1. The approach of using a horizontally layered soil model for inhomogeneous soil, by taking into account the deeper layers of the soil, and determining the model’s parameters using evolutionary methodsMarko Jesenik, Mislav Trbušić, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: A new approach using a horizontally layered analytical soil model for inhomogeneous soil is presented. The presented approach also considers deeper soil layers, which is not the case when simply dividing the area of interest into smaller subareas. The finite element method model was used to prepare test data because, in such a case, the soil parameters are known. Six lines simulating Wenner’s method were used, and their results were combined appropriately to determine the soil parameters of nine subareas. To determine the soil parameters in the scope of each subarea, different optimization methods were used and compared to each other. The results were analyzed, and Artificial Bee Colony was selected as the most appropriate method among those tested. Additionally, the convergence of the methods was analyzed, and Memory Assistance is presented, with the aim of shortening the calculation time. In this study, three-, four-, five-, and six-layered soil models were tested, and it is concluded that the three-layered model is most appropriate. A finite element method model based on the soil determination results was constructed to verify the results. The results of the Wenner’s method simulation in the cases of the test data and final model were compared to confirm the accuracy of the presented method
Ključne besede: grounding system, soil model, finite element method, differential evolution, artificial bee colony, teaching–learning-based optimization
Objavljeno v DKUM: 21.02.2025; Ogledov: 0; Prenosov: 3
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2. A comparison of linear and nonlinear seismic tunnel-ground interaction analysesElefterija Zlatanović, Marina Trajković-Milenković, Dragan Lukić, Stanko Brčić, Vlatko Šešov, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In order to study the effects of a seismically induced tunnel–ground interaction, two-dimensional numerical analyses are performed using the sofware ANSYS. The study employs a coupled beam–spring model subjected to earthquake loading that is simulated under pure shear conditions and determined by a free-field ground-response analysis using the code EERA. The properties of the soil material are considered as both linear and nonlinear. The results obtained by linear dynamic analyses are compared with state-of-practice analytical elastic solutions. A comparison of the results of both linear and nonlinear analyses is also performed, and significant differences, as well as important factors influencing the tunnel–ground interaction for both cases, are evaluated.
Ključne besede: circular tunnel, linear/nonlinear soil behaviour, beam–spring model, plane-strain conditions, simplified dynamic FE analysis, soil–structure interaction
Objavljeno v DKUM: 18.06.2018; Ogledov: 1339; Prenosov: 81
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3. Analysis of a dilatometer test in over-consolidated sediments, basin of the Duero river, SpainFélix Escolano Sánchez, Manuel Bueno Aguado, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: A dilatometer test is a useful method for in-situ geotechnical surveys. It can be compared with the results obtained using a mathematical model. The mathematical model of concentric rings shown in this article is governed by the constitutive equation of the “Hardening Soil Model”. A large number of tests made on the Dueñas Geological Facies, with a consistency ranging from firm clays to soft rocks, are compared to the model results. In this way, the “Hardening Soil Model” parameters are adjusted to the Dueñas Facies materials.
Ključne besede: Dueñas, geotechnical parameters, hardening soil model, soft rocks and clays deformation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.06.2018; Ogledov: 1304; Prenosov: 101
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4. Implementation and verification of a geosynthetic-soil interface constitutive model in the Geogrid element of FLAC$^{3D}$Wu Haimin, Shu Yiming, Dai Linjun, Teng Zhaoming, 2015, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Due to the complexity of geosynthetic-soil interactions, the simple interface constitutive models embedded in the geosynthetic elements of general computing software cannot satisfy the requirements for a numerical simulation of different geosynthetic-soil interface behaviours. Based on the direct shear test results of a composite geomembrane (CGM) and polyurethane (PUR) mixed crushed stones interface, a nonlinear elastic, perfectly plastic model was used to describe the interface behaviours. The method of incorporating an interface constitutive model into the Geogrid element of a fast Lagrange analysis of continua in three dimensions (FLAC3D) procedure was presented in detail through a user-defined program in the FISH environment. Then the incorporated model of the Geogrid element was used to simulate the direct tests of the CGM-PUR mixed crushed stones interface. The results of the numerical tests confirmed the validity and reliability of the incorporated model. The method and program flowchart for implementing the nonlinear elastic, perfectly plastic interface constitutive model into the Geogrid element can provide a reference for users who want to simulate other geosynthetic-soil interface behaviours with FLAC3D.
