriostatic rate, making them suitable for a wide range of industrial applications, especially for food-packaging applications. This paper reviews the recent trends in the synthesis routes of monomers, such as the various catalytic activities involved in the oxidation of 5(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) into 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and its ester, dimethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (DMFD). In addition, this review explores the fabrication of different furanoate-based nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization, by melt mixing or solvent evaporation methods, and by using different types of nanoparticles to enhance the overall material properties of the resulting nanocomposites. Emphasis was given to presenting the effect of these nanoparticles on the furanoate polyester’s properties.
Ključne besede: 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid, dimethyl furan-2, 5-dicarboxylat, furanoate polyesters, furanoate nanocomposites, thermal properties, mechanical properties, antibacterial properties, sustainable packaging
Objavljeno v DKUM: 10.03.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 6
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Opis: This work aimed to produce bio-based poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) with a high molecular weight using 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) or its derivative dimethyl 2,5-furan dicarboxylate (DMFD), targeting food packaging applications. The effect of monomer type, molar ratios, catalyst, polycondensation time, and temperature on synthesized samples’ intrinsic viscosities and color intensity was evaluated. It was found that FDCA is more effective than DMFD in producing PEF with higher molecular weight. A sum of complementary techniques was employed to study the structure– properties relationships of the prepared PEF samples, both in amorphous and semicrystalline states. The amorphous samples exhibited an increase in glass transition temperature of 82–87 ◦C, and annealed samples displayed a decrease in crystallinity with increasing intrinsic viscosity, as analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. Dielectric spectroscopy showed moderate local and segmental dynamics and high ionic conductivity for the 2,5-FDCA-based samples. The spherulite size and nuclei density of samples improved with increased melt crystallization and viscosity, respectively. The hydrophilicity and oxygen permeability of the samples were reduced with increased rigidity and molecular weight. The nanoindentation test showed that the hardness and elastic modulus of amorphous and annealed samples is higher at low viscosities due to high intermolecular interactions and degree of crystallinity.
Ključne besede: bio-based polymers, poly(ethylene furanoate), polycondensation, thermal properties, mechanical properties, oxygen transmission rates
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
Celotno besedilo (13,28 MB)
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Opis: Energy wells are thermo-active elements for an economical extraction or storage of ground energy, similar to energy piles and other deep foundation elements also used as heat exchangers. Heating and/or cooling of buildings requires a primary and secondary thermo-active circuit, commonly connected by a heat pump. The paper gives several design aspects of energy wells which can be also used for the design of deep energy foundations. Thermal response tests have proved suitable for the in-situ determination of thermal ground properties required for an optimised design. Moreover, different systems of energy wells are discussed, and a comprehensive pilot research project is described.
Ključne besede: energy wells, energy foundations, geothermal geotechnics, geothermal heating/cooling, thermo-active structures, thermal ground properties, field testing
Objavljeno v DKUM: 17.05.2018; Ogledov: 1086; Prenosov: 131
Celotno besedilo (4,24 MB)
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Opis: The exergy analysis of a Brayton cycle is performed in the paper. The four input variables: the ratio of the compressor exit and inlet pressures, the ratio of inlet temperature of gases in turbine and inlet temperature of air in compressor and the isentropic efficiencies of the compressor and turbine are analysed. The temperature ratio is varied in a way that the compressor inlet temperature of air is maintained constant, while the turbine inlet temperature of flue gases is varied from 900 to 1200°C. In the combustion chamber methane is completely combusted with excess air ratio which is determined by the temperature of flue gases at the turbine inlet. The analysis further includes variability of the molar heat capacities of air and flue gases with temperature and variability of their heat capacity ratios. The exergy destruction in turbine, compressor and combustion chamber and also total exergy efficiency of the cycle are considered in the analysis.
Ključne besede: Brayton cycle, variable physical properties, variable composition of working substance, maximum work output, maximum thermal efficiency
Objavljeno v DKUM: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 2263; Prenosov: 363
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