Ključne besede: geosynthetic-soil interface, constitutive model, numerical modelling, FLAC3D, geogrid element
Objavljeno v DKUM: 14.06.2018; Ogledov: 1558; Prenosov: 75
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5. Numerical modeling of floating prefabricated vertical drains in layered soilIkhya Ikhya, Helmut Schweiger, 2012, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This paper presents a comparison of field measurements and a numerical model of settlements based on the construction of an embankment on soft soil for the Cirebon Power Plant Project in Indonesia, where prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) were installed. In the numerical model, floating PVDs in two soil layers for two- and one-way drainage conditions are examined in order to determine the optimum penetration depth. In this study, good agreement between the field measurements of the settlements and the numerical prediction could be achieved. An interesting result of this study is that the differences in the stiffness and/or the permeability in the unimproved area below the PVD tip have a significant influence on the optimum penetration depth (L/H) in the two-soil-layer condition. The numerical study showed that it is possible to use floating PVDs in single drainage conditions if the second layer is stiffer and/or more permeable than the first layer.
Ključne besede: two soil layers, floating prefabricated vertical drain, double and single drainage, numerical model, soft clay, consolidation
Objavljeno v DKUM: 13.06.2018; Ogledov: 1247; Prenosov: 95
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6. Advances and uncertainties in the design of anchored retaining walls using numerical modellingAntun Szavits-Nossan, 2008, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This paper describes research on the prediction of horizontal displacements and internal forces in an anchored wall for the protection of an excavation, using standard field and laboratory tests and a finite-element programme with a soil model that can simulate the key aspects of soil behaviour at a construction site. It is important to be acquainted with the constitutive model incorporated in the programme, and the selection of the appropriate soil parameters for the numerical analysis is a crucial part of the modelling. As a result, it is useful to carry out numerical simulations of standard laboratory tests with well-known soil behaviour in order to select the relevant parameters for the simulation of the actual construction process.
It is shown in this paper that the measurements of the shear-wave velocities, which can provide the soil’s stiffness at very small strains, can also be useful for determining the static stiffness at a magnitude of the strains relevant for the geotechnical structure under consideration, for both cohesive and noncohesive soils.
The research was carried out by a detailed analysis of a case history involving an anchored, reinforced concrete wall supporting the walls of an excavation in a relatively stiff soil. The wall displacements were monitored using an installed inclinometer.
The major part of the paper is devoted to an analysis of the selection of parameters, especially the stiffness parameters. The simulation of the triaxial, consolidated, undrained tests was used in order to assess the reduction of the secant stiffness modulus with an increase of the relative mobilized shear strength for the hard clay layer according to the published empirical evidence. It is shown that by selecting the appropriate stiffness parameters for the soil model used in the numerical analysis, it is possible to get an acceptable prediction of the anchored-wall displacements. This is just one example of a successful analysis, but it is encouraging in the way that it shows how it is possible to make reliable predictions based on standard field and laboratory tests and with the use of an available computer programme with a realistic soil model.
Ključne besede: anchored wall, soil model, shear stiffness, numerical modelling, measured displacements
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2018; Ogledov: 952; Prenosov: 99
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7. Analysis of cracked slender-beams on Winkler's foundation using a simplified computational modelMatjaž Skrinar, Boris Lutar, 2011, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This paper discusses the coupling of Winkler's soil model with a simplified computational model that is widely used for the calculation of transverse displacements in transversely cracked slender beams. The bending problem of a cracked beam embedded in Winkler's soil is addressed by means of an analytical approach. The solving of the corresponding differential equation solutions is studied in order to obtain exact analytical expressions for the transverse displacements of the simplified computational model. After the solutions for the displacements of the beam are obtained, the inner bending moment and the shear force distributions within the beam can be calculated, either by using known, established relationships from the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory or by implementing two mechanical equilibrium conditions. Numerical examples covering several load situations are briefly presented in order to support the discussed approach. The results obtained with the presented approach are then further compared with the values from huge 2D finite-element models, where a detailed description of the crack was achieved using the discrete approach. It is evident that any drastic difference in the computational effort is not reflected in the significant differences in the results between the models.
Ključne besede: beams with transverse cracks, simplified computational model, elastic foundation, Winkler's soil, transverse displacements, bending moment, shear forces
Objavljeno v DKUM: 01.06.2012; Ogledov: 2262; Prenosov: 58
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